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1 Correctional System Amanda Bethel University of Phoenix CJA/356 Lawrence Hess 10/11/2022

2 Correctional System The correctional system in the U.S is facing a lot of organizational issues. With almost 2.1 million people in prison, challenges are expected to arise. It is crucial to note that the workforce of the corrections system forms its backbone. The system relies on professional operations, trained and qualified personnel, and the effectiveness of the staff members. Failure of any of the mentioned would result in catastrophic consequences, which may be challenging to remedy. The corrections system is thus undergoing many organizational issues, some of which includes: communication, lack of cooperation, and employee turnover. Communication The Correctional system is facing many challenges related to communication. Communication remains a key factor between the leadership of the corrections department and between inmates and the rest of society. Communication makes correctional facilities safer, reduces recidivism, and increases the ability of inmates to be integrated successfully into society. The challenge, however, comes in as a result of poor communication. Law enforcement personnel have been accused of racist statements, racism, and lack of effective communication procedures. Therefore, the correctional facilities' role is to ensure that the officers and the personnel working under them are properly trained on effective communication. Lack of Cooperation Cooperation within the correctional system has been missing and a problem that has persisted for a long time. Cooperation between the police officers and the leadership of an organization is often missing. Lack of cooperation has led to ineffectiveness in the organization. Every individual works to promote their welfare and not the welfare of those in correctional

3 facilities. There is also a lack of cooperation between the top leadership of the correctional system department and the lower-level leadership. Employee Turnover The issue of high employee turnover isn't new in the correctional system. Between 2016 and 2018, for example, 10% of prison employees were reported to have been lost by the prisons, according to the Bureau of Prisons (Kaufman, 2019). At the same time, the number of federal prisoners was reduced by 5%. The Correctional System department thus faces the challenge of low retention, poor prison facilities management, and a shortage of guards. The challenge of employee turnover is also causing understaffing, which has immediate consequences for correctional facilities. How Issues and Challenges affect the Structure and Systems of Correctional System The organizational issues and challenges affecting the Correctional System can lead to burnout. Burnout leads to higher rates of turnover, absenteeism, and poor work performance. This impacts the remaining workforce by increasing mandatory overtime, causing low morale, and a loss of expertise. Culture and Gender Challenges at the Leadership Level The corrections department has had to deal with cultural and gender challenges within the system at the leadership level to help provide solutions and offer proper care and treatment to the inmates. Some challenges that relate to gender in corrections systems include discriminatory procedures, criminal laws, and the lack of gender diversity among the professionals within the system. The Correction Systems department has thus had to develop measures that promote equal gender representation within the prisons and correctional facilities. The penitentiary system has had to come up with culturally responsive skills to be able to deal with the issues of cultural

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4 discrimination that are experienced in prisons. The leaders have had to be trained on cultural competence as it is crucial in reducing disparities in behavioral health in prisons. Cultural competence in correctional systems has also improved the organization's sustainability through the diversity of value reinforcement and offering responsive and flexible services to meet the needs of the offenders. Leaders within the organization have also had to integrate culturally appropriate understanding, knowledge, and attitudes into the actions of the offenders (Wymore & Raber, 2021). The correctional systems have also had to train personnel on cultural diversity to ensure that the leadership is sensitive to people of diverse races and ethnic groups with the ability to avoid racial profiling. By 2020, the prison population statistics showed that 47.7% of the prisoners were white. Blacks were 35.1%, Hispanic 14.9%, and American Indians were 1.2% (Cornelius, 2022). The statistics thus show a need to embrace cultural diversity to help the prison population and prevent discrimination in such prisons. Recommendations According to relational leadership philosophy, care and respect are important while forming relationships. On the other hand, communication requires leaders to embrace a relational leadership style to try ways to better the correctional system. To solve the communication issue in the correctional systems, several approaches need to be adopted. The leadership of the correctional facilities should be able to train the stakeholders within the system on effective communication methods. The organization should also be able to provide a framework in which all levels and types of communication are defined. The employees such as law enforcement officers should be taught about the relevance of communication. Distributed leadership philosophy can bridge the gap experienced in correctional facilities. Distributed leadership philosophy encourages trust and support for one another

5 (Zuckerman & O'Shea, 2020). One of the recommendations that would aid in solving the lack of cooperation is encouraging employees within the correctional system to embrace teamwork. It is also advisable to provide the correctional system employees with resources to work together. The challenge of high employee turnover can be resolved by applying the right procedures and processes, especially at the stage of employee recruitment. To prevent the high employee turnover rate in correctional system organizations, the system should prioritize the welfare of the employees. Factors such as employee satisfaction and compensation shouldn't be why some employees leave the workplace. The correctional system department should encourage servant leadership philosophy that prioritizes the welfare of the prisoners. Conclusion In summation, the correctional system organization has a role in ensuring that society is safe from criminals and those disobeying the law. It is, however, necessary to address the issues affecting the correctional system to be able to achieve the goal of the system. The penitentiary system should be able to come up with measures to address cultural and gender challenges. Cultural competence should be emphasized, and the system promotes gender fairness procedures.

6 References Cornelius, G. (2022, June 28). Cultural diversity training in corrections: Time for a new perspective . Corrections1. https://www.corrections1.com/corrections-training/articles/ cultural-diversity-training-in-corrections-time-for-a-new-perspective- AEYAAQz1yRscKXlM/ Kaufman, C. (2019, December 18). Solutions to a national problem: Correctional officer turnover in the U.S . Policy Perspectives. https://policy-perspectives.org/2019/12/18/solutions-to-a-national-problem- correctional-officer-turnover-in-the-u-s/ Wymore, D., & Raber, T. (2021, August 28). 8: Managing culturally diverse and specific populations in correctional settings . Workforce LibreTexts. https://workforce.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Corrections/ Community_and_the_Justice_System_(Wymore_and_Raber)/ 08%3A_Managing_Culturally_Diverse_and_Specific_Populations_in_Correctional_Setti ngs Zuckerman, S. J., & O'Shea, C. (2021). Principals' schema: Leadership philosophies and instructional leadership. Journal of School Leadership , 31 (4), 274-296.

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