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Maximizing the efficiency of a single program's bandwidth is the focus of which technology?
Variable Bit-Rate Encoding
Constant Bit Rate Encoding
Statistical Multiplexing
Open Loop Multiplexing
Which of the following MPEG characterstics would you least likely need to compare between pre and post modulation analysis?
Health of the PCR's
Transport Stream Bandwidths
Referred PIDs Missing
Audio Levels
Audio levels would not be affected typically in digital video by modulation
Closed Captioning and data services embedded in line 21 of the Vertical Blanking Interval are detailed in which of the following standards?
ETSI TS 101 154
CEA-608
ITU-R BT.709
ITU-R BT.500
Which of the following most accurately describes the implementation of Quality of Service protections in DOCSIS 1.1 and higher?
There are no Quality of Service protections available in DOCSIS.
Quality of Service protections are incorporated in the physical layer.
Quality of Service protections are incorporated in the MAC layer.
Quality of Service protections are incorporated in the MPEG layer.
Which of the following best describes "CMTS forwarding out-of-band data to a
digital set-top box."
DNCS Control Plane
tru2way middleware
Proprietary set-top software stack
DSG Agent
The CMTS acts at the DSG agent forwarding OOB data to the digital DOCSIS set-top gateway.
Which of the following is the most appropriate reason for why encoding a high motion sports sequence would be more challenging than encoding primetime news?
The increased motion and changing images in the sports footage demand more video frames from
the encoder.
The complex and fast-paced motion in the sports footage will have large differences in the content
from frame to frame, giving the encoder less redundancies to work with.
The increased color and motion in the sports sequence means it will have more I-Frames per GOP then the news sequence.
The news footage will be lower bitrate then the sports footage, so less strenuos to the encoder.
Sports programming, action-adventure films, or any content with moving elements
that are highly dynamic from frame to frame present greater challenges for
encoders to achieve high compression ratios, while talking heads type programming
such as the newscaster seen here is far less challenging to an encoder
For Digital Program Insertion, SCTE 30 is the protocol used for which of the following communications?
Communications between the video server and the encoder
Communications between the encoder and splicer
Communications between the edge-modulator and splicer
Communications between the video server and splicer
The primary difference between computer data traffic and real-time media data traffic is:
Media data traffic needs only intermittent connectivity
Media data traffic uses sliding window ARQ
Media data traffic requres a delivery receipt.
Media data traffic is not re-transmittable
Which of the following specifications specifically addresses the combination of
these components? Embedded Cable modem, out-of-band directory, digital set-top box.
DOCSIS 2.0
tru2way
DSG
SCTE 18
Which of the following management systems is intended to be used for monitoring a wide range of equipment within the network?
Element Management System
Network Management System
Operations Support System
Back Office System
In order to pass closed captioning, an encoder will need to transcode which VBI line(s)?
21
Any
20
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19 and 20
In reference to VOD, trick modes refer to?
Upselling customer to a premium package
Allowing user to FF or RW VOD titles
A VOD Title trailer
The free preview window before a user gets charged
Which of the following will NOT cause lip-synch problems?
Buffer overflows
Severe PCR jitter
Audio compression settings
Packet Loss
Which of the following best characterizes Fault Management Monitoring?
Fault Management systems are not focused exclusively on the physical layer.
Fault Mangement systems will use data obtained from probes and network equipment.
Fault Management systems focus on identifying network and service problems in real-time.
Fault Management systems look at key metrics for network and service performance.
Which of the following CableLabs specifications provides guidance by which assets are transported and the ADS from a content provider to an AMS located at a cable operator?
VoD Content Specification 2.0 MD-SP-VOD-CONTENT2.0
ADI 2.0 Specification Asset Inventory Messages MD-SP-ADI2.0-AIM
Content Encoding Profile 2.0 specification MD-SP-VOD-CEP2.0
OCAP Specification 1.3.1 Profile OC-SP-OCAP 1.3.1
Which of the following is least likely to be a direct cause for A/V sync issues?
Audio Buffer Underflow
Increased difference between PTS values
PCR Drift
Packet Loss
The Splice Information Table is defined in which of the following standards?
SCTE 30
SCTE 35
SCTE 130
SCTE 18
In order to pass a local over-the-air digital broadcast into the cable network, what type of signal would be received (modulation and bitrate)?
8 VSB at 38.880 Mb/s
16 VSB at 19.392658 Mb/s
8 VSB at 19.392658 Mb/s
16 QAM at 19.392658 Mb/s
Did you know?
The over the air (OTA) 8 vestigial sideband (8- VSB) digital video signal is 19.44Mbps.
All except which of the following are tools for increasing bandwidh efficiency?
Switched Digital Video
MPEG4
10GigE
DTAs
The QAM 64 constellation displayed in Figure DVEP 1
indicates which of the following impairments?
I/Q Gain Error
I/Q Phase Error
Compression
Phase Noise
In an MPEG-2 Transport Stream, the Program Association Table (PAT) is assigned which of the following PIDs?
0x0000
0x0001
0x0010
0x0011
MPEG-2 temporal encoding breaks each frame into macroblocks consisting of
how many pixels?
4x4 pixels
8x8 Pixels
12x12 Pixels
16x16 Pixels
What is the common elementary stream type for MPEG-4 video, often found in the PMT?
0x001B
0x0002
0x0081
0x1FFB
When introducing a new service, it is often done by hub or service group for all EXCEPT which of the following reasons?
To make sure that the fewest software licenses are used
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To make sure all the work can get done in the available maintenance window
To make sure that customer care doesn't see a big spike in call volume
To make sure that the system stays stable as it scales by users
Headend or hub trial goals:
Usually no impact to subscribers, often prelude to technical trial
Does the product perform in the headend or hub the same as in lab tests?
Was something missed? Interaction?
Stability over time for users as service scales, headends or hubs usually
more stable than labs
Work can get done in the available maintenance window
No spike in call volume seen by customer care
In linear analog-to-digital conversion, what would be required to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the recovered baseband signal?
Increase the compression clock frequency
Increase the encoding rate value
Increase the sampling rate
Increase the quantization bit value
From Encoder to set-top box, digital programs are carried in an MPEG transport stream. For a digital cable system, which of the following most accurately defines the interfaces at which you can connect an MPEG stream analyzer to test the signal?
Component video, SDI, ASI, and IP.
ASI, IP and baseband feeds post set-top box.
RF-VSB, ASI, and RF-QAM.
ASI, RF-VSB, RF-QAM, and IP.
What is NOT a typical goal of an employee trial?
To validate features work as expected
To validate customer care documents
To validate provisioning and billing processes
To validate pricing of the product
Name the layers of the ISO's OSI Reference Model.
Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical Layers
Application, Presentation, Accounting, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical Layers
Display, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical Layers
Application, Presentation, Session, Multiplex, Network, Data Link, Physical Layers
During an employee trial an application does not do what the user expected. Which of the following is NOT pertinent to recording the problem thoroughly?
What the user did after the problem occurred
The telephone number called to report the problem
The time the incident occurred.
What the user did to cause the anomaly
Select the three factors that are all important for scaling VOD.
Number of titles, bandwidth between edges and subscribers, max number of simultaneous streams
Design contention rate, number of low memory settops, max number of simultaneous streams
Average number of subs per node, number of hours of caching storage, bandwidth between edges
and subscribers
Average number of subs per node, design contention rate, number of titles
Which of the following is NOT a value of a troubleshooting tips document?
It describes steps to take to load a new version of software
It helps you find the right place in the manual quickly
It describes steps to take to resolve a common problem
It helps people quickly identify the place to check when a common type of problem occurs
What is the most likely reason for a problem where the subscriber can only view analog and basic tier, unencrypted channels?
Entitlement Management Message has not been changed recently.
Entitlement Management Messages are not being sent back upstream.
Entitlement Management Messages are not being recognized at the set-top box.
Entitlement Management Messages are being received at the set-top box.
What is the most practical and reliable way to ensure that the transport stream
leaving the headend will be viewable on all MPEG compliant set-top boxes?
Use an MPEG analyzer to manually validate all of the transport streams leaving your headend.
Use a set-top box and a television monitor to decode the signal.
Use multiple set-top boxes to validate outgoing streams. Try to emulate the home environment of your customers using different set-top boxes from different vendors connected to a video screen.
Use an MPEG monitor to continually check the metrics described in SCTE 142 for all transport streams leaving your headend.
Which of the following is NOT a VOD standard?
ISA
NGOD
SCTE 97
SCTE 135
Which statement is false about the HEVC?
Encoding complexities are higher than AVC
PU is the basic unit for the transform and quantization processes
HEVC introduced tiles to support parallel processing
HEVC is not backward compatible with AVC
ISO/IEC 23008-2 is the standard for MPEG-H
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All of the following are considerations in allocating RF spectrum for a new service EXCEPT:
Total plant capacity
Current lineup
Future data services
Modulation type
Which of the following is the best example of objective video quality evaluation?
Equipment is used to quantify impairments in the video frames against pre-defined metrics.
Video frames that have been captured after passing through the network are compared to the same frame on the original video source.
Packet loss and packet delay are tracked against a preset threshold.
Viewers are asked to view the same program displayed on two separate monitors, and score which picture looks better.
A device that performs PCR /PTS restamping is ingesting MPEG streams with
SCTE 35 messages that must be passed downstream. Which of the following is an appropriate method for handling the PTS values for the programs?
The device should reset the pts_adjustment_field to zero.
The device should modify the pts_adjustment_field to account for the new PTS values.
The device should not make any modifications to the PTS values.
The device should decode these programs and splice in baseband.
Which of the following standards describes methods for subjective video quality assessment?
ETSI TS 101 154
CEA-608
ITU-R BT.709
ITU-R BT.500
Which of the following is NOT a consideration for service group design?
Digital controller
HD customers
New residential development
Digital penetration
In North America, MPEG-2 requires how many Program Clock References (PCRs) per second?
10
25
37
40
How does a Cable Card interface/interconnect with its Host?
DVI
ASI
HDMI
PCMCIA
What is the purpose of a trial that is conducted only in a headend?
Find out what are the subscribers favorite parts of the new service
Find out how many QAMs will be needed to deploy to all subscibers
Find out if product behaves the same in the field as in the test labs
Find out how well customer care can support the service
SCTE-142 categorizes error severities to allow filtering. Which of the following
would be an example of a CM error:
No PAT present in transport stream
Mismatch between actual PMT PID and PMT PID signaled in PAT
PMT cycle time of 400 ms
Mismatch between actual video PID and video PID signaled in PMT
Which of the following CableLabs specifications defines a profile for the next generation of middleware software?
VoD Content Specification 2.0 MD-SP-VOD-CONTENT2.0
VOD Asset Distribution Interface Specification 1.1 MD-SP-ADI1.1
Content Encoding Profile 2.0 specification MD-SP-VOD-CEP2.0
OCAP Specification 1.3.1 Profile OC-SP-OCAP 1.3.1
If a digital service's tuning and decoding metadata tags are incorrect, the receiver may receive the elements, but may also be unable to present them. What is the first step to troubleshoot this problem?
Reset the set-top box.
Compare the PIDs in the transport stream to those referenced in the PAT and PMT.
Check the MPEG-2 transport stream and verify that the PSIP metadata exists and is correct.
Try switching the set-top box to and from the secondary audio programming to relocate the metadata.
When executing an upgrade or service launch, it is helpful to have a timeline for all EXCEPT one of the following reasons:
To make sure that prior steps have been completed before proceeding
To tell if you won't get finished in a maintenance window
To tell you which equipment you will need to complete the job
To make sure everyone knows in what order things have to be done
Which of the following is NOT a result of using Switched Digital?
Effectively increasing the number of channels to the viewer
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Longer channel change time
Support for Picture-In-Picture
Additional control metadata flows
Which of the following CableLabs specifications defines how ADI compliant movies shall be compressed?
VoD Content Specification 2.0 MD-SP-VOD-CONTENT2.0
VOD Asset Distribution Interface Specification 1.1 MD-SP-ADI1.1
VoD Content Encoding Profile 2.0 specification MD-SP-VOD-CEP-2.0
OCAP Specification 1.3.1 Profile OC-SP-OCAP 1.3.1
This standard describes the method of transporting analog Vertical Blanking Interval (VBI) information in compressed digital television bitstreams that use the MPEG-2 Transport Stream format.
SCTE 125
SCTE 127
SCTE 128
SCTE 54
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Related Questions
solve all questions on Keyboard and all parts or will dislike answer
Even if the received modulated signal is distorted, it is relatively easier to decode when
A) using Analog modulation
B) using Digital modulation
TDMA is more flexible than FDMA in terms of resource allocation
A) true
B) False
Fill in the blanks choosing from one of the options shown below: Transmitting the same signal on separate frequencies is also known as ……………….. and using two or more antennas for reception is also known as ……………
a. (Frequency multiplexing , antenna multiplexing)
b. (Frequency diversity , antenna diversity )
c. (Spatial diversity , spatial multiplexing)
d) None of above
Which of the following is secure by design, i.e. security is built into the design itself.
b. CDMA
a. FDMA
c. TDMA
Point to point microwave links are an attractive way of setting up wireless backhaul links
A) TRUE
B) FALSE
arrow_forward
Pulse-code modulation (PCM) is the standard form of digital audio in computers, compact discs, digital telephony and other
digital audio applications. Figure 3 shows the 3bit PCM system that transmit the 250 kHz analog signal with the voltage range
from -6 mV to 6 mV.
i)
Identify the quantized value, voltage range and binary code for each level by building your own quantization table.
ii)
Calculate the minimum sampling rate and sampling time.
ii)
Identify the corresponding sampled voltage, the quantized voltage and binary code if the input signal is sampled at time
t1 = 2us, t2 = 4us, t3 = 6us, t4 = 8µs.
iv)
Sketch the output in (iii) if it is fed to Manchester coding line encoder with bit rate of 20000 bit/sec and amplitude of +4 V.
5
4
3
2
10
Timel(usec)
Figure 3
Amplitude (mV)
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No paper
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An analog signal is to be coded by an ADC. The signal contains significant frequencies
up to 900Hz. If the system is operated at a bit rate of 180kbps and each input sample is
quantized into 1024 levels, answer the following:
a) What must be the minimum sampling frequency to avoid aliasing?
samples/sec
b) What is the Nyquist rate?
c) What must be the number of bits per sample?
kHz
Hz
bits
d) If the sampling frequency is 10% above the Nyquist rate, what is the Nyquist
frequency?
arrow_forward
Answer in text format only!!
arrow_forward
(3) Five telemetry signals, each of bandwidth 1kHz, are to be transmitted
simultaneously by binary PCM. The maximum tolerable error in sample
amplitudes is 0.2% of the peak signal amplitude. The signals must be sampled at
least 20% over the Nyquist rate. Framing and synchronizing require an additional
0.5% extra bits. Determine the minimum possible data rate that must be
transmitted, and the minimum bandwidth required to transmit this signal.
arrow_forward
Related to communication system
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2) In an A-to-D process, what should be the sampling rate for a signal with maximum frequency of 16kHz ?
8000 samples per second.
16000 samples per second.
32000 samples per second.
64000 samples per second.
2)
6) A 6 kHz channel transmits a signal experiencing SNR of 15. What is the maximum Bit Rate of the channel??
24000bps.
12000bps.
6Kbps.
6000bps
arrow_forward
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