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Jan 9, 2024

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Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university W2019 practice General Chemistry: Change and Equilibrium (University of Calgary) Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university W2019 practice General Chemistry: Change and Equilibrium (University of Calgary) Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
THE UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY FACULTY OF SCIENCE Chemistry 203 (Winter 2019) Modified Practice exam There are 12 double-sided pages in this exam including this cover page and the 2 formula/data sheets. Please check that you have all pages. Practice exam adapted primarily from W19 exam Time Allotted: 3 hours FIRST NAME: LAST NAME: Circle your lecture section L01 MWF 1:00 PM Dr. Yuen-ying Carpenter L02 MWF 2:00 PM Dr. Bronwen Wheatley L03 TuTh 9:30 AM Dr. Bronwen Wheatley This is a closed-book examination. The use of resources including cameras, audio players and headphones, or wireless access devices such as cell phones, Blackberries, etc., during the examination will not be allowed. Only non-programmable calculators are permitted. A formula sheet and a data sheet are provided on the last two pages of the exam. This exam consists of: 17 single-answer multiple choice questions (total 34 marks) 6 mixed-multiple choice scenarios (total 27 marks) 3 written answer question (total 17 marks) for a total of 78 marks. All questions must be answered to obtain full marks. The answers to both multiple-choice sections ( Sections I and II ) must be entered on the optical score sheet. The answers to the written answer questions in Section III must be written in the space provided and all work should be shown. The time limit for the exam includes the time necessary to fill in the answers for the multiple-choice questions on the optical score sheet provided. AT THE END OF THE EXAMINATION, HAND IN THE OPTICAL SCORE SHEET AND THE ENTIRE EXAM PAPER Failing to encode both this Exam Booklet and your Optical Score Sheet correctly, with your name, lecture section, and student ID ( inside the cover ), will result in the loss of two marks Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 2 of 24 This side of the page can be used as scrap paper. Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
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CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 3 of 24 Do not write in this table. For administration only. Q34 Q35 Q36 Sigfigs/Units (Section III) ***************************************************************************************************************** Student ID #: SECTION I – Single-answer multiple choice ( 2 marks per question ) Select the single best answer and encode it on the Optical Score Sheet 1. A researcher collected data on the decomposition of hydrazine, N 2 H 4 ( ): 3 N 2 H 4 ( ) 4 NH 3 ( g ) + N 2 ( g ) Δ r H = 334 kJ During an experiment under constant pressure conditions, 67 kJ of heat was released by the system. How many moles of ammonia gas (NH 3 ) were produced by this experiment? a. 0.20 mol b. 0.80 mol c. 1.2 mol d. 4.0 mol e. 5.0 mol This space can be used for rough work Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 4 of 24 You add excess chlorine gas C 2 (g) to rigid flask containing an aqueous solution of ammonium bromide NH 4 Br (aq) in order to produce NC 3 (g), as shown in this balanced chemical equation: NH 4 Br (aq) + 3 C 2 ( g ) NC 3 (g) + 3 HC (g) + 1 HBr (g) Δ rxn < 0 The flask initially contains: 1.0 L of a 0.30 M solution of NH 4 Br (aq), and 1.00 mol of C 2 ( g ). Assume that the temperature stays constant throughout the reaction. Answer questions on this page and the next ( Q2 to Q6 ) based on this scenario. 2. How many moles of chlorine atoms are in the flask before the reaction? a. 0.500 mol b. 1.00 mol c. 2.00 mol d. 3.00 mol e. 6.00 mol 3. After a certain amount of time, you check on the progress of the reaction. At this time, there are 0.20 moles of NH 4 Br (aq) left in the flask. How much C 2 ( g ) is in the flask at this time ? a. 0.30 mol b. 0.60 mol c. 0.70 mol d. 0.90 mol e. 1.1 mol – Questions for this scenario continue on next page – This space can be used for rough work Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
Adapted from CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 5 of 25 – Questions continued from scenario on previous page – 4. How will the total pressure before the reaction compare to the total pressure after the reaction goes to completion ? a. Pressure is equal both before and after because mass is conserved. b. Pressure is higher before because the aqueous solution occupies volume. c. Pressure is higher after because there are more types of gases present. d. Pressure is higher after because there are more moles of gas present. e. Pressure is higher after because the excess reactant is a gas 5. Considering only the gases present, what is the total number of moles of gas present after the reaction goes to completion ? a. 1.00 mol b. 1.30 mol c. 1.50 mol d. 1.60 mol e. 1.67 mol 6. If the reaction produced NC 3 ( ) instead of producing this same compound as a gas, the system would… a. … release a larger amount of energy in the form of heat. b. … release a smaller amount of energy in the form of heat. c. … absorb a larger amount of energy in the form of heat. d. … absorb a smaller amount of energy in the form of heat. This space can be used for rough work Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
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CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 6 of 24 Consider the two graphs below, which compare the energy of the reactant molecules before and after a scientist makes some change to the reaction conditions. Use these graphs to answer the next two questions . 7. What change could the scientist have made to result in the After curve shown? a. The reactants could be at a higher temperature after. b. The scientist could be using lighter molecules in their reaction after. c. The scientist could have added a catalyst to their reaction. d. More than one of these changes could explain the observations. e. None of these changes could explain the observations. 8. Which regions (i-iv) represent the number of molecules only had sufficient energy to react after the change was made ( not before )? a. Region (i) only b. Regions (i) and (ii) c. Region (iii) and (iv) d. Region (iv) only This space can be used for rough work Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 7 of 24 9. Predict the pH at 298 K at the following points in the titration: At the half-equivalence point… At the equivalence point… a. pH < 7 pH > 7 b. pH < 7 pH = 7 c. pH > 7 pH > 7 d. pH > 7 pH = 7 e. More information is needed to determine the pH at both points. 10. When only one-third of the initial weak acid had been neutralized , what do you predict for this solution at 298K? In the solution, there would be a… …therefore… a. 3:1 ratio of weak acid to strong base pH < 7 since there is more acid than base b. 3:1 ratio of weak acid to strong base pH > 7 since there is strong base present c. 2:1 ratio of weak acid to weak base pH < 7 since there is more acid than base d. 2:1 ratio of weak acid to weak base pH > 7 since pH is ± 1 unit from the p K a This space can be used for rough work For the next two questions , consider the titration of the weak acid NH 4 + with a strong base , similar to your laboratory Experiment 4. ( K b for NH 3 = 1.8 × 10 5 ) Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
Adapted from CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 8 of 25 12. How many of the scenarios described below would result in a Δ S sys < 0 ? Freezing of water at 0 ° C. Compressing 1 mol of nitrogen gas. Warming up liquid water a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3 This space can be used for rough work Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
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Adapted from CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 9 of 25 13. If we add more chloride ions to this reaction in progress, what will we observe? Which reaction becomes more favourable? How will Δ G change? a. Forward reaction Decreases (more negative) b. Forward reaction Increases (more positive) c. Reverse reaction Decreases (more negative) d. Reverse reaction Increases (more positive) 14. Given the standard potential E ° < 0 at 298 K, what else must be true about this reaction? At 298 K, the reaction is… When E = E °… a. Product-favoured, K > 1 …the reaction is at equilibrium b. Product-favoured, K > 1 … aqueous ion concentrations are 1 M. c. Reactant-favoured, K < 1 …the reaction is at equilibrium d. Reactant-favoured, K < 1 … aqueous ion concentrations are 1 M. 15. If the reaction was allowed to proceed in the spontaneous direction , what would we observe? a. The magnitude of E cell will become smaller until it reaches E ° cell b. The magnitude of E cell will become larger until it reaches E ° cell c. The magnitude of E cell will become smaller until it reaches zero d. The magnitude of E cell will become larger until it reaches zero This space can be used for rough work For the next three questions , consider the following equilibrium reaction: Br 2 ( ) + 2 C (aq) ± C 2 (g) + 2 Br (aq) E ° < 0 Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
Adapted from CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 10 of 25 16. For a specific reaction, you determine that Δ rxn G ° is negative below some temperature T 1 and that Δ rxn G ° is positive above T 1 . Based on this data, we know that under standard state conditions… a. Δ rxn S° < 0 and the reaction is only spontaneous at high temperatures. b. Δ rxn S° < 0 and the reaction is only spontaneous at low temperatures. c. Δ rxn S° > 0 and the reaction is only spontaneous at high temperatures. d. Δ rxn S° > 0 and the reaction is only spontaneous at low temperatures. This space can be used for rough work **************END OF SINGLE-ANSWER MULITIPLE CHOICE SECTION************** Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 11 of 24 SECTION II: Mixed multiple choice (6 scenarios, 16 questions, 27marks) Select the correct answers and encode it on the Optical Score Sheet Partial credit is possible in some questions. If the question asks you to ‘Select All’, selecting any incorrect statements will result in a deduction from the points earned in that question 18. If this reaction is performed in a closed , flexible container under constant pressure , is work being done by or on the system during the reaction? What is the sign for w? Select only one option. a. On the system and w > 0 b. On the system and w < 0 c. By the system and w > 0 d. By the system and w < 0 e. No work is being done and w = 0 19. Explain why you selected the answer that you did in the previous question. Select all that apply a. … since the reaction is exothermic, so energy is released. b. … since the reaction is endothermic, so energy is absorbed. c. … since for every 7 mol before the reaction and there are only 4 mol after. d. … since for every 6 mol of gas before the reaction and there are only 4 mol after. e. … because it is a closed system no energy can be transferred to the surroundings. This space can be used for rough work Scenario 1 : Let’s revisit that balanced chemical equation from Tutorial 2 again. P 4 (s) + 6 H 2 (g) 4 PH 3 (g) Δ rxn H ° > 0 Use this information to answer both of the next two questions. Marks 1 Marks 2 Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
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Adapted from CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 12 of 25 19. Student explanation 1: “Solutions of Br are basic . Br is the conjugate of the acid HBr; since all conjugates of acids are basic, Br must also be basic.” 20. Student explanation 2: “Solutions of C O 4 are acidic because it reacts with water to produce the strong acid HC O 4 as shown in this reaction”: C O 4 + H 2 O HC O 4 + OH 21. Student explanation 3: “Solutions of CH 3 NH 3 + are acidic because this ion will donate a proton (H + ).” This space can be used for rough work Scenario 2 : In a CHEM 203 tutorial, students were asked to predict if certain ions were acidic, basic or pH-neutral, and then explain their reasoning. You must evaluate each answer based on the claim-evidence-reasoning framework you used in your laboratories and tutorials to determine if their answer would receive full credit, and if not, where their answer needed improvement. Answer each question by selecting all the options from this list which apply. a. This student’s answer is correct and complete. b. The student’s claim is wrong – e.g, they said the ion is acidic when it is not . c. The student’s answer is missing either evidence or reasoning . d. The student’s evidence is not relevant to their claim or explanation. e. There is an error in the student’s reasoning in their ‘therefore’ or ‘why’ . Refer to the data tables & formula sheet at the back of the exam as needed. Marks 6 Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 13 of 24 2 2 . To find the average rate of the reaction over the first 3 h … ( select only one ) ..the student should use the slope of… and their final answer must be… a. Line 1 Positive b. Line 1 Negative c. Line 2 Positive d. Line 2 Negative 2 3 . To calculate the average rate of appearance of Z over the first 3 h , the student should multiply their slope by what value to find the magnitude (absolute value) of that rate? × 2 × 5 × 1 3 × 1 5 × 2 15 × 5 6 × 5 2 × 2 5 AB AC AD AE BC BD BE CD This space can be used for rough work Scenario 3 : Consider the following data a student collected for compound X in the hypothetical reaction 2 X (g) Y (g) + 5 Z ( g ) The student has already begun their analysis by drawing the two dashed lines and finding the slopes of both Line 1 and Line 2. Tell the student how to use these slopes to calculate the two rates they need to find on this page. Marks 4 Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
Adapted from CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 14 of 25 For each reaction at 298 K, choose the appropriate value for the exponent (w, x, y, or z) from the answer choices listed in the table above. 25. Reaction 1: HCO 3 ( aq ) + H 2 O ( ) CO 3 2– ( aq ) + H 3 O + ( aq ) K 1 10 w 26. Reaction 2: HCO 3 ( aq ) + OH ( aq ) CO 3 2– ( aq ) + H 2 O ( ) K 2 10 x 27. Reaction 3: CO 3 2– ( aq ) + HF ( aq ) HCO 3 ( aq ) + F ( aq ) K 4 10 z This space can be used for rough work Scenario 4 : Your task is to estimate the order of magnitude for the equilibrium constant, K , for each of the reactions below. For this question, assume all reactions can be described as equilibrium reactions, even if K >> 1 and we might normally describe the reaction as going to completion. Useful data at 298 K : K b for CO 3 2– 10 – 4 K a for HF 10 – 4 Answer choices –10 –9 –8 –6 –4 4 6 8 9 10 AB AC AD AE BC BD BE CD CE DE Marks 6 Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
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CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 15 of 24 30. Which of the following mixtures will produce a buffer solution? Select all that apply. a. 200.0 mL of water with 0.10 mol HC plus 0.20 mol NaOH b. 200.0 mL 0.10 M HC (aq) plus 0.20 mol NH 3 c. 200.0 mL 0.10 M HC (aq) plus 0.20 mol NH 4 + d. 200.0 mL 1.0 M HC (aq) plus 0.20 mol NH 3 e. 200.0 mL 0.10 M NH 4 (aq) plus 0.20 mol NH 3 31. Suppose you select one of the buffers from the previous question and dilute it to by adding more water as shown in the solutions below What must be true about these three solutions, W, X and Y? (select all that apply) a. Solutions W and X have the same pH. b. Solutions W and X can neutralize equal moles of strong acid. c. Solutions W and Y have the same buffer ratio. d. Solutions W and Y can neutralize equal moles of strong base. This space can be used for rough work Scenario 5 : Properties of buffers Marks 4 Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
Adapted from CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 16 of 25 Scenario 6: A student plans to test the solubility of AgNO 2 (s). When this salt is added to water, it dissociates and produces Ag + (aq) and NO 2 (aq), according to the equilibrium reaction shown below AgNO 2 (s) ± Ag + (aq) + NO 2 (aq) K C = 1.8 × 10 10 To perform their tests, the student has prepared 5 separate beakers, each containing 100 mL of one of the following solutions to test: A. water B. 0.01 M Ca(NO 2 ) 2 (aq) (which fully dissociates in water) C. 0.01 M NaNO 2 (aq) (which fully dissociates in water) D. 0.01 M HC (aq) E. 0.1 M HC (aq) Additional information: HNO 2 is a weak acid . Use this information for the next two questions. 30. Assuming the same amount of AgNO 2 (s) was added to each beaker, which solution (A-E) will have the highest concentration of silver ions at equilibrium? Select more than one if two solutions have equal concentrations [Ag + ] E . 31. Assuming the same amount of AgNO 2 (s) was added to each beaker, which solution (A-E) will have the lowest concentration of silver ions at equilibrium? Select more than one if two solutions have equal concentrations [Ag + ] E . This space can be used for rough work Marks 4 Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
Adapted from CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 17 of 25 32. Which of these calculation(s) would result in a correct value for the solution pH? Select all that apply. a. For a HNO 3 (aq) solution, pH = log[HNO 3 ], since HNO 3 is a strong acid. b. For a H 2 S (aq) solution, pH = log[H 2 S], since H 2 S is a weak acid. c. For a CH 3 COOH (aq) solution, pH = p K a , since CH 3 COOH is a weak acid. d. For a NaOH (aq) solution, pH = pKw + log[NaOH], since NaOH is a strong base. e. For a Ca(OH) 2 (aq) solution, pH = 14.00 + log[Ca(OH) 2 ] at 298K, since Ca(OH) 2 is a strong base. This space can be used for rough work ******************END OF MIXED MULTIPLE CHOICE SECTION************** Marks 2 Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
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CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 17 of 24 This side of the page can be used as scrap paper. Section III WRITTEN ANSWER BEGINS NEXT PAGE Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
Adapted from CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 19 of 25 SECTION III: Written Answers. (16 marks + 1 mark sigfigs/units) Show all work for full credit and write final numerical answers in the boxes. 33. A researcher takes an empty 1.0 L flask and adds… 5.0 × 10 4 mol of NH 4 F ( s ) 2.0 × 10 5 mol of NH 3 ( g ), and, 1.0 × 10 5 mol of HF ( g ). These compounds have the potential to react according to the following balanced equilibrium reaction: NH 4 F ( s ) NH 3 ( g ) + HF ( g ) K C = 7.7 × 10 7 (a) When the experiment reaches equilibrium , will there be more / less / same amount of NH 4 F ( s ) compared to the start of the reaction. Circle one and support your answer with at least one numerical value and a clear explanation of your reasoning. (b) After the mixture reaches equilibrium, the researcher adds more NH 4 F ( s ) to the flask. Assuming that the solid still occupies negligible volume in the flask, predict what will happen and explain your reasoning . ( 1-2 sentences max ) This space can be used for rough work. This area will NOT be graded unless you ask us to do so in the question area. Marks 4 Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
Adapted from CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 20 of 25 34. (a) Determine the pH at 298 K of a solution prepared by mixing 20.00 mL of 0.10 M dimethylamine (CH 3 NH 2 , aq) with 10.00 mL of 0.20 M of HBr (aq). (b) Determine the pH at 298 K of a solution prepared by mixing 20.00 mL of 0.10 M dimethylamine (CH 3 NH 2 , aq) with 20.00 mL of 0.20 M of HBr. This space can be used for rough work. This area will NOT be graded unless you ask us to do so in the question area. pH = pH = Marks 7 Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
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Adapted from CHEM 203 Winter 2019 Final Exam Page 21 of 25 35. A student prepares a pH 6.40 buffer by mixing one of the acids in the data table at the back of the exam with some of its conjugate base. (a) Which acid must the student have used? Explain your reasoning in 1-sentence. (b) If they started with a 50.0 mL of an 0.050 M solution of their acid, how many moles of their conjugate base did they need to add to reach their target pH? (c) The student tests their 50.0 mL sample of buffer solution by adding 1.5 mmol of NaOH . Calculate the expected pH of the buffer after this addition. This space can be used for rough work. This area will NOT be graded unless you ask us to do so in the question area. ***END OF LONG ANSWER SECTION*** pH = n conjugate = Marks 5 Downloaded by Bezawit Baye (bezabee3@gmail.com) lOMoARcPSD|35295439
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