bio chem week 4 lab

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Chamberlain College of Nursing *

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120

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Chemistry

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Feb 20, 2024

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CHEM120 OL, Week 4 Lab OL Lab 7: Ideal Gas Law Learning Objectives Explain the physical concepts of temperature and absolute zero Define the relationship between pressure, volume and temperature in gases using gas thermometry Apply the Ideal Gas Law Give examples of acids and bases from everyday life Define pH and identify acids and bases using the pH scale Apply the Bronsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases to chemical compounds Describe the amphoteric and self-ionization capacity of water Calculate the pH of a strong acid and base in solution Assess whether a neutralization reaction will occur Evaluate the outcome of simple acid-base reactions Introduction Do you know that you can save a life using the ideal gas law? In the Ideal Gas Law simulation, you will define the physical concept of temperature and absolute zero. You’ll learn about the relationship between pressure, volume and temperature in gases using gas thermometry. Explore your workbench Your first mission in the Ideal Gas Law simulation will be to have a look at the equipment at your disposal and acknowledge what you would need for your experiment. Learn the roles of each piece of equipment and how they will play a part in your gas thermometry. Experiment with gas thermometry Handling extreme temperatures is not a hazard as long as you’re a part of this simulation! Observe the changes in the pressure of an ideal gas as you cool it down from the temperature of boiling water to the temperature of boiling nitrogen. You are lucky you’re in a virtual lab as this means you can speed up time for the pressure to reach equilibrium! You will have complete freedom to repeat the experiment with any amount of gas and to define the absolute zero temperature. Are you ready to apply the Ideal Gas Law and everything you learned in gas thermometry in order to assist the transfer of an organ for a transplant surgery? Report back to the paramedics Once you have completed your experiment and have collected all of your data, your final mission would be to share the results with the paramedics so that they can keep the organ safe and sound in the correct pressure and temperature conditions to make it all the way to the hospital.
CHEM120 OL, Week 4 Lab Acidic life How do acidic or alkaline foods affect the pH of our blood, and what does this even mean? Together with your lab assistant, Marie, you will explore different concepts of acids and bases, and investigate how alkaline foods can also contain acids. You will measure the pH of solutions, and dive into these to experience what happens at the molecular level. Salty mixtures In order to determine what reactions occur when you mix acids and bases of different strengths, you will have the freedom to mix these solutions and interpret the resulting salt products. And don’t worry if you make mistakes – in this virtual lab, you can just reset and start over! On-the- go quizzes will make sure you are up to speed, and you can always dive into the theory pages for more in-depth explanations. Corrosive everyday chemicals Acids and bases can be corrosive and very dangerous to handle. But they also play a fundamental role in all living things, in nature, and in the chemical industry. Will you be able to measure the acidity of various substances around you? Part 1: Complete Labster lab: Ideal Gas Law: Apply to Save a Life 1. Purpose: Describe in complete sentences and in your own words, the purpose of this experiment. The purpose of this lab was to explore the behavior of gases and intrigue the user to be curious about these gases as well. This is done through the objective of viewing gases under different conditions, including the impact varying temperatures and pressures have on the gases. 2. Observations: Record three observations from the simulation. I. Aw = 2K; at 0 Aw nothing can survive. II. You can determine the absolute zero temperature by approaching it using a gas thermometer at a very low pressure. However, you will never reach this temp in a lab so you can only approach it! III. High temperature increases the average kinetic energy, and also result in the velocity of molecules hitting the walls of the container to accelerate.
CHEM120 OL, Week 4 Lab 3. If the pressure of a fixed volume of gas decreased in a sealed container, what variable would you think changed? Did this variable increase or decrease? The “T” variable of temperature would be affected if the container is sealed and the pressure decreases. These two variables are proportional, meaning that If P goes down, then so does T. 4. Why is it important to convert into units of Kelvin before using the Ideal gas law? The ideal gas law is based on absolute temperatures, as mentioned in the virtual lab. Therefore, the unit of Kelvin would need to be used as it is an absolute temperature scale. 5. Using what you learned in this simulation, explain why compressed gas cylinders, such as those found in the hospital, typically contain a warning to not leave in sunlight or expose to heat. Since pressure and temperature are proportional in the ideal gas law, hospital staff always warn their patients not to expose their compressed gas tanks to sunlight or expose them to heat because if the temperature increases, so does the pressure, which could cause the cylinder to burst and cause harm to the patient and bystanders. Part 2: Complete the Labster lab: Acids and Bases 1. In your own words, describe how to determine which substance acts an acid and which substance acts as a base in the forward direction of the following reaction: H 2 S + H 2 O ⇌ H 3 O + + HS -
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CHEM120 OL, Week 4 Lab We can look at the proton transfer that occurs between molecules. In the above reaction, H2S donates a proton (H+) to H2O, which, as a by-product, forms H3O. The molecule that donated or sent the proton is known to be an acid, while the substance that accepts the proton is known as a base. So here, H2S is an acid, while H2O is a base. 2. Predict the two products of the following neutralization reaction and label each product using acid/base terminology: Neutralization is the process where an acid and base react to find a salt. In Neutralization, you will always produce both water and salt. I have provided the product for the following equation so you can see this: HCl + RbOH → H2O + RbCl H2O is water, and RbCl is the salt molecule. 3. In your own words, describe the relationship between proton (H + ) concentration, and pH. The concentration of H + ions in a solution is an integral property of a given solution. The pH is the measure of protons (H + ) concentration in a solution. 4. Reflection: Consider what you learned from this simulation. Reflect on three to four key concepts that you learned in this lab exercise. How could the lessons learned in this virtual lab related to a real-world situation in the community/world or your future career? Be specific in your answer (this should require 5-10 sentences). The ideal gas simulation taught me about the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature as it relates to gases. Being able to understand how these variables affect one another is crucial in various medical scenarios. As a surgical tech, sometimes a surgeon might have to use carbon dioxide to inflate a patient’s stomach in order to proceed with a laparoscopic procedure; knowing more about gases gives me the competency I need to advocate for the patient during this procedure, ensuring the patient isn’t hurt. As a future nurse, I will need to monitor and understand pH levels since acids and bases are all over the body and are integral to identifying clinical assessments and interventions. Participating in this lab really helped me with the fundamentals I need to know! Grading Rubric:   Activity   Deliverable   Points  
CHEM120 OL, Week 4 Lab Part I Complete Ideal Gas Law simulation 10 Part II   Complete the Acids and Bases simulation 10 Part III Complete lab report and answer questions  Purpose (1 point)  Observation (3 points)   Questions (6 points)  Reflection (5 points)  15 Total   Complete all lab activities   35

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