CVG 3132-Assignment 1
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Chemistry
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CVG3132 Physical and Chemical Unit Operations of Water and Wastewater Treatment
Assignment #1
Due Date: Monday, Feb. 5
th
Topic: Material Balance & Reactor Design TA: Dorsa Hejazi (Email: zheja067@uottawa.ca)
1-1. Seawater can be desalinized by reverse osmosis (RO) process. As indicated, the process creates two streams, one more concentrated than incoming seawater, and the other less concentrated. Assume that the density of water is 1 kg/L.
a) Calculate the mass of salt and flow rates of 2 streams leaving RO.
b) Calculate the recycle ratio defined as mass ratio of recycle stream to the waste stream. RO
Sea Water
500 kg/hr
3.1 % Salt Desalinized Water
500 mg/L salt
Brine Waste
5.25 % Salt
Brine Recycle
4.0 % Salt
Assignment #1 - MATERIAL BALANCE & REACTOR DESIGN
1-2. Your stomach is a chemical reactor. If you eat a 325 g hamburger, in response your stomach starts to produce acids at a rate of 12 mL/min as the hamburger is digested. This fluid leaves your stomach at the same rate keeping the volume of the mixture of food and liquid at a constant volume of 1.15 L. The hamburger digestion rate is 1.33 1/hr.
a) What kind of ideal reactor would you model your stomach as? State any assumption.
b) What fraction of the hamburger’s
mass remain undigested after 1 hour after you eat it? Assignment #1 - MATERIAL BALANCE & REACTOR DESIGN
Your preview ends here
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1-3. Lagoons are used to treat municipal wastewater. Suppose that lagoons can be assumed to act as a complete mix reactor. The organic matter (OM) is degraded according to the first-order reaction, with k = 0.25 1/day. If a city produces 5,000 cubic meters of wastewater per day, how much surface area would be needed if the average depth is 2.5 m? The side slope = 1V: 3H (1 vertical to 3 horizontal). OM of the influent is 200 mg/L and the discharge standard concentration is 20 mg/L. State all your assumptions! Also derive the equation for determination of C
e
based on known values of C
e
, Q, and V. V
C
0
, Q
C
e
, Q
Assignment #1 - MATERIAL BALANCE & REACTOR DESIGN
Related Questions
16. The combustion of gasoline (octane) in a car engine can be represented by the following equation:
2C3H18(1) + 2502(g)
a. What mass of oxygen is used up to burn a full tank of 36.00 kg of gasoline? Text
--> 16CO2(g) +18H20(g)
b. Why might a vehicle that is calibrated to run perfectly at sea level run poorly at higher elevations? Text
Тext
According to the Canadian Automobile Association, the average Canadian drives 20,000 km/yr.
C.
Assuming that distance, how many more kg of carbon dioxide are added to the atmosphere each year
by a Toyota Tacoma (fuel economy of 12.8 L/100 km) than a Toyota Prius (4.52 L/100 km)? The density
of gasoline is 0.719 kg/L.
arrow_forward
1) Listen
-5
The Ksp value for calcium sulfate [CaSO4] is 2.40 X 10 and a professor made 1825
mL of a CaSO4(ag) solution but then one of his graduate student accidentally poured
in a 0.125 M solution of calcium phosphate [Cag(PO4)2] solution. You may ignore
the additional volume coming from the Ca3(PO4)2 solution to make the calculation
simpler. Calculate the new sulfate (SO42) ion concentration at equilibrium with this
common ion effect.
6.40 x 10-5
5.25 x 10-5
6.21 x 10-5
5.44 x 10-5
201591..docx
LAB EXP. #3 -..docx
Show All
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3. Suppose you are to measure the BOD removal rate for a primary wastewater treatment plant.
You take 2 samples of raw sewage on its way into the plant and two samples of the effluent
leaving the plant. Standard 5-day BOD tests are run on the four samples, with no seeding
producing the following data:
Sample
Dilution
Doi (mg/L)
DOf (mg/L)
Source
1
Raw
1:30
9.0
2.2
2
Raw
1:20
9.0
?
3
Treated
1:15
8.5
1.5
4
Treated
?
9.0
1
a. Find the BOD5 for the raw and treated sewage, and the percent removal of BOD in the
treatment plant.
b. Find the DO that would be expected in sample 2 at the end of the test.
c. What would be the maximum volume of treated sewage for sample 4 that could be put into
the 300 mL BOD bottle and still have the DO after 5 days remain above zero?
arrow_forward
Project PART I. Our Carbon Budget
A major driver of global climate change is the emissions of greenhouse gases such as CO₂ into the
atmosphere from human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels for transportation, electric
power generation, manufacturing, agriculture, home heating, and so forth. Global average temper-
atures are now slightly higher than 1° C above their pre-Industrial Revolution levels. Damaging
sea level rise and extreme weather events (such as the recent wildfires in Canada that led to the
unhealthy air in NYC last summer) will become an increasingly major problem around the world
if global average temperature rises more than 1.5° C. Scientists estimate that the total additional
amount of CO₂ that can be put into the atmosphere without reaching the 1.5° C level is about 51
parts per million (ppm) or approximately 400 Gigatons (Gt). Let's call 51 ppm our carbon budget.
In this project, we want to use linear systems of differential equations to analyze the…
arrow_forward
Each week CapeChem, a manufacturer of fine chemicals, uses up 150. kg of Compound A and 350. kg of Compound B in a reaction with only one product,
Compound C.
What is the maximum theoretical mass of Compound C that
CapeChem could ship each week?
Round your answer to the nearest kilogram.
Suppose on average the percent yield of C in CapeChem's reactors
is 42.%. Calculate the average amount of Compound C that
CapeChem actually ships each week.
Round your answer to the nearest kilogram.
0
0
x10
ロ・ロ
X
00
arrow_forward
Each week CapeChem, a manufacturer of fine chemicals, uses up
300.kg
of Compound
A
and
900.kg
of Compound
B
in a reaction with only one product, Compound
C
.
What is the maximum theoretical mass of Compound
C
that CapeChem could ship each week?
Round your answer to the nearest kilogram.
Suppose on average the percent yield of
C
in CapeChem's reactors is
93.%
. Calculate the average amount of Compound
C
that CapeChem actually ships each week.
Round your answer to the nearest kilogram.
arrow_forward
An action will release carbon tetrachloride to the atmosphere resulting in an air concentration
at the source of 10° g/m3. Assume an adult inhales this contaminated air from 5pm to 9am on
weekdays and 24 hours/day on weekends for their entire life, that it takes 5 minutes for the
source to reach his window. Determine if the lifetime risk of developing a fatal form of cancer is
acceptable.
arrow_forward
external tool/2323235171/launch
ecovery
A
1 Prev
liation Exam-Part 1
Next
CK-12 Stoichiometry Remediation Exam -Part 1
Pause
Submit
13/30
14. Sodium metal reacts with water according to the following reaction.
2Na(s) + 2H2O(1) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
What mass sodium is consumed in a reaction that produces
5.81 g H2?
a 66.1 g Na
b 264 g Na
c 132 g Na
d 230 g Na
416 PM
4/14/2022
skip
Check it
61°F Sunny
arrow_forward
The combustion of gasoline (octane) in a car engine can be represented by the following equation:
2C3H18(1) + 2502(g) --> 16CO2(g) +18H2O(g)
a. What mass of oxygen is used up to burn a full tank of 36.00 kg of gasoline?
b. Why might a vehicle that is calibrated to run perfectly at sea level run poorly at higher elevations?
C.
According to the Canadian Automobile Association, the average Canadian drives 20,000 km/yr.
Assuming that distance, how many more kg of carbon dioxide are added to the atmosphere each year
by a Toyota Tacoma (fuel economy of 12.8 L/100 km) than a Toyota Prius (4.52 L/100 km)? The density
of gasoline is 0.719 kg/L.
arrow_forward
+
terface/acellus_engine.htm?ClassID=1467683063
Use the data below to determine the
mass ratio of iron to oxygen for
compound 2.
Compound
1
2
Et
onal Academy of Science. All Rights Reserved.
Mass Fe
(grams)
15.55
20.98
[20:1
Enter the answer that belongs in the green box.
Iron Ratio Cmpd 2
Mass O
(grams)
4.45
9.02
Sh
Enter
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details
arrow_forward
O My Apps
6 Schoology x
9 Vaping hez x
SIS Logout
E Microsoft x
E Draw Conc x
O World War x
W Ame-
Ô https://epsnj.schoology.com/common-assessment-delivery/start/5614731235?action=Donresume&submis
Do Now 1/31 Balancing
POS
NH3(g) +
O2(g) _ N2(g) + _ H,0(g)
When the reaction above is completely balanced, the coefficient for NH3 will be
O 2
O 3
O 4
O 5
31
P Type here to search
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4,6,7,8)
Question 19 of 20 (5 points) Question Attempt: 1 of 1
Time Remaining: 30:47
Hannah
10
= 11
= 12
=13
=14
=15
= 16
17
18
19
20
Predict the reactants of this chemical reaction. That is, fill in the left side of the chemical equation. Be sure the equation you submit is balanced. (You can edit
both sides of the equation to balance it, if you need to.)
do
Note: you are writing the molecular, and not the net ionic equation.
-
CaBr, (aq) + H,O(1)
Submit Assignment
Continue
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please answer both quickly, thanks for the help
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A water quality monitoring found that local bayou contains 8.72x10-4 % (wt/wt) nitrate ion ( MW = 62.01 g/mol). Yet the EPA standard for the nitrate content in a natural water body is 1.613x10-4 M or lower. Is the mentioned bayou water in that location acceptable from the EPA standard ? List your calculation steps (Density of bayou water is 1.0 g/mL).
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2.
Ferrous iron (Fe2+) must be removed from a steel plant wastewater to meet a
pretreatment standard of 106 M. The proposed treatment scheme involves
oxidizing the ferrous iron to ferric iron (Fe³+) in a CMFR. The ferric hydroxide
precipitate (Fe(OH)3(s)) will be continuously removed from the bottom of the
reactor to maintain steady state conditions. Dissolved oxygen will be added to the
reactor by bubbling air through the solution. The pH in the reactor will be kept
constant by the addition of a well-buffered caustic waste stream from another part
of the plant. You are given the following information:
Temperature=20 °C
Waste stream flow rate
Caustic stream flow rate
=
1000 L/min
=
100 L/min
Concentration of Fe²+ in the waste stream=5x10-3 M
Volume of reactor-72,500 L
Saturation concentration of oxygen at 20 °C = 9.08 mg/L = 2.84x104 M
Constant pH in the reactor = 9
Assume that there is no dissolved oxygen in either the waste stream or the
caustic stream.
The reaction occurs in two…
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A patient is to receive 10 mEq of potassium gluconate (MW = 234) four times a day for 3 days. If the dose is to be a teaspoonful of syrup vehicle. How many grams of potassium gluconate should be used and what volume in mL should be dispensed to provide the prescribed dosage regimen?
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2. An 84 kg University of Toledo groundskeeper who is spraying a 100 mg/L solution of the
insecticide dieldrin (MW = 381; logP = 4.56) on some trees exposes 100 cm“ of his skin to the
solution over a 4 hr period. Dieldrin has a half-life of about 6 months, a volume of distribution of
about 40 L/kg, and a dermal permeability of about 3 x 10° cm/sec.
(a) Estimate the absorption rate during the exposure period assuming the blood concentration is
much lower than the skin concentration (i.e., take the blood level to be zero in the skin
absorption equation).
(b) Estimate how it takes after exposure begins for the groundskeeper's plasma dieldrin levels to
reach 1 ng/L.
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma dieldrin concentration in ng/L that will occur in this
groundskeeper due to this exposure.
(d) Estimate how long it will take after exposure ends for the groundskeeper's plasma dieldrin
levels to drop back down to 1 ng/L.
%3D
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5cd_i-5c7IV_IVquz8U4U02epq7z4kBnpYZ5iA/edit
&
nsions Help
EB Ga...
estions:
1
2
11
+ BIU
Key Words: global warming
et
3
1. Why is oxygen NOT a greenhouse gas?
A
4
> DOE-E X-E
greenhouse gas
6
infrared energy
3. The atmosphere on the planet Venus is almost 96 % carbon dioxide. What effect might its
concentration of carbon dioxide have on the average surface temperature on Venus?
is not a greenhouse gas because it is transparent to infrared light. and greenhouse gasses absorb
oxygen
infrared radiations. meaning it can not absorb heat.
2. Why is the effect of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere similar to the effect of glass surrounding a
greenhouse?
Page 3: The Structure of Greenhouse Gases Questions
4. What effect does an increase in the atmospheric carbon dioxide levels (and therefore rising
temperatures) have on the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere? Why?
3
7
I
5. Both coal and natural gas can be burned to generate electricity. However, burning natural gas produces
about half the…
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- + terface/acellus_engine.htm?ClassID=1467683063 Use the data below to determine the mass ratio of iron to oxygen for compound 2. Compound 1 2 Et onal Academy of Science. All Rights Reserved. Mass Fe (grams) 15.55 20.98 [20:1 Enter the answer that belongs in the green box. Iron Ratio Cmpd 2 Mass O (grams) 4.45 9.02 Sh Enterarrow_forwarddetailsarrow_forwardO My Apps 6 Schoology x 9 Vaping hez x SIS Logout E Microsoft x E Draw Conc x O World War x W Ame- Ô https://epsnj.schoology.com/common-assessment-delivery/start/5614731235?action=Donresume&submis Do Now 1/31 Balancing POS NH3(g) + O2(g) _ N2(g) + _ H,0(g) When the reaction above is completely balanced, the coefficient for NH3 will be O 2 O 3 O 4 O 5 31 P Type here to searcharrow_forward
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