FPSY6520-WK3Assgn_ward_b-

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Running Head: COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES 1 WK3: Communication Strategies Brenda Ward FPSY-6520 – Psychology In The Courts Dr. Christopher Bass December 17, 2023

COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES 2 COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES As a mental health therapist, my insights into the communication strategies observed in criminal and civil trials provide a unique perspective on the dynamics of courtroom interactions. The paper offers relevant information on how communication strategies contribute to practical courtroom proceedings. Specifically, we will explore the significance of impression management, persuasion skills, credibility, dress style, powerful speech, and reflections based on careful listening in influencing perceptions, building credibility, and presenting compelling arguments. In the context of legal proceedings, communication strategies are paramount, and the utilization of various techniques by legal professionals is essential. Attorneys, both in criminal and civil trials, employ impression management through body language, tone of voice, and non- verbal cues to positively impact the judge and jury (Brodsky, 2004). Positive impression management is highlighted for its potential influence on the credibility and likability of legal professionals (Siers & Kramer, 2009). Similarly, persuasive language, compelling arguments, and practical evidence presentation are crucial for swaying opinions and achieving desired outcomes in legal proceedings (Brodsky, 2004; Tait, n.d.). Appearing credible is achieved through presenting well-researched facts, maintaining composure, and demonstrating knowledge, which is essential for gaining trust from the court (Brodsky, 2004; Siers & Kramer, 2009). The style of dress, exemplified by the formal attire worn by legal professionals, contributes to conveying professionalism and respect for the court, enhancing perceived competence (Leathers, 1997). Powerful speech, characterized by confident and articulate delivery, is noted for its ability to engage the audience, enhance persuasiveness, and leave a lasting impression on the judge and jury (Brodsky, 2004; Siers & Kramer, 2009). Furthermore, when attorneys carefully consider

COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES 3 opposing counsel's key points, reflective listening demonstrates active engagement and contributes to more informed legal arguments (Tait, n.d.). Switching focus to witness communication during cross-examination, verbal communication is vital. Witnesses must prioritize clarity and precision to avoid misinterpretation, maintain consistency for credibility, and express emotions appropriately to connect with the judge and jury (Brodsky, 2004; Writing and communicating for criminal justice, 2007; Tait, n.d.). Nonverbal communication, including body language, eye contact, and demeanor, significantly impacts how witness testimony is received, with open and confident body language enhancing credibility (Leathers, 1997). Managing stress and anxiety involves controlled breathing and voice modulation, contributing to the witness's focus and the depth of their testimony (Brodsky, 2004; Writing and communicating for criminal justice, 2007). Active listening skills, demonstrated by carefully attending to questions before responding, ensure accurate responses and positively reflect the witness's attentiveness (Leathers, 1997). Additionally, handling cross-examination challenges with non-defensive responses and maintaining composure contributes to the witness's effectiveness, preventing exploitation of vulnerabilities by opposing counsel (Writing and communicating for criminal justice, 2007). Communication Strategies in Legal Proceedings Impression Management For example , Attorneys utilize body language, tone of voice, and non-verbal cues to create a favorable impression on the judge and jury (Brodsky, 2004). Effectiveness: Positive impression management influences perceptions, potentially impacting the credibility and likability of legal professionals (Siers & Kramer, 2009). Persuasion Skills For example , Lawyers employ persuasive language, compelling arguments, and effective use of evidence to convince the judge or jury (Brodsky, 2004).

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COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES 4 Effectiveness: Persuasion skills play a crucial role in swaying opinions, influencing decisions, and achieving the desired outcome in criminal and civil trials (Tait, n.d.). Appearing Credible Example: Presenting well-researched facts, maintaining a calm demeanor, and demonstrating knowledge contribute to appearing credible (Brodsky, 2004). Effectiveness: Credibility is essential for gaining trust and credibility from the court, impacting the overall success of legal proceedings (Siers & Kramer, 2009). Style of Dress Example: Legal professionals often wear formal attire, such as suits, to convey professionalism and respect for the court (Brodsky, 2004). Effectiveness: A polished appearance enhances the perceived competence and seriousness of the legal professionals involved (Leathers, 1997) Powerful Speech Example: Lawyers use confident and articulate speech to command attention and convey the strength of their arguments (Brodsky, 2004). Effectiveness: Powerful speech engages the audience, enhances the message's persuasiveness, and leaves a lasting impression on the judge and jury (Siers & Kramer, 2009). Reflections Based on Careful and Accurate Listening For example, Attorneys reflect on key points made by opposing counsel, demonstrating active listening and responding thoughtfully (Brodsky, 2004). Effectiveness: Reflective listening shows respect for the opposing side, enhances understanding, and contributes to a more informed and nuanced legal argument (Tait, n.d.). In summary, effective communication strategies, both verbal and nonverbal, are integral to courtroom proceedings, influencing perceptions, building credibility, and presenting compelling arguments. These strategies, exemplified by various examples, contribute to the success of criminal and civil trials. The comprehensive analysis includes references to authoritative sources, including Brodsky (2004), Siers & Kramer (2009), Tait (n.d.), Leathers (1997), and Writing and Communicating for Criminal Justice (2007).

COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES 5 Reference Brodsky, S.L. (2004). Coping with cross-examination and other pathways to effective testimony. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Leathers, D. G. (1997). Successful nonverbal communication (3rd ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Siers, D. & Kramer, R. (2009 ). Effective Communication in the Courtroom . Executive Presentations. http://www.executivepresentations.com/press/articles/communication_01.asp Tait, K. (n.d.). Effective Courtroom Communication: Improving Credibility, Comprehension and Compliance in cases Involving Self-Represented Litigants . University of Nevada, Reno. URL: http://www.courts.ca.gov/partners/documents/EffectiveCourtroomComm.pdf testimony. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Writing and communicating for criminal justice . (2007). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.

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