Lab 4

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University of Toronto *

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Computer Science

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Dec 6, 2023

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Condition Mean RT (ms) Low Complexity 244.4 Medium Complexity 274.9 High Complexity 315.0 Questions 1) Did your data show a response complexity effect? Explain your answer. (2 marks) Yes, the data did show a response complexity effect. There is an obvious correlation of increasing mean reaction time (RT) with increasing condition complexity. This reflects the response complexity effect, which essentially states that the simplest task will have the lowest RT and the more complex task will have higher RT. 2) Explain how response complexity changed from: (a) the low complexity movement to the medium complexity movement Response complexity increased from the low complexity movement to the medium complexity movement through an increased number of tasks; clicking the “s” key once vs four times. (b) the medium complexity movement to the high complexity movement (i.e., what was different about each movement pattern that made the patterns more or less complex?) (2 marks) Response complexity increased from the medium complexity movement to the high complexity movement by varying the keys required to be pressed. While the medium complexity movement required four clicks of the same key, the high complexity movement required a single click of four different keys. 3) Why was it important to keep the “go” stimulus identical across the tasks? (1 mark) The type of stimulus also plays a role in RT, thus keeping the same “go” stimulus ensures that the stimulus is a controlled variable and does not influence reaction time. 4) Why was it important to use a simple reaction time task in which the actor knew exactly what movement was to be executed after the “go” signal? (1 mark) The purpose of the lab is to understand how movement complexity affects RT, particularly in regards to motor programming. It is important to use a simple reaction time task because a motor program is a pre-structured plan. If the actor did not know what movement was to be executed after the “go” signal, then the lab would fail to isolate the mechanism of motor programming and thus fail its objective. 5) Why was it important to only include the RTs for the FIRST response in the sequence of

medium and high complexity movements in your calculation of mean RT? (1 mark) Because the RTs for the first response represents the actual RT to the stimulus. The following keystrokes are only part of the lab to increase the complexity of the task and are only indicative of how fast the actor can press keys in succession. They are overall irrelevant to the purpose of the lab. 6) What stage of information processing was affected by the increase in response complexity? Explain why you think this stage of information processing rather than other stages was affected by response complexity in the current task. Briefly outline the explanation given by Henry and Rogers for longer RTs as response complexity increased, and how this finding supports the hypothesis that pre-planned motor programs form the basis of voluntary movement. (3 marks) Response programming. Since the “go” stimulus was the same for all conditions, the other stages of stimulus identification and response selection are unaffected; the stimulus is the same and the response is “go”. Increased response complexity would then only affect the response programming stage as now the actor has to “program” a more complex response. The notion of a pre-planned motor program forming the basis of voluntary movement is supported by the explanation given by Henry and Rogers, stating that a more complex movement has a more complex motor program, thus if it is true that pre-planned motor programs form the basis of voluntary movement, then more complex movements will have longer RTs compared to less complex movem

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