A202SAM Effective Communication Skills 2
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Running head: A202SAM EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION SKILLS 2
1
A202SAM EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION SKILLS 2
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A202SAM EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION SKILLS 2
2
A202SAM Effective Communication Skills 2
Coursework One (LO1 and LO2)
The following case study is an outline of a miscommunication scenario that occurred
between myself and Rio, a Chinese co-worker. My task, as a marketing manager, was to
discuss important details of a marketing campaign with Rio. Rio is an inherent Chinese speaker
with professional marketing skills. He has gained immense exposure working with different
individuals across the world. However, despite this exposure, Rio lacks significant
communication skills.
The main concern occurred when we were pointing out the significance of the project
and I suggested that we could make a few amendments. My intention was to improve the
relevance of the project to make it more successful. Although Rio listened carefully to my
suggestions, he only responded by nodding. Rio did not provide further details or opinions to
show his approval or rejection of the proposal. I became unsatisfied with his lack of engagement
because I was expecting to have a thorough scrutiny of what our project will entail.
As a result, I requested another meeting with Rio the following day to raise these
concerns. He appeared frustrated with my reaction. He expressed that in Chinese culture,
nodding the head is not a definitive answer. Also, a “yes” is not a sign that you agree with
someone. Rio added that it is unusual in Chinese culture for a person to directly disagree with
something. Observing and maintaining relationships is one of the critical ways that enhance
effective communication (Gamble & Gamble, 2013). Therefore, Rio’s silence did not reflect his
lack of engagement with me.
Clearly, the miscommunication between Rio and me is connected to different reasons,
including disparities in cultural prospects and styles. Western cultures allow individuals to
express themselves directly and reasonably. On the contrary, communication in Chinese culture
is more reserved and incidental. This is a problem that often leads to misinterpretations because
the recipient may have a diverse perception regarding the lack of engagement and consider it
as a disagreement (Nishimura et al., 2008). Another concern was our diverse expectations
about how to participate and engage in discussions. Western cultures invite active engagement
and participation in discussions. The Chinese culture encourages observation and listening
before engaging in a discussion. While this is a good idea, more often than not, recipients tend
to have a wrong interpretation of the sender’s lack of participation. The use of non-verbal cues
when communicating also contributed to ineffective communication between Rio and me. The
Chinese culture allows the use of non-verbal cues but in a more subtle and reserved manner.
A202SAM EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION SKILLS 2
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This is contrary to the Western cultures that allow the use of facial expressions and gestures to
stress opinions or emphasize an idea (Van Dyne et al., 2012).
From the concept of cultural dimensions theory, it is possible to understand the lack of
effective communication between Rio and I. Hofstede’s cultural dimensions or values offer a
framework whereby sociologists can explain the cultural effects on the values of members and
how the values connect with individual behaviours in a specific culture (Schooler & Hofstede,
1983). According to this theory, different cultures tend to have specific styles of communicating
based on their beliefs and values (Merkin, 2000). As a result, this influences how they interact
and associate with others. The cultural disparities between Rio and I led to communication
differences, which ultimately led to a communication breakdown.
Another important concept can be derived from Hall’s context theory, which provides that
different cultures behave and communicate differently (Hall, 2017). This theory suggests that
individuals from low-context cultures communicate explicitly while those from high-context
cultures communicate implicitly. Western cultures are usually low-context, which signifies their
explicit communication style. However, Chinese culture is high-context, implying that their
communication is implicit through verbal cues. The disparities in our styles of communication
created misunderstandings because I was not able to interpret the supposed message as
conveyed by Rio.
Different communication strategies can be used to help acquire a better comprehension
in the future and eliminate the cultural disparities mentioned above. One of the strategies is
creating a rapport that enhances the trust and understanding of the involved parties. This idea is
critical in intercultural communication and could be achieved if individuals show an open interest
in understanding the values, beliefs, and culture of the other person (Macintosh, 2009). More
so, individuals need to be aware of the cultural values and norms of other people.
Comprehending these values and norms is significant in avoiding misunderstandings. This
strategy can be achieved if individuals research the culture and seek feedback from their
concerned culture (Ramirez Marin et al., 2019). Being aware of the non-verbal cues used by
others is another strategy that can help increase understanding between individuals. Paying
attention to non-verbal expressions such as tonal variation, gestures, and facial cues can help
convey the intended meaning in different cultures (Phutela, 2015). If individuals are mindful of
such cues, it is possible to eliminate misunderstandings. Additionally, individuals need to
employ active listening as a catalyst to increase communication. Rather than concentrating on
their expectations, individuals could pay attention to the reaction shown in response to their
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