Experiemnt #10- CHEM 2212

A benzene ring alters the reactivity of a neighboring group in the so-called “benzylic” position, similarly to how a double bond alters the reactivity of groups in the “allylic” position. Benzylic cations, anions, and radicals are all more stable than simple alkyl intermediates. a) Use resonance structures to show the delocalization of the positive charge, negative charge, and unpaired electron of the benzyl cation, anion, and radical.

1-pentanol + HBr -> 1-bromopentane Is this substitution reaction reversible? In other words, would one expect to obtain an equilibrium mixture of the alcohol and bromoalkene at the end of the reaction of would one expect this reaction to go to completion? Justify your answer?

The reaction below is known as the haloform reaction. Why do only methyl ketones form a haloform? Explain using both chemical structures and words.

Alcohols are acidic in nature. Therefore, a strong base can abstract the acidic hydrogen atom of the alcohol in a process known as deprotonation. The alcohol forms an alkoxide ion by losing the proton attached to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl ( -OH) group. The alkoxide formed can act as a base or a nucleophile depending on the substrate and reaction conditions. However, not all bases can abstract the acidic proton of alcohols and not all alcohols easily lose the proton. Deprotonation depends on the strength of the base and the acidity of the alcohol. Strong bases, such as NaNH2, can easily abstract a proton from almost all alcohols. Likewise, more acidic alcohols lose a proton more easily. Determine which of the following reactions would undergo deprotonation based on the strength of the base and the acidity of the alcohol. Check all that apply. ► View Available Hint(s) CH3CH,OH + NH3 →CH,CH,O-NH CH3 CH3 H3C-C-H+NH3 → H3 C-C-H OH O-NH CH3CH2OH + NaNH, → CH3CH,O-Na* + NH3 CHC12 Cl₂…

1-pentanol + NaBr/H2SO4 -> 1-bromopentane Is this substitution reaction reversible? In other words, would one expect to obtain an equilibrium mixture of the alcohol and bromoalkene at the end of the reaction of would one expect this reaction to go to completion? Justify your answer?

This reaction does not follow the expected theory. Given what you know about substitution/elimination, what is the expected mechanism this reaction should follow? Suggest why that is not what happens and give the actual product of the reaction. Br ткон s

Electrophilic aromatic substitutions proceed in two stages. 1. Attack of the aromatic ring on the electrophile. 2. Regeneration of the stable aromatic system by loss of a positively charged unit, usually a proton. Br Br₂/FeBr3 Draw one resonance structure for the intermediate formed when the electrophile is attacked by benzene in the reaction above. • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • Do not include lone pairs in your answer. They will not be considered in the grading.

Fill the blank space.  Compounds containing a phenol group may work as ANTIOXIDANTS to prevent free radical damage.  This is accomplished when a free radical (or UV light) encounters a phenol group, turning the phenol group into a radical.  However, contrary to typical radical behavior, the structure of the phenol radical can neutralize (or quench) the unpaired electron.  Specifically, the phenol structure neutralizes (or quenches) the unpaired radical electron by doing the following: taking the electron and ---------.  The correct name (or abbreviation) of an example compound containing a phenol group with antioxidant properties is: ---------.

This is an organic chemistry question. PLEASE SHOW STEP BY STEP! ALSO PLEASE INCLUDE ALL ELECTRON LONE PAIRS AND CHARGES FOR STRUCTURES IF NECESSARY! Make sure you include a detailed explanation of your answer.

1. What are the general instructions before, during, and after experiment, especially in organic chemistry? What are the dos and don’ts in the laboratory? 2. A BSES student, Christian, is working in an organic laboratory for the experiment on the organic synthesis without the guidance of his superlatively handsome instructor, Arwil Nathaniel Alfonso ©. He prepared five organic solvents: 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 2-pentanone, benzaldehyde, and m-cresol but he didn't put any label in any of these. Meanwhile, Ryan used the solvents she prepared and placed back in different order. Knowing Christian would punch Ryan in his digestive tract because there is a possible explosion. Prepare a systematic flow chart of qualitative tests to help Ryan to label the solvents before Christian used the organic solvents. 3. Draw the systematic reaction mechanism for between the reaction of isoamyl alcohol and acetic acid. What are the products? What is the functional group of the major product? Does it have…

Concentrated phosphoric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid are common choices for dehydrating alcohols. Concentrated hydrochloric acid is not. What problem might occur if concentrated hydrochloric acid were substituted for phosphoric acid in the cyclohexene synthesis? allylic chlorination of the cyclohexene product may occur chlorocyclohexane may form as a byproduct the equilibrium will now favor formation of cyclohexanol by Le Chatelier's Principle hydrochloric acid is a weaker acid than phosphoric acid

[Review Topics] [References] Acyl transfer (nucleophilic substitution at carbonyl) reactions proceed in two stages via a "tetrahedral intermediate." Draw the tetrahedral intermediate as it is first formed in the following reaction. %3D H3C CH3 HO-CH3 • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • Include all valence lone pairs in your answer. • Do not include counter-ions, e.g., Na*, I', in your answer. • In cases where there is more than one answer, just draw one. C P. opy Bste C. Previous Next Email Instructor Save and Exit Cengage Learning | Cengage Technical Support 5:50 PM arch 82°F 3/28/2022

Which reaction or statement regarding nucleophilic substitutions is incorrect? A) C₁ + 2 H2O ноттон + 2 HCI B) ta CI+MeOH to + HCI C) D) The rate-limiting step in SN1 reactions is the initial step, loss of the leaving group. Nucleophilic substitution reactions that follow second-order kinetics involve complete inversion of configuration.

a) Consider the reaction of HBr with ethylene and propylene. At roomtemperature the reaction of propylene with HBr is much faster than thereaction with ethylene.Using reaction energy diagrams and your knowledge of carbocationstability explain why this is so. b) Xylene (dimethylbenzene) is a commonly used chemical in the printingindustry and as a cleaning solvent for oily waste. It is also used whenpreparing histological samples to remove waxes from biological samples.Draw the three possible structures for this compound and give the UPACnames for each. Define which structures are ortho, meta, and para.

Find a real-world example of chemistry where nucleophilic substitution is involved.

Both questions related to each other. Need solution for both with explanation

Organic Chemistry Can you please explain how this reaction sequence happens... show the stepwise mechanisms for both step 1 and 2  see attached image