m3-avogadros-number-calculation-guide (1)
docx
keyboard_arrow_up
School
Schoolcraft College *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
111
Subject
Chemistry
Date
Feb 20, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
3
Uploaded by DoctorGazelleMaster1083
Estimating Avogadro’s Number Calculation Guide
Activity 1 Calculations
Look for the part of the equation in BOLD
. That is what you need to solve for. You may need to rearrange some equations.
1.
Loop Radius calculation
Find the measured thread loop length as described on Page 8, Step 6 of the Investigation Manual. This length is equal to the circumference of the loop. Use the equation Circumferance = 2 π r
to find the radius, r in cm. π = 3.14
2.
Loop Area Calculation Using the radius determined in #1, determine the area of the thread loop
in cm
2
using the equation: Loop Area
= π r
2
3.
Number of Stearic Acid Molecules Calculation See also Page 6 of the Investigation Manual. Using your Loop Area from #2 and the known area of one Stearic Acid molecule (20.7x10
-16
cm
2
/molecule) determine the number of Stearic Acid molecules using the equation: Loop Area = (# of molecules)
x (area of one Stearic Acid molecule)
4.
Mass of Stearic Acid Calculation See also Page 5 of the Investigation Manual. Find the Volume of Stearic Acid Dispensed in mL from your data table. Use the equation below to determine the mass of Stearic Acid.
Mass of Stearic Acid = Volume in mL Dispensed x 1
L
1000
mL
x 0.1
g
1
L
5.
Moles of Stearic Acid Calculation See also Page 5 of the Investigation Manual. Use the mass determined in #4, the molar mass of stearic acid (284.5 g/mol) and the equation below to calculate the moles of stearic acid.
Moles of Stearic Acid = Mass
¿¿
4
∈
grams
¿
284.5
g
/
mol
6.
Avogadro’s Number Calculation See also Page 6 of the Investigation Manual. Use the Number of Stearic Acid Molecules from #3, the Moles of Stearic Acid from #5 and the equation below to determine Avogadro’s Number.
Avogadro’s Number = ¿
of molecules
¿
of moles
Activity 2 Calculations
1.
Volume of Aluminum Foil Calculation Using the mass of your piece of aluminum foil and the density of aluminum (2.70 g/cm
3
), determine the volume (in cm
3
) for the piece of aluminum foil. Density of Aluminum = Mass of Aluminum
Volumeof Aluminum
2.
Volume of an Aluminum Atom Calculation Using
the known radius of an aluminum atom and the “volume of a sphere” equation, determine the volume of an aluminum atom (in cm
3
/atom). Radius of aluminum atom = 1.43x10
-8
cm, Volume of Aluminum Atom
¿
4
3
πr
3
3.
Number of Aluminum Atoms Calculation Using the calculated volume for the piece of aluminum foil in cm
3
from #1 and the calculated volume of an aluminum atom in cm
3
/atom from
#2, determine the number of aluminum atoms for the piece of aluminum foil. Number of Aluminum Atoms
= Volume of Aluminum Foil
Volumeof Aluminum Atom
4.
Moles of Aluminum in Foil Using the mass of your piece of aluminum foil and the atomic mass of aluminum (26.98 g/mol), determine the moles of aluminum for the piece of aluminum foil. Atomic Mass of Aluminum = 26.98 g/mol
Moles of Aluminum
= Mass of Aluminum Foil
Atomic Mass of Aluminum
5.
Avogadro’s Number Calculation Using the calculated number of aluminum atoms from #3 and the calculated number of moles of aluminum from #4, determine Avogadro’s Number (in atoms/mol). Avogadro’s Number = Number of Aluminum Atoms
Molesof Aluminum
6.
Area of Aluminum Foil Calculation Using
the length and width measurements, calculate the area (in cm
2
). Area = length x width
7.
Foil Thickness Calculation Using the calculated volume from #1 and the calculated area from #6,
determine the thickness (in cm) of the piece of aluminum foil.
Volume = area x thickness
8.
Aluminum Atom Layers Calculation Using
the calculated thickness from #7 and the known diameter of one aluminum atom, determine the number of aluminum atom layers of the piece of aluminum foil. Diameter of aluminum atom = 2.86x10
-8
cm/atom
Number of Atom Layers
= FoilThickness
Diameter of Aluminum Atom
9.
% Error Calculation Calculate the % Error for the value of Avogadro’s Number determined in #5 for the aluminum foil piece. % Error = |
6.02
x
10
23
−
experimental value
|
6.02
x
10
23
x
100
10.
Adjustment Calculation
Because atoms are spherical, there are small gaps between the atoms as they pack together. As a result, aluminum atoms do not occupy the entire volume, but only occupy about 72% of the total volume determined in this experiment. Determine the adjusted value for Avogadro’s number by multiplying your experimentally determined value from #5 by 0.72 (72%). Does this give you a more accurate value for Avogadro’s Number? Determine the %
Error for this adjusted value.
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Related Documents
Related Questions
Catra wanted to determine the concentration of copper(II) chloride at an unknown concentration .She began by trying to determine the value of epsilon (ε) using beers law for copper(II) chloride. Catra remembered in lab when they wanted to solve for epsilon they would test the absorbance for three different concentrations of a known solution and then graph it. Catra got frustrated and asked Shera what to do next to determine epsilon. What should Shera tell Catra?
arrow_forward
An electric current of 26.20 A flows for 246. milliseconds. Calculate the amount of electric charge transported.
Be sure your answer has the correct unit symbol and 3. significant digits.
1
x10
X
H
3
arrow_forward
If the cells were spread out into a thin layer that was a single cell thick, what would be the total surface area ( in square meters) for the top side of the cell layer ? Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits? ……m^2pls help me
arrow_forward
please highlight the correct answer
arrow_forward
Multiple choice. Please check my asnwers from numbers 5-9 if they are correct.
Thank you!
arrow_forward
A composite material reinforced with aligned fibers, consisting of 20% by volume of silicon
carbide (SiC) fibers and 80% by volume of polycarbonate (PC) matrix. The mechanical
characteristics of the 2 materials are in the table. The stress of the matrix when the fiber
breaks is 45 MPa. Calculate the longitudinal strength?
SiC
PC
Elastic modulus (GPa) Tensile strength (GPa)
400
2,4
3,9
0,065
arrow_forward
CHEM 1300 E01/E02
arrow_forward
calculate the mass of the distillate_______________ and the density of the distillate. use the rules of significant figures include units
trail 1
mass of empty graduate cylinder, gm 5.280 grams
volume of distillate, ml 3.01 ml
mass of cylinder with the distillate, g 7.936 g
boiling point of the distillate, C degree 92.1
arrow_forward
Methods of Analysis
Test #1: Polarity, or Effect of a charged rod on a stream of liquid:
This test was used to determine the relative polarity of the unknown liquid. The liquid was allowed to run out of a buret and a charged rod was brought up next to the stream. The observations were reported as to whether or not the stream of liquid responded to the charged rod and to what degree.
Try this at home with water and a plastic spoon. Rub the plastic spoon against a sweater and move it close to a small stream of water running out of your faucet!
Test #2: Volatility, or Rate of Evaporation:
A thermometer probe was wrapped with a strip of filter paper. This assembly was soaked in one of the liquids for one minute. The probe was removed, and the temperature change was monitored as the liquid evaporated. The results are given in Graph 1 below. (See Graph)
Graph 1: The curves generated of the change in temperature over time for the substances acetone, hydrogen monoxide, ethylene glycol,…
arrow_forward
This question has multiple parts. Work all the parts to get the most points.
Use the References to access important values if needed for this question.
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4.
Choose the correct relationship for the plot shown above.
O a direct proportion
O an inverse proportion
O linear with a positive slope and nonzero y-intercept
O linear with a negative slope and nonzero y-intercept
Submit
Cengage Learning | Cengage Technical Support
MacBook Air
DII
E5
F6
EZ
FA
F9
F10
F
2$
&
*
)
4
5
6
7
8
* 00
arrow_forward
If someone could answer the rest of them this was super helpful I just need to finish this packet by tomorrow morning and don't have time to do it myself!
arrow_forward
STANDARD SAMPLE PREPARATIONS FOR ABSORBANCE & CONCENTRATION DATA
Concentration of stock nickel sulfate hexahydrate solution = .400 Molarity
Sample
Volume
Absorbance
Concentration (In Molarity)
a
5 mL
.179
10 mL
.329
15 mL
.588
20 mL
.760
25 mL
.939
Reference Blank = 0
Please show how to find Molarity, please show
steps. Thank you and stay safe.
arrow_forward
Question 4. In the course material you have been introduced to multiple charging for
electrospray spectra. Each peak in the spectrum below can be used to provide a
measure of the mass of this protein, you can work out the charge associated with
each peak, and measures can be averaged to find the overall mass. Use
simultaneous equations to find the charge associated with each peak in the spectra
below, which will allow you to calculate the average mass of each species. Include
an estimate of the error associated with this measure.
659.8
714.7
779.5
857,4
952.6
1071.5
BMW Sp
arrow_forward
Question 4. In the course material you have been introduced to multiple charging for
electrospray spectra. Each peak in the spectrum below can be used to provide a
measure of the mass of this protein, you can work out the charge associated with
each peak, and measures can be averaged to find the overall mass. Use
simultaneous equations to find the charge associated with each peak in the spectra
below, which will allow you to calculate the average mass of each species. Include
an estimate of the error associated with this measure.
x105
659.8
714.7
779.5
857.4
952.6
1000
Page 3 of 3
1071.5
1100
1200
1300
+MS, 01-13min (779)
myz
arrow_forward
Weigh out accurately 9.99 g of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O) by taring using a clean and dry empty 250-ml beaker.
2. Add tap water to the beaker to reach the 50-mL mark on the side of the beaker.
3. Dissolve all the crystals of CuSO4·5H2O in the water using a clean glass rod for stirring.
4. Then using a glass funnel transfer all the blue solution to a 100-mL volumetric flask. Rinse the
beaker with about 10 mL of water and transfer the solution to the volumetric flask. Repeat the rinsing of the beaker with another 10 mL of water and transfer the solution to the volumetric flask. This is called quantitative transfer of the solution.
5. Then add enough water to reach the calibration mark of the volumetric flask. (You will need to use a dropper to add the last few drops of water to ensure the meniscus is on the calibration mark). Close the volumetric flask with a stopper and mix the solution well (so that it is homogeneous).
6. You have now prepared a standard solution (or…
arrow_forward
Part C
Fe(NO3)(aq) and HCl(aq)
Express your answer as a balanced net ionic equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer. Write "NR" if no reaction occurs.
ΑΣφ
四-?
Submit
Request Answer
Part D
HNO3 (ag) and Bi(OH)3(s)
Express your answer as a balanced net ionic equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer. Write "N.R." if no reaction occurs.
ΑΣφ
A chemical reaction does not occur for this question.
Submit
Request Answer
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you

Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Matter and Change
Chemistry
ISBN:9780078746376
Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
Related Questions
- Catra wanted to determine the concentration of copper(II) chloride at an unknown concentration .She began by trying to determine the value of epsilon (ε) using beers law for copper(II) chloride. Catra remembered in lab when they wanted to solve for epsilon they would test the absorbance for three different concentrations of a known solution and then graph it. Catra got frustrated and asked Shera what to do next to determine epsilon. What should Shera tell Catra?arrow_forwardAn electric current of 26.20 A flows for 246. milliseconds. Calculate the amount of electric charge transported. Be sure your answer has the correct unit symbol and 3. significant digits. 1 x10 X H 3arrow_forwardIf the cells were spread out into a thin layer that was a single cell thick, what would be the total surface area ( in square meters) for the top side of the cell layer ? Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits? ……m^2pls help mearrow_forward
- please highlight the correct answerarrow_forwardMultiple choice. Please check my asnwers from numbers 5-9 if they are correct. Thank you!arrow_forwardA composite material reinforced with aligned fibers, consisting of 20% by volume of silicon carbide (SiC) fibers and 80% by volume of polycarbonate (PC) matrix. The mechanical characteristics of the 2 materials are in the table. The stress of the matrix when the fiber breaks is 45 MPa. Calculate the longitudinal strength? SiC PC Elastic modulus (GPa) Tensile strength (GPa) 400 2,4 3,9 0,065arrow_forward
- CHEM 1300 E01/E02arrow_forwardcalculate the mass of the distillate_______________ and the density of the distillate. use the rules of significant figures include units trail 1 mass of empty graduate cylinder, gm 5.280 grams volume of distillate, ml 3.01 ml mass of cylinder with the distillate, g 7.936 g boiling point of the distillate, C degree 92.1arrow_forwardMethods of Analysis Test #1: Polarity, or Effect of a charged rod on a stream of liquid: This test was used to determine the relative polarity of the unknown liquid. The liquid was allowed to run out of a buret and a charged rod was brought up next to the stream. The observations were reported as to whether or not the stream of liquid responded to the charged rod and to what degree. Try this at home with water and a plastic spoon. Rub the plastic spoon against a sweater and move it close to a small stream of water running out of your faucet! Test #2: Volatility, or Rate of Evaporation: A thermometer probe was wrapped with a strip of filter paper. This assembly was soaked in one of the liquids for one minute. The probe was removed, and the temperature change was monitored as the liquid evaporated. The results are given in Graph 1 below. (See Graph) Graph 1: The curves generated of the change in temperature over time for the substances acetone, hydrogen monoxide, ethylene glycol,…arrow_forwardThis question has multiple parts. Work all the parts to get the most points. Use the References to access important values if needed for this question. 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4. Choose the correct relationship for the plot shown above. O a direct proportion O an inverse proportion O linear with a positive slope and nonzero y-intercept O linear with a negative slope and nonzero y-intercept Submit Cengage Learning | Cengage Technical Support MacBook Air DII E5 F6 EZ FA F9 F10 F 2$ & * ) 4 5 6 7 8 * 00arrow_forwardIf someone could answer the rest of them this was super helpful I just need to finish this packet by tomorrow morning and don't have time to do it myself!arrow_forwardSTANDARD SAMPLE PREPARATIONS FOR ABSORBANCE & CONCENTRATION DATA Concentration of stock nickel sulfate hexahydrate solution = .400 Molarity Sample Volume Absorbance Concentration (In Molarity) a 5 mL .179 10 mL .329 15 mL .588 20 mL .760 25 mL .939 Reference Blank = 0 Please show how to find Molarity, please show steps. Thank you and stay safe.arrow_forwardarrow_back_iosSEE MORE QUESTIONSarrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co

Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Matter and Change
Chemistry
ISBN:9780078746376
Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co