CE203Lab Assignment 11

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Feb 20, 2024

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Zackery Mitchell 1 CE 203 – Principles and Practice of Geomatics Spring 2023 LYLES SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Lab 11: Position and Height Determination with Total Station Due date: 7 days after your lab session (See Brightspace, 150 pts) 1. Objectives This assignment aims to practice the methods to determine two-dimensional (horizontal) coordinates of locations and above-ground height of targets by using a total station. The resection and/or intersection methods will be applied. Understanding the possible sources of errors in the applied procedure is important to minimize the mistakes in the fieldwork and to achieve accurate measurements. 2. Assessment This lab will be used to assess ABET Student Outcome 1: an ability to identify, formulate, and solve complex engineering problems by applying principles of engineering, science, and mathematics. ABET Definition of Complex Engineering Problems: Complex engineering problems include one or more of the following characteristics: involving wide-ranging or conflicting technical issues, having no obvious solution, addressing problems not encompassed by current standards and codes, involving diverse groups of stakeholders, including many component parts or sub-problems, involving multiple disciplines, or having significant consequences in a range of contexts. 3. Tasks 1) Based on the provided benchmark (control) points determine the position (horizontal coordinates) of three (3) pre-marked points (H, C, G). The errors in coordinate calculation should not exceed 4.88 cm (0.16 ft). The procedure is included in the Appendix bellow. ( 50 pts )

Zackery Mitchell 2

Zackery Mitchell 3 2) Determine the above-ground height of the following buildings. Make sure you include a picture of the target of the building you measured. ( 30 pts ) a) Heine (Robert E.) Pharmacy Building b) Delon and Elizabeth Hampton Hall of Civil Engineering

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Zackery Mitchell 4 c) Johnson Hall of Nursing d) Schleman Hall of Student Services

Zackery Mitchell 5 3) The results should be summarized by using two tables: • Table 1: Point ID, coordinates (E, N).

Zackery Mitchell 6 • Table 2: Building Name, height. All obtained points should be uploaded to ArcGIS Pro and visualized with proper image as the background. ( 10 pts ) 4) Take note of the angles and distances while you are surveying. Apply related math to calculate the point coordinates and building heights. List your formulas and calculation procedure. All calculation steps should be included in the report. Submissions without detailed calculations will not receive points for this question. ( 40 pts ) 5) Discuss the potential causes of the discrepancies in your measurements and suggest an optimal procedure and improvement. ( 20 pts ) Potential causes for discrepancies in my measurements include negligent leveling, improper instrument aim towards suggested points, and a change in tripod height between each measurement. The suggestion of keeping everything the exact same between measurements, a TA check of proper leveling, and a suggested point of aim for each measurement would reduce these discrepancies.

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Zackery Mitchell 7 4. Appendix 1) Equipment: • Total Station (with tripod) • Reflector (with pole) • Surveyors field book • Measuring tape Fig. 1. Total Station 2) Work area and data Coordinates of the reference control points, SPCS IN West NAD83 FIPS 1302 ( Meters ). Station E (m) N (m) A 914285.994 575202.155 B 914301.097 575223.754 D 914268.413 575255.034 E 914257.913 575250.085 F 914248.21 575241.376

Zackery Mitchell 8 3) Procedure for determining point coordinates a) Select a point from A, B, D, E, F with known coordinates. (Known coordinates given in Table). Set up and level the total station over that point. Arrange tripod legs so your point is visible from other points. b) Select your new point to be determined with unknown coordinates. (H, C, G) c) Backsight any of the A, B, D, E, F (omitting the one you are occupying) points. Use a pencil on the back sighted point as the target. Record only the horizontal direction (or set to zero). d) Swing telescope clockwise and point at the target at your chosen point with unknown coordinates (TA’s will have set up a tripod with target/reflector on unknown coordinates. You may have to rotate the target/reflector to face your instrument. e) Record the horizontal direction or angle and the horizontal distance to the point. f) Using the computed backsight azimuth, the measured horizontal angle and horizontal distance, calculate the coordinates of the new point. g) Go back to Step a). Occupy a new known point, and repeat the above steps, but observe the SAME point (with unknown coordinates) as before. h) You should now have two (2) independent determinations of the new point. If they are within 5 cm of each other, then average the coordinate values. i) To increase the redundancy, the same procedure can be conducted using each of the control points to get up to 7 independent determinations of the new point. j) Repeat the same steps to find coordinates for two more points with unknown coordinates.

Zackery Mitchell 9 4) Procedure for determining the above-ground height of a building a) Select a location to set up your total station. The location should allow you to target the highest point of the building. b) Set up and level the total station. c) Measure the height of the instrument. d) Target the highest point of the building and record the vertical angle. e) Using EDM record the horizontal distance to the building. f) Repeat the procedure to find the above-ground height of other buildings.

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