PHYS133 Lab 6

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Chemistry

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Feb 20, 2024

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Ideal Gas Law NATALIE AHREND 5850881 PHYS133 C001 LAB 6 PRE-LAB QUESTIONS 1. Use Table 1 to solve problems 1a - 1c. a. Create a graph of x vs. y. Table 1: Ordered Pairs X Y 1 4 3 12 6 24 9 36 10 40 b. Mathematically determine if the relationship between x and y is direct (y = kx) or inverse (y = k/x). Show your work. y/x ratio: 4/1 = 4 12/3 = 4 24/6 = 4 36/9 = 4 40/10 = 4 The relationship is direct due to the straight line in y=kx. c. Determine the value of constant, k. Show your work. k= slope= 40-4/10-1 = 36/9 = 4 ©eScience Labs, 2018
Ideal Gas Law 2. Use Table 2 to solve problems 2a - 2c. a. Create a graph of x vs. y. Table 2: Ordered Pairs X Y 2 18 3 12 6 6 9 4 12 3 b. Mathematically determine if the relationship between x and y is direct (y = kx) or inverse (y = k/x). Show your work. As x increases, y generally decreases c. Determine the value of constant, k. Show your work. y=k/x 18=k/2 k=36 3. A typical tire pressure is 45 pounds per square inch (psi). Convert the units of pressure from psi to kilopascals. 1. Hint : 1 psi = 6900 pascal. 45 psi * (6900 pascals / 1 psi) = 309,960 pascals ©eScience Labs, 2018
Ideal Gas Law 309,960 pascals / 1,000 = 309.96 kilopascals ©eScience Labs, 2018
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Ideal Gas Law EXPERIMENT 1: CHARLES’ LAW Data Sheet Table 3: Temperature vs. Volume of Gas Data Temperature Conditions Temperature (ºC) Volume (mL) Room Temperature 20   5 Hot Water  7  2.1 Ice Water  46  3.4 Post-Lab Questions 1. Use a pencil and graph paper to create a graph of temperature and volume data. Place temperature (remember to use degrees Celsius) on the x-axis and volume (mL) on the y- axis. Leave room on the left side of your chart for temperature values below zero. 2. What happened to the volume of gas when the syringe was exposed to various temperature conditions? Using the concepts explored in the Introduction, describe why this occurred, keeping in mind the definition of temperature. The volume of the gas increased and decreased depending on the temperature condition the syringe was exposed to. When the temperature increased, the volume increased and vice versa. This occurred because the molecules were more active in the hot water, which led to an increase in volume and the molecules were less active in the ice water, which led to the decrease in volume. ©eScience Labs, 2018
Ideal Gas Law 3. Using a ruler, draw a straight line of best fit through your data points, extrapolating the line until it intersects the (negative) x-axis. Why can you assume a linear relationship (a straight- lined slope)? We can assume a linear relationship because Charles’ Law tells us that pressure is constant and there is a direct relationship between volume and temperature. 4. At what temperature does your line intersect the x-axis? What volume corresponds to this temperature? It would most likely intersect around 255-275 K. 5. Would it be possible to cool a real gas down to zero volume? Why or why not? What do you think would happen before that volume was reached? No it would not be possible to cool a real gas down to zero volume because as we cool down a gas, its volume can never reach zero. 6. Is your measurement of absolute zero close to the actual value (-273 °C)? Calculate a percent error. How might you change the experiment to get closer to the actual value? ©eScience Labs, 2018