5CL Lab 4 Assignment bench 3

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University of California, Los Angeles *

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5C

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Electrical Engineering

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Feb 20, 2024

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pdf

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5

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Activity 1: Draw the circuit diagram for your simple circuit of a light bulb and a power supply. Label all circuit elements along with the voltage and current measurements made. Show how you set up the voltmeter to measure the voltage drop across the light bulb (resistor). Show how you set up the current meter (ammeter) to measure the current in the circuit through the light bulb. Provide evidence that the voltage drops across ALL elements in your circuit sum to zero. 2 To measure the voltage, we connected the red lead to the positive end of the battery and the black lead to the negative end. The voltage measured was around 3.24 V. We know that the voltage drops across all elements in the circuit sum to 0 because the voltage measured across the battery is equal and opposite to the voltage across the lightbulb. To measure the current, we attached the red and black leads in front of the lightbulb, detaching one part of the circuit. The current running through was 0.528A.
Activity 2: Draw the circuit diagram for your light bulbs in the series circuit. Label all circuit elements along with voltage and current measurements. With the bulbs in series, how much current flows through the bulbs compared to the current flowing through the power supply? Show how you set up your multimeters to make your measurements. Provide evidence that current is conserved through the elements in your circuit. 3 The voltage across one light bulb was 1.65 V. which agrees with what we know about resistors in series where R1 + R1 = Req. With the bulbs in series, the same amount of current flows through the bults compared to the current flowing through the power supply since the current in should be equal to the current out. When measuring current, we saw that it was equal to 0.376A. We know that current is conserved through the elements of the circuit because with measuring current at any point through connecting the leads at different points in the circuit, the current stays the same.
Activity 3: Draw the circuit diagram for your light bulbs in the parallel circuit. Label all circuit elements along with voltage and current measurements. With the bulbs in parallel, how much current flows through each bulb compared to the current flowing through the power supply? Show how you set up your multimeters to make your measurements. Provide evidence that current is conserved through the elements in your circuit. 4 With the bulbs in parallel, the current flowing through each bulb is half of the current flowing through the power supply, as when the bulbs are in parallel, the total current splits between the two bulbs. The measured current was 1.016. Overall in the circuit however the total current is conserved as according to Kirchoff’s law. V = 3.15 A = 1.016
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Activity 3: In your parallel circuit, there are 3 loops. Draw each of these loops and label their voltage and current measurements. In each loop, show that the voltages of all elements sum to zero. 5 Vbat = V1 = V2 since the resistors are in parallel. According to Kirchoff’s law, A = B and A-B = 0 which is proven as V1- V2 = 0.
Compare the voltage drops on the lightbulbs in parallel to those for the light bulbs in series. Compare the brightness of the lightbulbs in the series circuit to the brightness of the lightbulbs in the parallel circuit. Bulb brightness is proportional to power (P = IV) through the bulb. Which configuration (series or parallel) consumes more power, and which configuration is robust to one of the bulbs breaking? How would you like your car headlights to be wired? How would you wire up a city or town and why? 6 The lightbulbs in a parallel circuit is brighter than the lightbulbs in a series circuit. The parallel circuit consumes more power and thus would be more robust to one of the bulbs breaking. In parallel we see that the voltage is 3.15 V compared to the voltage in the series which is 1.65 V. Thus there is a bigger voltage drop in a series circuit. We would like my car headlights to be wired in a series circuit because we do not want one of our headlights bulbs to break. We would wire up a city parallel because we would like to see the city and parallel provides more light.