ECE 205 Lab 1

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University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign *

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205

Subject

Electrical Engineering

Date

Feb 20, 2024

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pdf

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3

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Drew Gura (ahgura2) Ravyn Edran (redran2) Orientation & Battery Challenge Statement of Purpose Many consumer electronic products use multiple AA or AAA batteries (remote controls, flashlights, smoke detectors, radios, etc.) When the device stops working, it is easy to assume that at least one of the batteries is no longer useful. However, how do we know which “one” is low? And what if anything can we say about the remaining “capacity” of the batteries? In this lab we are devising a simple means for testing small batteries, in both the open circuit voltage and the load voltage to test the internal resistance. Procedure First we will measure the open circuit voltage of the battery by attaching the ends to the multimeter and record it in Table 1. To find the internal resistance we will set up a circuit as shown in Figure 1. We will model the battery with a voltage source in series with an unknown resistance. Setting up a 47Ω resistor in series with the battery will allow us to combine the known and unknown resistor in series. The internal resistance is measured by 𝑅 𝑖?𝑡 = (𝑉 ?? − 𝑉 𝑙?𝑎? ) * 𝑅 𝑙?𝑎? 𝑉 𝑙?𝑎?
Drew Gura (ahgura2) Ravyn Edran (redran2) Figure 1: Circuit Setup Data Open Circuit Voltage (V) Under Load Voltage (V) Internal Resistance (Ω) Battery 1 (AA) 1.5173 1.5030 0.447 Battery 2 (AA) 1.5549 1.5330 0.671 Battery 3 (AA) 1.5858 1.5764 0.280 Table 1: Data table of results
Drew Gura (ahgura2) Ravyn Edran (redran2) Analysis & Conclusion 𝑅 𝑖?𝑡 = (𝑉 ?? − 𝑉 𝑙?𝑎? ) * 𝑅 𝑙?𝑎? 𝑉 𝑙?𝑎? (1.5173 − 1.5030) * 47 1.0530 = 0. 447 (1.5549 − 1.5330) * 47 1.5330 = 0. 671 (1.5858 − 1.5764) * 47 1.5764 = 0. 280 Through the performance of the experiment, we found that all three batteries were able to provide at least 1.5V. Even though it is a small sampling, we observed that the open-circuit voltages increased while the under-load voltages decreased. Additionally, the open-circuit measurements were more stable as they were easier to read. We had to switch out one of our batteries because the under-load voltage was too low and very unstable. All of the internal resistances were extremely low compared to the resistance of the load resistor. This tells us that the batteries have significant capacity remaining. If an individual battery in a system was low, each one could be tested in this method and whichever has significant internal resistance would be considered dead.
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