Ohm’s Law pre-lab

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George Mason University *

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Electrical Engineering

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Jan 9, 2024

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P-1 PRELAB 1 Name: Date: Title of Experiment: Ohm’s Law Class & Section: All lab partners: N/A Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the relationships between voltage, current, and resistance in active electrical circuits. By conducting various activities, we aim to predict circuit parameters, construct active circuits, and measure voltage and current using a digital multimeter. The primary focus is on applying Ohm's law (V = IR) to predict and verify current changes with varying voltage, as well as measuring voltage and current in different circuit configurations. In Activity 1, we hypothesize an increase in voltage to correspond with a rise in current through a 120 Ω resistor (R1), adhering to Ohm's law. In Activity 2, involving series-connected resistors of various values, we predicted variable voltages across the resistors while maintaining constant total current. For Activity 3, a parallel circuit with two 100 Ω resistors, our hypothesis foresaw the total current equaling the sum of individual resistor currents, following parallel circuit principles. In Activity 4, with a series-parallel circuit featuring specific resistors, we anticipated differing voltages across resistors based on their resistance values, with total current determined by the circuit configuration. These hypotheses structured our experiments, facilitating systematic exploration of active circuit behavior. Physical Quantities and Units: Physical Quantities Units Voltage (V) Volts (V) Current (I) Amperes (A) Resistance (R) Ohms (Ω) Key Equations:  V=IR  P=IV Summary of Procedure: Our experimental procedure consists of four planned activities designed to deepen our understanding of active electrical circuits. In Activity 1, we will construct a circuit, as depicted in Figure 2, with a 120 Ω resistor (R1) and incrementally increase the voltage from 1.00 V to 10 V. During each step, we will measure the current by placing an ammeter in series with the resistor and battery. The data will be recorded in an Excel table, and a graph will be created to visualize the anticipated relationship between current and voltage. In Activity 2, illustrated in Figure 3, we will assemble a circuit featuring two resistors, 10 Ω (R1) and 100 Ω (R2), alongside a battery and ammeter. We will predict voltage across each resistor and the total current, then verify these values experimentally, repeating the procedure with R1 replaced by a 100 Ω resistor. Activity 3 will involve designing a parallel circuit using two 100 Ω resistors, followed by the addition of a 10 Ω resistor. Lastly, in Activity 4, we will select specific resistors—R1 = 10 Ω, R2 = 22 Ω, R3 = 100 Ω, R4 = 220 Ω, and R5 = 220 Ω—to create a series-parallel circuit. A power supply set at 1

P-2 100 V will allow us to measure voltages across each resistor and currents passing through them, with all data neatly recorded in a table. This comprehensive procedure, to be conducted using the PHET circuit lab, will provide a structured approach to investigate the relationships between voltage, current, and resistance in active circuits.

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The Figure 2 shows an electronic circuit designed for supplying power to a load (R1). The supply voltage 235V (RMS, AC) at frequency of 50HZ. The required DC voltage and power for the load are 24V and 3.6 W respectively. The Electrical Components of this AC to DC converter are: A full-wave rectifier to convert AC voltage to DC voltage. A regulator with transistor and Zener diode to ensure a constant voltage and power for the load. D1 Iide 91 Vaut VLoad D2 D3 Vde VI sine R1 RL Regulate Reetifier Figure 2. Complete Circuit Assume that the diodes are real diodes (NOT ideal diodes). The following information is available: The collector to base resistor of the regulator R1 = 5.0 k The transistor Q1 with B value of 24 is used for the regulator circuit. Determine the following quantities for this electronic device and fill the table below: Question Answer The voltage of Zener Diode (Vz) The current in R1 The DC current into the regulator | (Idc) Base current of transistor (IB) Collector…
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