AC Oscilloscope Fundamentals Lab 1 Report

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Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad *

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EE 335

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Electrical Engineering

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Nov 24, 2024

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P a g e | 1 University of Hartford – ECE Department Lab 1 – AC Oscilloscope Fundamentals by [Insert Student Name] [Insert Lab Partners Name] to [Insert Lab Instructors Name] Lab Completion Date: Lab Submission Date:

P a g e | 2 Objective The main objective of this lab is to understand the working of an oscilloscope by taking different measurements including VOLTS/DIV, Number of Divisions, Oscilloscope Voltage and MM Voltage by connecting the series resistor circuit with power supply, function generator and an oscilloscope. The other objective of this lab is to compare the calculated and measured observations. Furthermore, we will explain the four major groups of controls on the oscilloscope and measure ac and dc voltages using an oscilloscope. Data Figure 1: Vertical Coupling at GND position and the ground reference level near the bottom Figure 2: Power Supply Setting 1.0 V, 0.2 VOLTS/DIV

P a g e | 3 Figure 3: Power Supply Setting 2.5 V, 0.5 VOLTS/DIV Figure 4: Power Supply Setting 4.5 V, 1.0 VOLTS/DIV Figure 5: Power Supply Setting 8.3 V, 2.0 VOLTS/DIV DC Voltage VOLTS/DIV Number of Oscilloscope MM Voltage

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P a g e | 4 Divisions Voltage 1.0Vdc 500mV 2 1.0V 1.0V 1.5Vdc 500mV 3 1.5V 1.522V 2.2Vdc 2000mV 1 2.0V 2.21V 3.0Vdc 1000mV 3 3.0V 3.02V 5.5Vdc 5000mV 1 5.0V 5.53V 7.5Vdc 2000mV 4 8.0V 7.50V Table 1.1 DCrms Voltage VOLTS/DIV Number of Divisions Peak-to-Peak Voltage Multimeter Measured Voltage 1.0Vrms 500mV 5.6 2.8Vpp 1.0Vrms 1.5Vrms 1000mV 4.6 4.46Vpp 1.516Vrms 2.0Vrms 1000mV 5.83 5.83Vpp 2.00Vrms 2.8Vrms 1000mV 8.2 8.20Vpp 2.82Vrms 3.5Vrms 2000mV 5.15 10.3Vpp 3.50Vrms 4.4Vrms 2000mV 6.45 12.9Vpp 4.41Vrms Table 1.2 Figure 6: Function Generator Amplitude 1.0 Vrms, 0.5 VOLTS/DIV

P a g e | 5 Figure 7: Function Generator Amplitude 2.2 Vrms, 1.0 VOLTS/DIV Figure 8: Function Generator Amplitude 3.7 Vrms, 2.0 VOLTS/DIV Figure 9: Function Generator Amplitude 4.8 Vrms, 5.0 VOLTS/DIV

P a g e | 6 Function Generator Frequency (Hz) Oscilloscope SEC/DIV Number of Divisions Measured Period Computed Period 1kHz 0.2ms 5 1ms 1ms 2kHz 0.1ms 5 0.5ms 0.5ms 25kHz 0.01s 4 0.04ms 0.04ms 65kHz 0.005s 3 0.015ms 0.0153 180kHz 0.001s 5.6 0.0056s 0.00556 450kHz 0.0005 4.4 0.0022s 0.00222 Table 1.3 Source Voltage Voltage across R1 Voltage across R2 Measured 12.7Vpp 8.00V 6.10V Computed 1.0Vpp 4.76V 7.94V Table 1.4 Analysis The measured dc voltages for each case can be analyzed from the Agilent multimeter and the display section of the Agilent oscilloscope. Moreover, the measured peak-to-peak ac voltages for each case can be analyzed from the display section of the Agilent oscilloscope. The measured dc voltages from the Agilent multimeter and Agilent oscilloscope agree with the used power supply settings and the difference between them is less than 3%. VOLTS/DIV was selected on the basis so that we can have several divisions of deflection on the screen. Number of divisions of deflection was calculated by dividing the measured voltage with selected VOLTS/DIV. The measured peak-to-peak and rms ac voltages from the Agilent oscilloscope agree with the used function generator amplitude settings and the difference between them is less than 3%. VOLTS/DIV was selected on the basis so that we can have several divisions of deflection on the screen. Peak-to-peak voltage can be calculated by multiplying 2.6 divisions from peak-to-peak with VOLTS/DIV setting adjusted to 2.0V/DIV i.e., Peak-to-peak voltage = 2.6*2 = 5.2V DCrms Voltage = 0.35355*5.2 = 1.828V It was observed that the Table 1.2 satisfied Kirchhoff’s voltage law because the sum of voltages across two resistors is equal to the total supplied voltage.

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P a g e | 7 The period of the sinewave can be calculated by multiplying the 4.5 Divisions with SEC/DIV setting of 25ms/DIV i.e., Period = 4.5 Divisions * 25ms/DIV = 11.25ms Frequency = 1/Period = 1/11.25ms = 88.88Hz The given frequency is 20kHz. The time period will be 1/20kHz = 0.05ms. Now, a single oscillation of a sine wave with a time period of 0.05ms needs to be displayed in 5 divisions on the oscilloscope. We will divide the time period with 5 divisions i.e., SEC/DIV control = 0.05ms/5 = 0.01ms/DIV. Conclusion This lab was performed to understand the working of an oscilloscope by taking different measurements including VOLTS/DIV, Number of Divisions, Oscilloscope Voltage and MM Voltage by connecting the series resistor circuit with power supply, function generator and an oscilloscope. We also compared the calculated and measured observations. The dc voltages, peak-to-peak and rms ac voltages for each case were included in the tabular form in the data section of the report. The measured values agreed with the theoretical values and the difference between them was less than 3%. The necessary screenshots to justify the measured results are included in the data section of the lab report.