Week 5 Virtual lab organic chem
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CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
OL Lab 9: Building models of organic compounds
Learning Objectives:
Build virtual models to learn about the structure of organic compounds
Draw extended structural formulas of organic compounds
Compounds that are based on the carbon atom are known as organic compounds. These compounds commonly contain, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen in addition to carbon. Carbon forms a variety of covalent compounds with varied properties. Carbon containing compounds are formed by sharing electrons, covalent bonds, between atoms. Most biomolecules, as well as most drugs, are classified as organic compounds.
In this laboratory exercise, you will build models of organic compounds virtually and draw the extended structural formula of organic compounds. Online Modeling Resource:
http://molview.org/
Note: Be sure to build each of the compounds as instructed using the online modeling resource kit. This hands-on experience is an important part of this lab. You will need to copy the models you build in the virtual modeling resource and paste the images into this document. Please take the time to explore the structures of these organic compounds.
1
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Exploration 1: Building models of Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons are a diverse group of organic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen. Hydrocarbons can be linear, branched, or cyclic. Additionally, hydrocarbons can be saturated, unsaturated or aromatic. Using the virtual resource build the extended structural formulas of the following compounds. Copy and paste the images into the space below. Additionally, type in the condensed structural formula.
Propane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula: CH 3 CH 2 CH 3
Butane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula: CH 3 CH 2 CH 2
CH3
Ethylene
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Ethyne
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
2
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Condensed Structural Formula:
CH 2 CH 2
Condensed Structural Formula:
C 2 H 2
Propyne
Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
CHCCH 3 or C 3 H 4
Ethane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
CH 3 CH 3
Exploration 2: Identification of Functional Groups Part 2A: Building functional groups
Functional groups alter the properties of hydrocarbons. Using the virtual resource build the extended structural formulas of the following compounds. Copy and paste the images into the space below.
Alcohol-
3
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CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Ether-
Ketone-
Carboxylic acid-
Aldehyde-
Ester-
Amine-
4
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Part 2B: Identification of functional groups:
Complete the table below by identifying the functional groups and names of the condensed structural formulas below.
Condensed Structural Formula
Name of Functional Group
Name of Organic Molecule
CH
3
CH
2
COCH
3
Ketone
Butanone
CH
3
CH
2
CHO
Aldehyde
Propanal
CH
3
OH
Alcohol
Methanol
CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
NH
2
Amine
Pentanamine
CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
COOH
Carboxylic Acid
Butanoic acid
5
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Exploration 3: Building hydrocarbons containing functional groups
Using the virtual resource build the extended structural formulas of the following compounds. Copy and paste the images into the space below.
Difluoromethane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Trichloromethane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Tetrachloromethane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
6
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CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Propanol Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Ethanoic Acid Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Combine the propanol and the ethanoic acid from the last two exercises to make propyl ethanoate:
7
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Phenol
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Dimethyl ether
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
CH 3 OCH 3
Propanal
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Hexanoic acid
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
8
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Condensed Structural Formula:
CH 3 CH 2 CHO
Condensed Structural Formula:
CH 3 (CH 2 ) 4 COOH
Ethylamine
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
C 2 H 5 NH 2
Questions:
1.
Write the names of a biomolecule
(also known as macromolecules) that contain
each of the functional groups below. a.
Amine: amino acids: Lysine
b.
Aldehyde: Monosaccharides: Ribose
c.
Carboxylic Acid: Fatty acids: Oleic acid
9
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CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
d.
Alcohol: Triglycerides: Glycerol
2.
Find an example of an ester used as a fragrance or flavoring and give the name, condensed structural formula, and flavor of your chosen ester.
Ethyl Butyrate
Condensed Structural Formula: CH3CH2COOCH2CH3
The flavor/smell is similar to Mango. Yum!
3.
For each of the following, give the functional group and application a.
Formaldehyde: Aldehyde. This is used in the medical field for preserving specimens removed from the patient during surgery. b.
Ethanol: Alcohol. This is used as a solvent and fuel and is popular in the production of alcoholic drinks.
c.
Acetone: Ketone. This is used as a cleaning agent for hospitals. As a Surg
Tech, I see the OR housekeepers using this to clean with!
d.
Phenol: Hydroxyl group. Used in pharmaceuticals and can also be found in plastics, resins, etc. 10
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Reflection: Consider what you learned from this simulation. Reflect on three to four key concepts that you learned in this lab exercise. How could the lessons learned in this
virtual lab relate to a real world situation in the community/world or your future career? Be specific in your answer (this should require 5-10 sentences).
This lesson helped me tremendously! Understanding the structure and properties of organic compounds is crucial for our nursing careers. A lot of the compounds we discussed are not only all around us but are also in our medications, foods, oils, lotions, etc. Although we may not be doing this type of intricate work in our actual professions, this lab built on our competency to understand journals and evidence-based articles. We may need to know how to address a public health crisis or even educate a curious patient. All-in-all, I am glad I am getting this education and can’t wait to join the nursing field as a “smart-science-based nurse”
11
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Grading Rubric:
Activity
Deliverable
Points
Part I:
Redox Reactions: Discover how batteries work! Virtual Lab
7
Part II: Exploration 1:
Build/draw all hydrocarbons: 5 points
3
Part II: Exploration 2:
Build/draw all functional groups: 3.5 points and complete the table: 5 points.
8.5
Part II: Exploration 3:
Build/draw all organic molecules: 5.5 points,
5.5
Part II: End of lab questions
Complete all questions: 9 points total (Questions 1 and 3 are 4 points each, question 2 is 1 point)
9
Part II: Reflection
Write a 10-14 sentence laboratory reflection
2
All Lab Deliverables
Complete ALL explorations and reflection activities
35
12
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Related Documents
Related Questions
Lewis Structure Worksheet #1
Read the Instructions for Drawing Lewis Structures worksheet carefully and draw Lewis structures for each of the following molecules:
Group A: Simple Molecules
CH4
NC13
NH3
H20
SIF4
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Cl₂
HCl
NH₃
CH₂O
CH₄
O₂
CH₂Cl₂
H₂O
CH₃Li
HCN
CH₂CHCl
CH₃CH₃
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THIS is the equation N2H4 + O2 → N2 + H2O
PLEASE HELP AND LOOK AT THE PICTURE FOR DATA PLEASE HELP! I REALLY NEED HELP BECAUSE MY TEACHER HASENT TAUGHT ME HOW TO DO THIS PLEASE HELP!!!!!
Balance the equation (if not already balanced)
Draw the models of the molecules in the equation, using Lewis structures, ball and stick models or something else that represents each of the atoms and how they are connected.
Identify bonds being formed or broken.
Use bond energy values from below to Calculate the overall energy of the reaction.
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Do question 6 and 7 pleas if you cant do both of them just return the question please
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<
Complete the following structural formula for a neutral molecule by adding H atoms to complete the valence of each
atom. Do not introduce any double or triple bonds.
Then complete the Lewis diagram by adding any unshared electron pairs needed, so that each atom except H has a
complete octet.
[Review Topics]
[References]
Use the References to access important values if needed for this question.
Br Br
C—C—
Write the molecular formula in the order CHX, where X stands for Cl or Br.
Submit Answer
The number of unshared pairs in the Lewis diagram
unshared pair(s).
Retry Entire Group 9 more group attempts remaining
Previous
Email Instructor
Next
Save and E
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compound
hydrogen-bonding force
Between
Between molecules of
formula or Lewis
molecules of the
the compound and
molecules of water?
name
structure
compound?
H
H
|
Н — С
|
|
yes
yes
N-chloromethylamine
-
no
no
H.
yes
yes
hydrogen iodide
HI
no
no
:0:
||
н —с —с-о — н
H
yes
yes
acetic acid
no
no
H
O O
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of the following are correct?
There are a total of 26 valence electrons
There are a total of 24 valence electrons
There are a total of 25 valence electrons
OCI has one lone pair of electrons
CI makes a double bond to one of the oxygens
Each O has a -1 formal charge
20 atoms make a double bond to Cl
All 30 atoms make a double bond to Cl
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Part A
13D
Explain the term "functional group." How do organic chemists use the functional group concept?
A functional group is a group of atoms within a larger molecule that gives the molecule specific physical properties. Organic chemists use functional groups as an
organizational tool in classifying, naming, and calculation of the mass of organic molecules.
A functional group is an atom within a larger molecule that gives the molecule specific physical and chemical properties. Organic chemists use functional groups as an
organizational tool only in classifying and naming of organic molecules.
A functional group is a group of atoms within a larger molecule that gives the molecule specific chemical properties. Organic chemists use functional groups as an
organizational tool in predicting the properties of organic molecules.
A functional group is a group of atoms within a larger molecule that gives the molecule specific physical and chemical properties. Organic chemists use functional…
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Recall that for predicting geometry, double and triple bonds count as only one electron pair.
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6=N_C:
The electron-pair geometry around the N atom in NOCI is
There is/are
lone pair(s) around the central atom, so the geometry of NOCI is
The Lewis diagram for CS₂ is:
S=C=S
The electron-pair geometry around the C atom in CS2 is
There is/are
lone pair(s) around the central atom, so the geometry of CS2 is
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The Lewis structure of N2H2 shows ________.
a nitrogen-nitrogen triple bond
a nitrogen-nitrogen single bond
each nitrogen has one nonbonding electron pair
each nitrogen has two nonbonding electron pairs
each hydrogen has one nonbonding electron pair
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Note: one "electron group" means one lone pair, one single bond,
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What phrase best describes the arrangement of these electron
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(You may need to use the scrollbar to see all the choices.)
(choose one)
X
S
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O Alkynes
O Alkenes
Alkanes
Arenes
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C6H8
C6H10
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The molecular formula of the compound isolated by Michael Faraday from the
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OC6H6
OC6H8
O C6H10
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number of carbon-hydrogen single (C - H) bonds:
number of lone pairs:
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CH₂Cl₂
H₂O
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11
Name: Maddie Klink
Instructor:
Lab Day:
Models of Organic Molecules
Please bring your molecular model kits to lab for the completion of these exercises.
Molecular Modeling:
This lab is designed to help you become comfortable using model kits to visualize molecular
structures in three dimensions.
Part I: Answer these questions before doing any work with your model kit
1. How many bonds must each of the following atoms have in order to have no formal charge?
4 valence
1450na
a. Carbon
b. Hydrogen bond
c. Oxygen
d. Chlorine 7 valence
e. Nitrogen 5 valence
Octet
H-
H
Complete octet = 8-4
H
8-S = 3
3bonds
2. Using the information from question #1, determine whether each of the following structures
is possible or impossible? (Note that if no formal charges are shown, this implies that all
formal charges are zero.)
6 valence
Octet = 8.6
H H
с-н
H
01C C
-K
= 2 bonas
8-1-1 bond
H
H
H-C
Lab Time:
H
-C-H
H
H
H-C-CI-
C-H
++
H
H
-H
HIC C-H
H
VEUR
1
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chemical reaction
1. The equation shows a
--the breaking and forming of chemical bonds that leads to a
reactant
product
nonpolar covalent bond
polar covalent bond
equal to
different from
hydrogen bond
change in the composition of matter.
2. In the equation, CO2 is a
3. In the equation, C6H12O6 is a
4. In O2, the type of bond that holds the two oxygen atoms together is a
5. In H2O, the type of bond that holds one of the hydrogen atoms to the oxygen atom is a
6. The number of oxygen atoms on the left side of the equation is
atoms on the right side.
the number of oxygen
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Start with the sum of valence electrons, then write the Lewis structure. Once the structure is
complete write how many bonding pairs and how many lone pairs are in each structure.
PC13
CS2
CBr4
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Thank you for the help in advance!
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