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School
Ball State University *
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Course
609
Subject
Communications
Date
Apr 3, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
3
Uploaded by DukeProtonLark33
1.
Anna is a 12-year-old girl with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder and a mild intellectual disability. She often has multiple, quick tantrums when she is out in public that include screaming and self-injurious behavior. During an interview, her mother reported that she wants to decrease Anna’s tantrums.
For this scenario, the target behavior would be decreasing Anna’s tantrums. The operational definition of tantrums for Anna would be any vocalization above normal conversational level and/or any instance where Anna engages in the following self-
injurious behaviors: pinching, biting, or scratching herself with enough force to leave one or more marks.
Pinching: using the thumb and index finger to grab skin with force to leave a mark or marks
Biting: using teeth to make contact with any part of the body with enough force to leave a mark or marks
Scratching: digging fingernails into the skin on any part of the body and moving them across the surface, leaving a mark or marks
An example of a tantrum for Anna would be screaming and scratching her arms, leaving a mark or marks. A non-example of the behavior would be screaming out due to an injury or biting fingernails. The method of data collection for this scenario is frequency. Frequency was chosen because the parent stated that the tantrums were short and quick. The parent wants to decrease the frequency of tantrums. To decide if the tantrums are decreasing, the observer needs to measure the frequency in which they are occurring by using baseline data from observation.
2.
Rupert is a 30-year-old man with a diagnosis of Williams’s Syndrome that works at a local department store stocking shelves. The store manager reports that Rupert sometimes stops stocking shelves and has a hard time getting back on track, even when prompted, resulting in other stock people having to do double the amount of work. The manager reports that he would like Rupert to be better at stocking shelves in a timely manner to avoid other employee outrage. The target behavior for Rupert would be to increase the amount of time spent on task (stocking shelves). The operational definition of on task behavior for Rupert would be the amount of time spent stocking shelves without distraction within a ten-minute period. Distractions include looking around the room, playing with items, and talking to others. An example of on task behavior would be Rupert continuously stocking shelves for ten minutes. A non-example would be Rupert looking around the room for the items
he is supposed to stock or asking questions about which area he is supposed to stock. The method of data collection for this scenario is duration. The manager wants to increase Rupert’s productivity and measuring how much time is spent on task will be the
best method to see whether productivity is increasing. 3.
Manny is a 6-year-old boy with a traumatic brain injury which resulted in an intellectual disability. In his preschool class, he often refuses to engage with other children. The teacher reports his outbursts include swiping items off of his desk and/or throwing them
around the classroom. His teacher would like to help Manny interact with other children
more, in hopes to reduce his outbursts.
The target behavior for Manny is increasing social interaction with peers. The operational definition of social interaction for Manny would be engaging in reciprocal play with a peer or peers. Reciprocal play is engagement in activities with a peer or peers which may include toys or other items used in the manner for which they were intended. An example of social interaction for Manny would be coloring at a table with
peers while engaging in conversation. A non-example of social interaction for Manny would be walking up to peers that are building a tower with blocks and knocking the blocks over. The data collection method used should be whole-interval recording, so that the observer can see whether social interaction occurred over a brief period (e.g., two minutes). Whole-interval recording is important because it will show if social interaction is increasing.
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