Mythology Test 1

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Troy University, Troy *

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2260

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Chemistry

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Feb 20, 2024

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CH 1 1. Theogony by the late 8th-century poet _____ is an important source for the early generations of Greek myth. a. Hesiod 2. The terms "archetype" and "collective unconscious" are associated with the psychoanalyst Carl _____. a. Jung 3. The Greek word "_____" means "word," "speech," "tale," or "story." a. Mythos 4. In his epic the _____, the Roman poet Vergil tells the story of the fall of Troy. a. Aeneid 5. The tragedians Sophocles and _____ both died in 406 BCE. a. Euripides 6. _____ are short, imaginative, traditional tales with a high moral and magical content, often created for the young . a. Fairy Tale 7. After Homer, the single most important source for classical mythology is the poem _____ by the Roman poet Ovid. a. Metamorphoses 8. The three traditional categories for classifying classical tales are true myth, saga, and _____. a. folktale (from quiz: saga/legend, folktale, true myth) legend/saga are interchangable 9. An _____ myth explains an origin or cause. (an adjective from the Greek word aitia ) a. Etiological 10. The "Oedipus complex" is associated with the Viennese psychoanalyst Sigmund _____. a. Freud 11. "_____ _____" or "myth proper" deals with the gods and humankind's relationship with them." a. True myth 12. The _____ and the Odyssey are epic poems attributed to Homer. (Be careful on the spelling.) a. Iliad 13. The _____ and the Odyssey are epic poems attributed to Homer. (Be careful on the spelling.) a. Hymns 14. The story of Cupid and Psyche is contained within the novel The Golden Ass by _____. a. Apuleius

15. The late comparative mythologist Joseph _____ greatly influenced the choreographer Martha Graham. a. Campbell 16. _____ is the last-born (youngest) of the three great writers of Athenian tragedy whose works survive. a. Euripides 17. An important Greek source after the fifth century is the epic poem _____ by Apollonius of Rhodes. a. Argonautica 18. "Saga" or "_____" has its roots in historical fact. a. Legend CH 2 1. The central room with an open hearth of a Mycenaean palace is called a _____. a. Megaron 2. The pioneer German archaeologist Heinrich _____ excavated Troy, Mycenae, and Tiryns. a. Heinrich Schliemann 3. Troy VI-VIIa has been identified as the city of King _____. a. Priam 4. The British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans excavated the palace of King _____ at Cnossos on Crete. a. Minos 5. Archaeologists refer to the Bronze Age civilization on Crete with the adjective _____. a. Minoan 6. The Late Helladic period is more commonly referred to as the _____ Age. (The answer is not Late Bronze.) a. Mycenaean 7. In some respects, the layout of the palace at Cnossos resembles the legendary _____. a. Labyrinth 8. The word "_____" may have originally meant "home of the double ax." a. Labyrinth 9. The Homeric epithet describes Mycenae as "rich in _____." a. Gold 10. Because of the size of the stones, the walls of Mycenaean fortresses are called _____. a. Cyclopean

11. The _____, a temple dedicated to the goddess Athena, was built on the Acropolis of Athens between 447 and 438 B.C. a. Parthenon 12. At Mycenae, the archaeologist _____ excavated shaft graves and tholos tombs. a. Schliemann 13. The text found on clay tablets at many Mycenaean sites is called _____. a. Linear B 14. Schliemann determined that Hisarlik was the site of the ancient city _____. a. Troy 15. Shortly after the destruction of Troy around 1184 B.C., Greece entered a Dark Age associated with the metal _____. a. Iron 16. The Aeneid of _____ and the Metamorphoses of Ovid were written during the reign of the Roman emperor Augustus a. Vergil 17. The period of Greek history from 480-323 B.C. is known as the _____ Period. a. Classical 18. The period of ancient history from the death of _____ in 323 B.C. to the Battle of Actium in 31 B.C. is called the Hellenistic Period. a. Alexander the Great 19. The traditional date for the fall of Troy is _____ B.C. a. 1184 20. Linear B was deciphered in the early 1950s by Michael _____. a. Ventris 21. A tholos tomb resembles a large _____. a. Beehive 22. The epic poems of Homer were able to be written down only after the creation in the 8th century B.C. of the Greek _____. a. Alphabet CH 3 1. Gaia united with her son _____ to produce the twelve Titans. a. Uranus 2. The goddess _____ is described by Homer as "rosy-fingered" and "saffron-robed." a. Eos 3. The earliest detailed account of the Greek creation myth is presented in the poem Theogony by _____. a. Hesiod 4. The six first-generation Olympian gods are the children of Cronus and _____. a. Rhea 5. According to Hesiod, the very first thing in the universe was _____. a. Chaos

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6. The shepherd ____ was granted eternal sleep and eternal youth. a. Endymion 7. The Greek word _____ means "yawning void." a. Chaos 8. Ge, Tartarus, Eros, Erebus, and Night were all born from _____? a. Chaos 9. The darkness deep in the earth was called _____. a. Erebus 10. The darkness deep in the earth was called _____. a. Tartarus 11. A Roman account of the creation myth is found in Ovid's poem _____. a. Metamorphoses 12. The Roman poet Ovid lived about 700 years before the Greek poet Hesiod. a. False (Hesiod came first) 13. The Romans called the goddess of the dawn _____. a. Aurora 14. The marriage of Ge and Uranus is a _____, which means "holy marriage.” a. hieros gamos 15. The Greek word for physical love is _____. a. Eros 16. Selene was a goddess of the _____. a. Moon 17. Oceanus and _____ produced a total of 6,000 offspring! These offspring are called collectively the Oceanids. a. Tethys 18. The Roman names for Eros are Amor and _____. a. Cupid 19. An elaborately carved stone coffin is called a _____. a. sarcophagus 20. The mother of the Cyclopes is _____. a. Gaia 21. Brontes, Steropes, and Arges are known collectively as the _____. a. Cyclopes 22. The name _____ means "orb-eyed." a. Cyclopes 23. The three Hecatonchires had a grand total of _____ hands and 150 heads. a. 300 (100 arms, 50 heads each) 24. The total number of Titans is _____. a. 12 25. The youngest (last born) of the Titans was _____. a. Cronus 26. The Titans numbered eight males and four females. a. False (6 of each) 27. Hyperion's son _____ took over the role of sun god.

a. Helius 28. The two daughters of Hyperion and Theia are ______ and Eos. a. Selene 29. _____, son of Helius and Clymene, drove his father's chariot to his death. a. Phaethon 30. The heliotropic girl named Clytie eventually turned into a _____. a. Sunflower 31. The name Aphrodite comes from the word aphros , which means _____. a. Foam 32. The original sun god was the Titan _____. a. Hyperion 33. _____ swallowed all of his children except for Zeus. a. Cronus 34. Selene's chariot is pulled by how many horses? a. 2 35. The three sun gods are Apollo, Helius, and _____. a. Hyperion 36. The three moon goddesses are Artemis, Selene, and _____. (not Hecate) a. Phoebe 37. The epithet Phoebus means "_____." a. Bright 38. The Greek goddess of the dawn is _____. a. Eos 39. According to a late tradition, Eos' lover _____ was transformed into a grasshopper. a. Tithonus 40. Oscar Wilde said, "When the gods choose to _____ us, they merely answer our prayers." a. Punish 41. Uranus was castrated by his son _____. a. Cronus 42. Aphrodite was "born" when she washed up on the shore of the island _____. a. Cyprus 43. The Erinyes, giants and Melian nymphs were born from the severed genitals of _____. a. Uranus 44. According to one tradition, Zeus was born on the island of Crete; according to another tradition, he was born in Arcadia. a. True 45. On the island of Crete, the infant Zeus was nursed by a _____ named Amalthea. a. goat CH 4 1. The eyes of _____ were placed on the tail of the peacock.

a. Argus 2. Prometheus is often referred to as the son of _____ (his father). The correct answer begins with the 9th letter of the alphabet a. Iapetus 3. The battle between the Titans and the Olympians is called the _____. a. Titanomachy 4. In the battle between the Titans and the Olympians, the three _____ were naturally effective for hurling stones. a. Hecatonchires 5. In the battle between the Titans and the Olympians, _____ and her son Prometheus fought on the side of Zeus. a. Themis 6. The Titanomachy is said to have lasted _____ years. a. Ten 7. Modern Greeks call themselves Hellenes, and their country is called _____ a. Hellas 8. The name Gegeneis means "_____." a. Earthborn 9. The battle between Zeus and the Gegeneis is known as the _____. a. Gigantomachy 10. Zeus' lover _____ was turned into a white heifer by either Zeus or Hera. a. Io 11. After destroying themselves through wanton violence during the Age of _____, men died and went to Hades as nameless entities. a. Bronze 12. The giant Enceladus is buried beneath Mt. Aetna on the island of _____. a. Sicily 13. The Titan _____ ruled as king over the Islands of the Blessed a. Cronus 14. The only item that remained in Pandora's jar was _____. a. Hope 15. Zeus defeated a dragon creature called _____ (any one of three names). a. Typhoeus (Typhaon or Typhon) 16. The Epic of Gilgamesh contains a well-known account of the Great Flood. a. True 17. The giants Otus and Ephialtes attempted to storm Mt. _____. a. Olympus 18. Although some said that man was created by Zeus, the dominant tradition says that man was created by _____. a. Prometheus 19. _____ was transformed by Zeus into a wolf. a. Lycaon

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20. The kingdom of _____ was known for the export of parchment. a. Pergamon 21. According to Hesiod, the Age of _____ came between the Age of Bronze and the Age of Iron. a. Heroes 22. The name _____ means "all gifts." a. Pandora 23. Departed spirits from the Age of _____ inhabit the earth as benevolent protectors of mortals. a. Gold 24. Prometheus knew that the sea nymph _____ was going to give birth to a son who would be mightier than his father. a. Thetis 25. During the Age of _____, children lived with their parents for 100 years before turning into arrogant adults. a. Silver 26. The men who fought at Troy lived during the Age of _____. a. Heroes 27. During the Age of _____, the souls of those who died gloriously in battle were sent to the Islands of the Blessed. a. Heroes 28. Epimetheus was the brother of Atlas and _____. a. Menoetius 29. Prometheus concealed the _____ which he stole from Mt. Olympus in a hollow fennel stalk. a. Fire 30. Man's "punishment" for receiving fire stolen from Mt. Olympus was the first woman, named ______. a. Pandora 31. The first woman was created by _____ and endowed with various gifts by other deities. a. Hephaestus 32. _____ is the archetype of the divine or heroic "trickster."? a. Prometheus 33. P rometheus Bound is a play by _____. a. Aeschylus 34. Because Prometheus taught man to deceive the gods by burning fat and bones on sacrificial altars, Zeus kept _____ (one word) from man. a. Fire 35. The guard Argus was killed by the god _____, who was then given the title Argeiphontes. a. Hermes 36. For defying Zeus, Prometheus was chained to the side of Mt. Caucasus, where each day an eagle devoured his liver. This is not dealt with effectively in our

textbook, and I just wanted you to be aware of it. For a free point, just enter the word "liver" as your answer. a. Liver 37. The Greek "Noah" was _____, and his wife was Pyrrha. a. Deucalion 38. An account of the Great Flood is found in the Metamorphoses by the Roman poet _____. a. Ovid 39. Deucalion and Pyrrha were instructed to toss over their shoulders the bones of their _____. a. Mother 40. As she fled around the earth, _____ was pursued and tormented by a gadfly. a. Io 41. Hesiod describes _____ Ages of Man. a. 5 42. The first woman was "accepted" by _____, the brother of Prometheus. a. Epimetheus 43. The champion of man and bringer of fire is _____. a. Prometheus CH 5 1. The tree of Zeus is the _____. (one word) a. Oak 2. To reduce the number of Olympian gods from fourteen to the canonical number of twelve, _____ was omitted and Hestia was replaced by Dionysus. a. Hades 3. The deity _____ served the gods as their cupbearer. a. Hebe 4. Match the Greek with the Roman names. a. Zeus = Jupiter b. Hera = Juno c. Poseidon = Neptune d. Hades = Pluto e. Hestia = Vesta f. Hephaestus = Vulcan g. Ares = Mars h. Apollo = Apollo i. Artemis = Diana j. Demeter = Ceres k. Aphrodite = Venus

l. Athena = Minerva m. Hermes = Mercury n. Dionysus = Bacchus 5. _____ is married to Hephaestus, but she has a torrid affair with Ares. a. Aphrodite 6. The house and hearth are protected by the goddess _____. a. Hestia / Vesta 7. The goddesses Hestia, Artemis, and _____ all retained their virginity. a. Athena 8. How many children of Cronus and Rhea make up the first-generation of Olympians? a. Six 9. The mother of Hebe is _____. a. Hera 10. The mother of Athena is _____. a. Metis 11. The name _____ means "hearth." a. Hestia 12. The three Fates are the daughters of _____ and Themis. a. Zeus 13. As befitting her role as queen of the gods, _____ is often depicted with a crown and a scepter. a. Hera 14. The mother of Apollo and Artemis is _____. a. Leto 15. The son of Zeus and Maia is _____. a. Hermes 16. According to one tradition, Aphrodite is the daughter of Zeus and a nymph named _____. a. Dione 17. The parents of Dionysus are Zeus and _____. a. Semele 18. Zeus and Hera are the parents of how many children? a. Four 19. The oldest of the first-generation Olympians was _____. a. Hestia 20. Eventually, Hebe became the bride of _____. a. Heracles 21. The etymological root of the name of the god ______ means "bright."

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a. Zeus 22. The goddess _____ is described by Homer with the epithets "ox-eyed" and "white- armed." a. Hera 23. The bird of Zeus is the _____. (one word) a. Eagle 24. Associated with Zeus is a protective "goat skin" called the _____. a. Aegis 25. While Superman is vulnerable only to Kyptonite, Zeus is vulnerable/subject to ____ and the goddess of love. a. Fate 26. The bird of Hera is the _____. a. Peacock 27. The six first-generation Olympian deities are the children of _____ and Rhea. a. Cronus 28. The god of fire, metalwork, and craftsmanship is _____. a. Hephaestus 29. Argos was a center of worship for Hera. a. True 30. Priests at Zeus' shrine in Dodona interpreted the rustling of oak leaves and branches. a. True 31. The Twelve Labors of Heracles are represented in the metopes of the Temple of Zeus at _____. a. Olympia 32. The special messenger of Hera is _____. a. Iris 33. The west pediment sculpture of Zeus' temple at Olympia depicts the battle between the Lapiths and the _____. a. Centaurs 34. The goddess of youthful bloom was named _____. a. Hebe 35. Eileithyia was a goddess of _____. a. Childbirth 36. Hephaestus is assisted in his workshop by three robotic women made of _____. a. Gold 37. The statue of Zeus at _____ made by Pheidias was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. a. Olympia

38. After being cast out of Olympus, Hephaestus returned in a drunken state. a. True 39. The thread of life is cut by _____. a. Atropos 40. The "thread of life" is spun by _____. a. Clotho 41. The "thread of life" is measured by _____. a. Lachesis 42. Sometimes the Fates are said to be the daughters of Night and _____. a. Erebus 43. The story of Hephaestus capturing his wife and her lover in the act is found in Homer's poem the _____. a. Odyssey 44. The mythical founder of the Olympic Games was _____. a. Heracles 45. A centaur is a creature with a human head and torso and the legs and body of a _____. a. Horse 46. The god of war is _____. a. Ares 47. The Muses are usually how many in number? a. 9 48. The parents of the Muses are Zeus and _____. a. Mnemosyne 49. The Romans called the Fate s the _____. (Moirai for the Greeks) a. Parcae 50. The Greeks called the Fates___. a. Moirai 51. Zeus abducted the Trojan prince _____ to replace his daughter as cupbearer to the gods. a. Ganymede 52. Physically, the god _____ was lame from birth. a. Hephaestus 53. The ____ eventually become the Seasons. a. Horea 54. The Muses are most closely associated and often portrayed with the god _____. a. Apollo 55. In the Garden District of the city of _____ _____, one finds streets named for the nine Muses. a. New Orleans 56. Match the Muses with associated art forms

a. Calliope = epic poetry b. Clio = history or lyre playing c. Euterpe= lyric poetry d. Melpomene = tragedy e. Terpsichore = coral dancing f. Erato = love poetry g. Polyhymnia = sacred music h. Urania = astronomy i. Thalia = comedy 57. The island of _____ was an important center of worship for Hephaestus. a. Lemnos Ch 6 1. Deities associated with the earth and underworld are called _____. a. Chthonian 2. Match the deities with the places where they are especially honored. a. Athena = athens b. Apollo = Delphi c. Hephaestus = Lemnos d. Hera = argos 3. The drink of the gods is _____. a. Nectar 4. Because they have the shape and characteristics of humans, the Greek gods are said to be _____ a. Anthropomorphic 5. A blood-like substance called _____ flows in the veins of the gods. a. Ichor 6. If Greek religion were completely monotheistic, the supreme deity would most likely be _____. a. Zeus 7. Match the deities with their associated animals. a. Zeus = Eagle b. Hera = Peacock c. Poseidon = Horse d. Athena = Owl e. Aphrodite = sparrow, dove, or goose f. Ares = boar 8. The food of the gods is _____. a. Ambrosia

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9. All heroes in Greek and Roman myths are demigods. a. False 10. The "Father of History" is _____. a. Herodotus 11. Demeter, Dionysus, and Orpheus are all associated with Mystery Religions. a. True 12. The most significant religious act in Greek ritual was animal _____. a. Sacrifice 13. Individuals of mixed parentage (divine and mortal) are called _____. a. Demigods Ch 7 1. Poseidon's son _____ is often depicted as a merman blowing a conch shell. a. Triton 2. The children of Oceanus and _____ are known collectively as the Oceanids. a. Tethys 3. The god _____ is often called "earth shaker." a. Poseidon 4. The goddess of the rainbow is _____. a. Iris 5. The offspring of Nereus and Doris are known as the _____. a. Nereids 6. The son of Peleus and Thetis was the mighty warrior _____. a. Achilles 7. Poseidon's son _____ was stricken with love for the Nereid Galatea. a. Polyphemus 8. The Roman name for Poseidon is _____. a. Neptune 9. _____ was able to change shape and to predict the future. a. Proteus 10. Poseidon carries a three-pronged fork called the _____. a. Trident 11. The entrance to the Underworld is guarded by the hound of Hades named _____. a. Cerberus 12. Who are the three Nereids? (Daughters of Doris and Nereus) a. Thetis, Galatea, and Amphitrite. 13. The wife of Poseidon is _____. a. Amphitrite 14. The waist of the monster _____ was circled with a ring of dogs' heads. a. Scylla 15. _____ was a whirlpool that three times a day sucked down everything near her. a. Charybdis 16. The goddess _____ serves as the personal messenger of Hera.

a. Iris 17. The most important of the Gorgon sisters was named _____. a. Medusa 18. Particularly associated with Poseidon are bulls and _____. a. Horses 19. One of the most beautiful temples of Poseidon can be visited at _____, located at the tip of the Attic peninsula a. Sounion 20. Nicolas Poussin composed a symphonic tone poem based on the story of Neptune and Amphitrite. a. False (he was a painter) 21. A group of snatching bird-like creatures with the features of women are the _____. a. Harpies 22. The Graeae and the Gorgons appear prominently in the story of _____. a. Perseus 23. Ch 8 1. The Palladium was a talisman that protected which ancient city? a. Troy 2. What musical instrument was invented by Athena? a. The flute 3. Poseidon gave the Athenians either the first horse or a _____. a. Salt spring 4. Zeus feared that Metis would give birth to a SON who would overthrow him 5. The mother of Athena was named _____. a. Metis 6. The contest for the patronage of Athens took place on the Acropolis near a sanctuary/temple called the _____. a. Erechtheum 7. The goddesses Hestia, Artemis, and Athena remained virgins. 8. The Greek word for "virgin" is _____. a. Parthenos 9. Athena's bird is the _____. a. Owl 10. The sculpture program of the Parthenon was directed by _____. a. Pheidias 11. The Parthenon celebrates metaphorically the historical military victory of the Greeks over the _____. a. Persians

12. The west pediment of the Parthenon depicts the contest between Athena and _____ for the patronage of Athens. a. Poseidon 13. Athena's gift to the Athenians was the _____ tree. a. Olive 14. The triumph of the Greeks over the "barbarians" is represented on the Parthenon's ninety-two sculptural blocks called _____. a. Metopes 15. The story of Athena's birth is depicted on the _____ pediment of the Parthenon. a. East 16. The Elgin marbles are located today in the city of _____. a. London 17. The statue of Athena _____ stood in the cella of the Parthenon. a. Parthenos 18. The surface of the Athena Parthenos was decorated with gold and _____. a. Ivory 19. Our textbook includes a copy of the painting Pallas Athena by Gustav _____ a. Gustav Klimt 20. Athena is often accompanied by a winged figure named _____. a. Nike 21. Athena is sometimes called by the title _____. (Begins with the letter T) a. Tritogeneia 22. A famous relief sculpture depicting the goddess leaning on a spear and looking down at a monument is called the _____ Athena. a. Mourning 23. Athena accidentally killed her companion named _____. a. Pallas 24. The wooden memorial image of Athena's friend is called the _____ a. Palladium 25. The god _____ split open Zeus' head with an ax to facilitate the birth of Athena. a. Hephaestus 26. Athena had a weaving contest with a mortal girl named _____. a. Arachne 27. Athena transformed _____ into a spider. a. Arachne 28. To what European city would one have to travel to see Velazquez' extraordinary painting The Weavers ? a. Madrid, Spain 29. Athena is goddess of the "central womanly skill of _____."

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a. Weaving 30. The famous four-drachma silver coin minted in ancient Athens was popularly called a(n) _____. a. Owl 31. The terms bright, green, gray, and gleaming are often used to describe Athena's _____. a. Eyes 32. What is meant by the epithet glaukopis ? a. green-eyed 33. A _____ is often seen at the feet or near the shield of Athena? a. Snake 34. The _____ procession is depicted on the Parthenon's Ionic frieze. a. Panathenaic 35. The small charming temple of Athena _____ stands on the edge of the Acropolis in Athens. a. Nike Ch 9 1. The Greek word aphros means _____. a. Foam 2. According to one tradition, Aphrodite is the daughter of _____ and Dione. a. Zeus 3. Aphrodite _____ is essentially physical in nature. a. Pandemos 4. Aphrodite Urania is associated with _____ love. a. Spiritual 5. The opera Tannhaeuser by Richard _____ treats the conflict between sacred and profane love. (Google it.) a. Wagner 6. Aphrodite possesses a magic _____ that makes her irresistible? a. Girdle 7. The story of Cupid and _____ is told memorably by the Roman author Apuleius. a. Psyche 8. The sculptor _____ was responsible initially for portraying Aphrodite in the nude. a. Praxiteles 9. The Aphrodite of Melos is more commonly known as the Venus de _____? a. Milo 10. The Charites are also called the _____.

a. Graces 11. The Graces are generally _____ in number. a. Three 12. The Seasons are also called the _____. a. Horae 13. Images of the phallic fertility god _____ were found in gardens and house entrances. a. Priapus 14. The story of _____ is the inspiration for Educating Rita , Pretty Woman , and My Fair Lady ? a. Pygmalion 15. To what European city must one travel to see the Aphrodite of Melos? (Google it.) a. Paris 16. The story of Pygmalion is most famously told by the Roman poet _____. a. Ovid 17. Cinyras slept with his daughter _____ without knowing her identity. a. Myrrha 18. Aphrodite fell in love with the mortal hunter _____. a. Adonis 19. In which city can one see Veronese's painting of Venus and Adonis found on page 195 of our textbook? (Google it.) a. Madrid 20. Adonis was killed by a wild _____. a. Boar 21. Into what kind of flower was Adonis transformed? a. Anemone 22. Both Adonis and Attis may be considered "resurrection gods." a. True 23. The priests of Cybele (Galli) were _____. a. Eunuchs 24. The hut of Anchises located on Mount _____ near Troy.? a. Ida 25. Aeneas is the son of Aphrodite and _____. a. Anchises 26. After he grew old, the mortal _____ was kept locked away in a room by Eos, the goddess of the dawn. a. Tithonus 27. "Love conquers all" in Latin is "Amor ___ Vincit __ omnia." a. Vincit 28. According to one tradition, the god of love Eros is the son of Aphrodite and Ares. a. True

29. Those attending the gathering in Plato's dialog ______, discuss the nature and power of love. a. Symposium 30. How many sisters did Psyche have? a. 2 31. How many times did Psyche's sisters visit her? a. Three 32. Psyche accidentally spilled _____ on the shoulder of Cupid. a. Oil 33. Psyche was required to sort out a pile of mixed _____. a. Grains 34. Psyche was required to sort out a pile of mixed _____. a. True 35. The daughter of Cupid and Psyche was named _____. a. Pleasure 36. The lyric poetess _____ lived on the island of Lesbos. a. Sappho 37. Till We Have _____ is a magnificent and significant retelling of the myth of Cupid and Psyche by C. S. Lewis. (Google it.) a. Faces 38. Aphrodite is sometimes called _____ because of her link with the island of Cythera. a. Cytherea 39. Aphrodite is sometimes called Cypris because of her association with the island of _____. a. Cyprus 40. Edward Burne-Jones belonged to a group of artists and poets known as the _____. a. Pre-Raphaelites Ch 10 1. The mother of Artemis is _____. a. Leto 2. The hunter _____ was torn to pieces by his own hunting dogs. a. Actaeon 3. Apollo was born before his twin sister Artemis. a. False, Artemis was born first and helped deliver her brother. 4. Because the women of Lycia refused water to Leto and her two children, Leto turned them into _____. a. Frogs

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5. Apollo and Artemis slew the seven sons and seven daughters of _____. a. Niobe 6. _____ was turned to stone and placed on a mountaintop in Phrygia. a. Niobe 7. Because she was born on Mt. _____, Artemis is sometimes called Cynthia. a. Cynthus 8. Actaeon was killed because he unfortunately saw _____ naked. a. Artemis 9. The Roman name for Artemis is _____. a. Diana 10. The sudden _____ of young persons was often attributed to Apollo and Artemis. a. Death 11. _____ and her son Arcas were transformed by Jupiter into bears. a. Callisto 12. Phaedra fell in love with her stepson _____. a. Hippolytus 13. The hunter Orion was killed by a _____. a. Scorpion 14. The dog star is named _____. a. Sirius 15. The famous French play Phèdre was written by Jean _____. a. Racine 16. The underground stream of Alpheus and _____ emerged in Syracuse, Sicily, where it may still be seen today. a. Arethusa 17. Artemis is the deity of which celestial body? a. The moon 18. As the moon-goddess, Artemis is identified with _____ and Hecate. a. Selene 19. Offerings of food left for Artemis were called Hecate's _____. a. Suppers 20. The author of the play Hippolytus is _____. a. Euripides 21. Hippolytus refused to worship of the goddess _____. a. Aphrodite 22. One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World was the Temple of _____ at Ephesus_. (Google it.) a. Artemis 23. The father of Hippolytus is _____.

a. Theseus 24. The two "opposing" deities in the play Hippolytus are Artemis and ____ a. Aphrodite 25. Animal heads and breastlike objects are sculptural features of the Artemis of _____. a. Ephesus 26. The term "misogyny" refers to the hatred of _____. a. Women 27. The father of Artemis is _____. a. Zeus 28. Mt. _____ is located on Delos. a. Cythus Ch 11 1. Apollo's mother gave birth to him near a _____ tree. a. Palm 2. Leto in labor with Apollo for a period of _____ days. a. Nine 3. The preface to T. S. Eliot's poem "The Wasteland" contains the following quote: "Sibyl, what do you want?" "I want to _____." a. Die 4. Apollo slew a she-dragon near Delphi, for which he is known as Apollo the _____. a. Pythian 5. Delphi is situated on the slopes of Mount _____. a. Parnassus 6. To determine Delphi to be the center of the world, _____ released two eagles that then flew towards one another from opposite ends of the earth. a. Zeus 7. Apollo took the form of a _____ in order to recruit a crew of Cretan sailors as priests for his shrine at Delphi. a. Dolphin 8. The _____ Games were celebrated every four years at Delphi. a. Pythian 9. Pindar's odes celebrate the victors in _____ competitions. a. Athletic 10. The priestess in Apollo's temple at Delphi was called the _____. a. Pythia 11. During the winter, Apollo left Delphi for the land of the _____. a. Hyperboreans

12. The mother of Apollo is _____. a. Leto 13. The symbol of divine prophetic power at Delphi was a _____. a. Tripod 14. In general, prophetesses of Apollo throughout the ancient world were called _____. a. Sibyl 15. The most famous Sibyl of antiquity prophesied in a cave at _____ (in Italy). a. Cumae 16. For rejecting the advances of Apollo, _____ was cursed so that no one would believe her prophecies. a. Cassandra 17. The _____ was an archaic stone that marked Delphi as the "center of the earth." a. Omphalos 18. Marpessa chose _____ over Apollo as her love. a. Idas 19. After defeating _____ in a music contest, Apollo skinned him alive. a. Marsyas 20. Apollo had a "successful" affair with the nymph Cyrene. a. True 21. The Greek word for "laurel" is _____. a. Daphne 22. As she was being pursued by Apollo, _____ was transformed into a laurel tree. a. Daphne 23. King _____ disputed the results of a music competition between Apollo and Pan and as a resulted acquired the ears of an ass. a. Midas 24. The god Cupid/Eros caused _____ to reject the advances of Apollo. a. Daphne 25. Apollo's lover _____ was killed by a discus and subsequently transformed into a flower. a. Hyacinthus 26. _____ mourned the death of a sacred stag and was transformed into a cypress tree. a. Cyparissus 27. In order to see the MAGNIFICENT statue of Apollo and Daphne by Gian Lorenzo _____, one must visit the Borghese Gallery (my favorite museum in the whole world) in Rome. a. Bernini 28. The child born of Apollo's affair with Coronis was _____, who became highly skilled in the art of medicine.

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a. Asclepius 29. Apollo's son Asclepius was known in the Roman world as _____. (Google it. It starts with the letter A.) a. Aesculapius 30. The dying words of the philosopher _____ were "Crito, we owe a cock to Asclepius. Pay it and do not neglect it." a. Socrates 31. Part of being cured at one of Asclepius' sanctuaries involved being licked by _____. a. Snakes 32. The father of medicine was the Asclepiad _____ of Cos. a. Hippocrates 33. Within the modern medical community, the staff of Asclepius has become confused with the _____ of Hermes. a. Caduceus 34. The two maxims "Know _____." and "Nothing too much." appeared on the Temple of Apollo at Delphi. a. Thyself 35. The nature of Apollo is often contrasted with that of the Greek god _____. a. Dionysus 36. The Delphic Oracle was closed for three months during the winter. a. True 37. The Cumaean Sibyl prophesied in the temple of Apollo on the summit of an oak- forested hill. a. False Ch 12 1. As the escort of souls to the Underworld, Hermes is known as _____. a. Psychopompos 2. What animal did Hermes use to construct the body of the lyre? a. Tortoise 3. The name Hermes means "he from the _____. a. Stone-heap 4. On the day of his birth, Hermes invented the _____. a. Lyre 5. The snake-entwined wand carried by Hermes is called the _____. a. Caduceus 6. Today, one can see the Pleiades as an open _____ cluster. a. star

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7. The statue Hermes and the Infant Dionysus by _____ was found in the Temple of Hera at Olympia. a. Praxiteles 8. The father of Hermes is _____. a. Zeus 9. Hermes is often referred to as Argeiphontes, the slayer of _____. a. Argus 10. The principal literary source for the birth and childhood of Hermes is the _____ Hymn to Hermes . a. Homeric 11. Similar to Prometheus, Hermes plays the role of archetypal _____. a. Trickster 12. Hermes' traveler's hat is called the _____. a. Petasus 13. Hermes' talaria are his winged _____. a. Sandals 14. Hermes' most important and familiar role is as the _____ of the gods a. Messenger 15. A square pillar with a phallus and the head of Hermes is called a _____. a. Herm 16. The nymph _____ fell in love with Hermaphroditus, and their bodies became joined together. a. Salmacis 17. The mother of Hermes is _____. a. Maia 18. Statues of Hermaphroditus often depict him/her/them sleeping. a. True 19. On the day of his birth, Hermes stole a herd of cattle belonging to _____. a. Apollo 20. Herms were used in Corinth to mark the residences of male prostitutes. a. False 21. Hermes performs the same general function for the gods as Iris does for Hera. a. True Ch 13 1. The female devotees of Dionysus are called Bacchae or _____. a. Maenads 2. The mother of Dionysus was killed by the splendor of his father _____. a. Zeus 3. Dionysus is sometimes called the "twice-born" god because he was born a second time from the _____ of Zeus. a. Thigh

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4. The ivy-wound, pine-cone-tipped pole carried by worshipers of Dionysus is called a _____. a. Thyrsus 5. _____ appeared to the mother of Dionysus as an old woman. a. Hera 6. Evidence that Dionysus was worshiped in Greece during the Bronze Age was found in the Linear B tablets. a. True 7. The tragic play The Bacchae by the Athenian playwright _____ is our best source of information on the nature and worship of Dionysus. a. Euripides 8. The painting The Death of Semele on p. 301 of our textbook is by Peter Paul _____. a. Rubens 9. A stone coffin, typically adorned with sculpture, is called a _____. a. Sarcophagus 10. The father of Ino, Agave, and Semele is _____. a. Cadmus 11. The god _____ often appears along with Zeus in representations of the birth of Dionysus. a. Hermes 12. The tragic play Bacchae is set in the city of _____. a. Thebes 13. The retired king _____ and the blind priest urge the acceptance of the worship of Dionysus. a. Cadmus 14. The priest _____ was blind. a. Tiresias 15. The "stranger" arrested by Pentheus is actually _____. a. Dionysus 16. Pentheus learns initially from a messenger about the activities of his mother and the women of Thebes on the mountainside and in neighboring villages. a. True 17. When Agave returns to her senses from her Bacchic frenzy, she realizes that she is holding the _____ of her son Pentheus ? a. Head 18. The hip-gyrating rock-and-roll star Elvis _____ Presley was regarded by many parents in the mid-1950s as a corrupting and subversive Dionysus figure. a. Aaron 19. The term for a ritual communion involving the eating of raw flesh is _____.

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a. Omophagy 20. The mother of Dionysus was _____. a. Semele 21. The young Theban king _____ challenged the worship of Dionysus and died as a result. a. Pentheus 22. The most familiar story of Echo and Narcissus is told by the Augustan poet _____. a. Ovid 23. The goat-like male followers of Dionysus are called _____. a. Satyrs 24. The pirate sailors who had captured Dionysus leapt from their ship and turned into _____. a. Dolphins 25. The older satyr-like tutor/follower of Dionysus was named _____. a. Silenus 26. Dionysus married Ariadne, who had been abandoned by Theseus on the island of _____. a. Naxos 27. Greek drama appears to have evolved in Athens from the worship of Dionysus. a. True 28. Dionysus granted the "golden touch" to King _____. a. Midas 29. The Dionysus kylix by Exekias contains _____ clusters of grapes and seven dolphins? a. 7 30. The god _____ created a musical instrument called the syrinx. a. Pan 31. The nymph _____ was pursued by Pan and transformed into a bed of reeds. a. Syrinx 32. Pan haunted particularly a mountainous region of Greece called _____. a. Arcadia 33. The Afternoon of a Faun is an impressionistic tone poem by the French composer Claude _____. a. Debussy 34. The adjective _____ is used to describe excessive self-love. a. Narcissistic 35. The term "narcissism" was created by the Viennese psychoanalyst Sigmund _____. a. Freud 36. The nymph _____ could only repeat the words of others. a. Echo

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37. _____ fell in love with his own reflection in a pool of water. a. Narcissus 38. The German philosopher/poet/philologist Friedrich _____, who died insane, sometimes signed his correspondence "Dionysus." a. Nietzsche 39. With what "trophy" does Agave return from the mountainside to Thebes? a. her son's head on a thyrsus Ch 14 1. What fruit did Hades give to Persephone to ensure that she remained with him in the Underworld? a. pomegranate 2. The mother of Persephone is _____. a. Demeter 3. Demeter was by the Maiden Well when she was graciously welcomed by the women of _____. a. Eleusis 4. The Roman name for Persephone is _____. a. Proserpina 5. When _____ was abducted by Hades, she was picking flowers in a meadow. a. Persephone 6. seated cult statue of Demeter from Cnidus. Whenever I visit the _____ Museum, a. British 7. In the city of _____, Italy, can one see Bernini's Hades and Persephone ? a. Rome 8. Demeter once nursed an infant named Demophoon. a. true 9. The arts of agriculture were taught by a young messenger of Demeter named _____. a. Triptolemus 10. Throughout much of antiquity, the Eleusinian _____ were celebrated near Athens. a. Mysteries 11. Winter on earth occurs while _____ is with her husband in the Underworld? a. Persephone 12. The goddess _____ is often called Kore. a. Persephone Ch 15

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1. The spirit of the hero _____ tells Odysseus that he would rather be a living slave than the ruler of the Underworld. a. Achilles 2. The region of torture in the Underworld is known as _____ or Erebus. a. Tartarus 3. The ferryman on the River Styx (sometimes Acheron) is _____. a. Charon 4. Odysseus' comrade _____ died when he fell from the roof of Circe's house. a. Elpenor 5. The mother of Odysseus is _____. a. Anticlea 6. What kind of animal says "Brekekekex koax koax?" a. Frog 7. Odysseus traveled to the Underworld primarily to consult the seer _____. a. Tiresias 8. Ajax, the son of _____, refused to speak with Odysseus in the Underworld. a. Telamon 9. _____ stands in a pool of water with fruit dangling over his head. a. Tantalus 10. Aeneas' ticket into the Underworld is a "_____ bough." a. Golden 11. In Book 10 of The Republic, Plato presents an account of the afterlife in the so- called "Myth of _____." a. Er 12. The earliest account of the Greek underworld is found in Homer's epic poem the _____. a. Odyssey 13. In Book 6 of the Aeneid , the Roman poet _____ takes his hero into the Underworld to meet the spirit of his father. a. Vergil 14. Just as Ajax refused to speak to Odysseus in the Underworld, so _____ refused to speak to Aeneas. a. Dido 15. The Romans called the queen of the Underworld _____. a. Proserpine 16. A distant realm of Paradise in the upper world is known as the Islands of the _____. a. Blessed 17. Vultures tear at the the liver of _____, who is tied to the floor of Tartarus. a. Tityus

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18. For attempting to seduce a likeness of Hera, _____ was bound to a burning wheel in Tartarus. a. Ixion 19. Aeneas is shown a parade of Roman heroes in the Underworld by his father _____. a. Anchises 20. In Book VI of the Aeneid , the twin gates of Sleep are made of horn and _____. a. Ivory 21. Aeneas and the Sibyl exit the Underworld via the gate made of _____. a. Ivory 22. The region of Elysium is also known as the Elysian _____. a. Fields 23. The three judges in the Underworld are Aeacus, Rhadamanthys, and _____. a. Minos 24. Match the river with its description. a. Styx = hate b. Acheron = woe c. Lethe = forgetfulness d. Cocytus = wailing e. Pyriphlegethon = fire 25. It was customary to bury a corpse with a _____ in the mouth. a. Coin 26. The souls of the dead are escorted to the Underworld by Hermes _____. a. Psychopompos 27. The entrance to the Underworld is guarded by a three-headed dog named _____. a. Cerberus 28. Hades is sometimes called _____ or Dis, meaning "the wealthy one." a. Pluto 29. The name _____ may mean "unseen." a. Hades 30. The Romans called the king of the Underworld and his realm _____. a. Orcus 31. The wife of Hades and queen of the Underworld is _____. (Greek name). a. Persephone 32. Aeneas' guide in the Underworld is the _____ of Cumae. a. Sibyl 33. Lake _____ is so called because birds would not fly over it. a. Avernus 34. The forty-nine (out of fifty) _____ killed their husbands on their wedding night and attempt to carry water in sievelike containers

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a. Danaids 35. One who has murdered a blood relative is tormented by the _____. a. Furies 36. _____ continually rolls a rock up a hill. a. Sisyphus 37. The Eumenides is a kinder, gentler name for the _____. a. Furies 38. Dante's guide through the Underworld (Inferno) is _____. a. Vergil 39. The Frogs , an early musical version of the Aristophanes play by Stephen _____, was recently presented at Lincoln Center in NYC.

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a. Sondheim 40. Hades in Greek myth plays a punitive role very much like that of Satan in the Christian world. a. Ch 16 1. The two most influential accounts of the Orpheus story are given by the Roman poets _____ and Ovid. a. Vergil 2. According to Ovid, Orpheus' wife died from a snakebite on her _____. a. Ankle 3. The wife of Orpheus was _____. a. Eurydice 4. The god (not goddess) of marriage is _____. a. Hymen 5. Orpheus was permitted to bring his wife back from the Underworld, provided that he not _____ back at her. a. Look 6. Orpheus was hurled by the Furies to his death from a mountain cliff in Thessaly. a. False ; Torn apart by maenads 7. The "growing together" of Greek and early Christian stories is an example of _____. a. Syncretism 8. The haunting film Black Orpheus is set in Johannesburg, South Africa. a. False ; rio de janiro 9. The father of Orpheus was either a river god or the god _____. a. Apollo 10. The mother of Orpheus was usually said to be _____, one of the Muses. a. Calliope 11. The 2019 Broadway musical _____, a retelling of the story of Orpheus and Eurydice, won eight Tony Awards. a. Hadestown 12. Often performed today is the influential opera Orfeo ed Euridice by Christoph Willibald _____. a. Gluck

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Mythology Test 1

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