Week 5 Virtual lab organic chem
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Chamberlain College of Nursing *
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Feb 20, 2024
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CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
OL Lab 9: Building models of organic compounds
Learning Objectives:
Build virtual models to learn about the structure of organic compounds
Draw extended structural formulas of organic compounds
Compounds that are based on the carbon atom are known as organic compounds. These compounds commonly contain, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen in addition to carbon. Carbon forms a variety of covalent compounds with varied properties. Carbon containing compounds are formed by sharing electrons, covalent bonds, between atoms. Most biomolecules, as well as most drugs, are classified as organic compounds.
In this laboratory exercise, you will build models of organic compounds virtually and draw the extended structural formula of organic compounds. Online Modeling Resource:
http://molview.org/
Note: Be sure to build each of the compounds as instructed using the online modeling resource kit. This hands-on experience is an important part of this lab. You will need to copy the models you build in the virtual modeling resource and paste the images into this document. Please take the time to explore the structures of these organic compounds.
1
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Exploration 1: Building models of Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons are a diverse group of organic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen. Hydrocarbons can be linear, branched, or cyclic. Additionally, hydrocarbons can be saturated, unsaturated or aromatic. Using the virtual resource build the extended structural formulas of the following compounds. Copy and paste the images into the space below. Additionally, type in the condensed structural formula.
Propane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula: CH 3 CH 2 CH 3
Butane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula: CH 3 CH 2 CH 2
CH3
Ethylene
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Ethyne
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
2
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Condensed Structural Formula:
CH 2 CH 2
Condensed Structural Formula:
C 2 H 2
Propyne
Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
CHCCH 3 or C 3 H 4
Ethane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
CH 3 CH 3
Exploration 2: Identification of Functional Groups Part 2A: Building functional groups
Functional groups alter the properties of hydrocarbons. Using the virtual resource build the extended structural formulas of the following compounds. Copy and paste the images into the space below.
Alcohol-
3
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CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Ether-
Ketone-
Carboxylic acid-
Aldehyde-
Ester-
Amine-
4
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Part 2B: Identification of functional groups:
Complete the table below by identifying the functional groups and names of the condensed structural formulas below.
Condensed Structural Formula
Name of Functional Group
Name of Organic Molecule
CH
3
CH
2
COCH
3
Ketone
Butanone
CH
3
CH
2
CHO
Aldehyde
Propanal
CH
3
OH
Alcohol
Methanol
CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
NH
2
Amine
Pentanamine
CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
COOH
Carboxylic Acid
Butanoic acid
5
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Exploration 3: Building hydrocarbons containing functional groups
Using the virtual resource build the extended structural formulas of the following compounds. Copy and paste the images into the space below.
Difluoromethane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Trichloromethane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Tetrachloromethane
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
6
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CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Propanol Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Ethanoic Acid Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Combine the propanol and the ethanoic acid from the last two exercises to make propyl ethanoate:
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CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Phenol
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Dimethyl ether
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
CH 3 OCH 3
Propanal
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Hexanoic acid
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
8
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Condensed Structural Formula:
CH 3 CH 2 CHO
Condensed Structural Formula:
CH 3 (CH 2 ) 4 COOH
Ethylamine
Virtual Model with Extended Structural Formula:
Condensed Structural Formula:
C 2 H 5 NH 2
Questions:
1.
Write the names of a biomolecule
(also known as macromolecules) that contain
each of the functional groups below. a.
Amine: amino acids: Lysine
b.
Aldehyde: Monosaccharides: Ribose
c.
Carboxylic Acid: Fatty acids: Oleic acid
9
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CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
d.
Alcohol: Triglycerides: Glycerol
2.
Find an example of an ester used as a fragrance or flavoring and give the name, condensed structural formula, and flavor of your chosen ester.
Ethyl Butyrate
Condensed Structural Formula: CH3CH2COOCH2CH3
The flavor/smell is similar to Mango. Yum!
3.
For each of the following, give the functional group and application a.
Formaldehyde: Aldehyde. This is used in the medical field for preserving specimens removed from the patient during surgery. b.
Ethanol: Alcohol. This is used as a solvent and fuel and is popular in the production of alcoholic drinks.
c.
Acetone: Ketone. This is used as a cleaning agent for hospitals. As a Surg
Tech, I see the OR housekeepers using this to clean with!
d.
Phenol: Hydroxyl group. Used in pharmaceuticals and can also be found in plastics, resins, etc. 10
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Reflection: Consider what you learned from this simulation. Reflect on three to four key concepts that you learned in this lab exercise. How could the lessons learned in this
virtual lab relate to a real world situation in the community/world or your future career? Be specific in your answer (this should require 5-10 sentences).
This lesson helped me tremendously! Understanding the structure and properties of organic compounds is crucial for our nursing careers. A lot of the compounds we discussed are not only all around us but are also in our medications, foods, oils, lotions, etc. Although we may not be doing this type of intricate work in our actual professions, this lab built on our competency to understand journals and evidence-based articles. We may need to know how to address a public health crisis or even educate a curious patient. All-in-all, I am glad I am getting this education and can’t wait to join the nursing field as a “smart-science-based nurse”
11
CHEM120 OL, Week 5 Lab
Grading Rubric:
Activity
Deliverable
Points
Part I:
Redox Reactions: Discover how batteries work! Virtual Lab
7
Part II: Exploration 1:
Build/draw all hydrocarbons: 5 points
3
Part II: Exploration 2:
Build/draw all functional groups: 3.5 points and complete the table: 5 points.
8.5
Part II: Exploration 3:
Build/draw all organic molecules: 5.5 points,
5.5
Part II: End of lab questions
Complete all questions: 9 points total (Questions 1 and 3 are 4 points each, question 2 is 1 point)
9
Part II: Reflection
Write a 10-14 sentence laboratory reflection
2
All Lab Deliverables
Complete ALL explorations and reflection activities
35
12
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Related Documents
Related Questions
Which statement explains why the element carbon forms so many compounds?
Question 14 options:
Carbon atoms have very high electronegativity.
Carbon atoms combine readily with hydrogen
Carbon atoms combine readily with oxygen.
Carbon readily forms covalent bonds with other carbon atoms
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Lewis Structure Worksheet #1
Read the Instructions for Drawing Lewis Structures worksheet carefully and draw Lewis structures for each of the following molecules:
Group A: Simple Molecules
CH4
NC13
NH3
H20
SIF4
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attached is the lewis structure of a basic soap molecule. There are covalent bonds between all carbons, hydrogens, and oxygens. However, there is an ionic bond between oxygen and sodium ions.
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Ionic and Covalent Compounds
Compound
Melting Point ⁰C
Boiling Point ⁰C
W
801
1465
X
2852
3,600
Y
0
100
Z
113
184
Based on the data, which compounds would you classify as ionic or covalent and why?
A
Compound Y is ionic because its’ melting and boiling points are low.
B
Compound Y and Z are covalent because their melting and boiling points are low.
C
Compounds W, X, and Z are ionic because their melting and boiling points are high.
D
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Cl₂
HCl
NH₃
CH₂O
CH₄
O₂
CH₂Cl₂
H₂O
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CH₂CHCl
CH₃CH₃
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help por favor
I just need to draw the molecule
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THIS is the equation N2H4 + O2 → N2 + H2O
PLEASE HELP AND LOOK AT THE PICTURE FOR DATA PLEASE HELP! I REALLY NEED HELP BECAUSE MY TEACHER HASENT TAUGHT ME HOW TO DO THIS PLEASE HELP!!!!!
Balance the equation (if not already balanced)
Draw the models of the molecules in the equation, using Lewis structures, ball and stick models or something else that represents each of the atoms and how they are connected.
Identify bonds being formed or broken.
Use bond energy values from below to Calculate the overall energy of the reaction.
Determine if the reaction is exothermic or endothermic.
Draw a potential energy diagram showing the ∆H, reactants and products.
Create one example of mass (g) to mass (g) stoichiometry problem.
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Draw the Lewis structures for the following compounds You must show all bonds and lone pairs for the Lewis Structures Assume all atoms EXCEPT HYDROGEN obey the octet rule
CO
Lewis Structure:
SiS2 (Silicon is the central atom)
Lewis Structure:
ClO3- (Cl is the central atom) Assume all atoms obey the octet rule
Lewis Structure:
C2H2
Lewis Structure
CO32- (Carbon is the central atom)
Lewis Structure:
O3 assume all atoms obey the octet rule
Lewis Structure:
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Draw and upload a Lewis structure for CH4. as well as answer the following questions. -what is the hybrizatjon around the carbon? - what is the electron pair geometry for your drawing? -what is the bond angle between the C-H bonds of CH4
what is the molecular shape for CH4?
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Draw the Lewis Structure for NH2CH2CO2H.
Now answer the following questions based on your Lewis structure:
(Enter an integer value only.)
# single bonds in the entire molecule
# double bonds in the entire molecule
# lone pairs in the entire molecule
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Draw the Lewis structures of the neutral atom and the ion of
Carbon. Determine the number of electrons gained or lost in forming an ion.
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Do question 6 and 7 pleas if you cant do both of them just return the question please
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Part B)What are the ideal bond angles for each structure, and which are expected to be distorted? For the ones that are distorted look up on the internet and record their experimental values here:
Part C)According to Lewis and VSEPR theory, why do these changes occur?
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compound
hydrogen-bonding force
Between
Between molecules of
formula or Lewis
molecules of the
the compound and
molecules of water?
name
structure
compound?
H
H
|
Н — С
|
|
yes
yes
N-chloromethylamine
-
no
no
H.
yes
yes
hydrogen iodide
HI
no
no
:0:
||
н —с —с-о — н
H
yes
yes
acetic acid
no
no
H
O O
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1. What are functional groups? What are some common functional groups and how do functional groups affect the properties of an organic molecule?
2. What is the functional group on each of the molecules above?
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TRUE OR FALSE
All atoms play a role in the physicochemical and pharmacologic properties of a molecule.
Sophistication and advancement in technology are the main driving forces of drug development.
Organic medicinal chemistry is the study of matter, specifically, all carbon-containing compounds.
A functional group will always have the same physicochemical properties, regardless of its neighboring atoms in a molecular structure.
Addition of a single methyl group in a drug molecule may result to changes in physical, chemical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacologic properties.
Steric effects occur when bulky and large functional groups are near each other in a molecular structure.
Molecules that are highly capable of hydrogen bonding tend to be more soluble in nonpolar solvents.
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For the structure CIO3 draw a Lewis structure using Cl as the central atom... For the structure that obeys the octet rule which
of the following are correct?
There are a total of 26 valence electrons
There are a total of 24 valence electrons
There are a total of 25 valence electrons
OCI has one lone pair of electrons
CI makes a double bond to one of the oxygens
Each O has a -1 formal charge
20 atoms make a double bond to Cl
All 30 atoms make a double bond to Cl
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1. For each pair of elements listed determine if they will form an ionic (I) or covalent (C) bond.
2.General Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds (Use THIS LINK to complete the table) https://www.thoughtco.com/ionic-and-covalent-compounds-properties-3975966
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Please note that "geometry" refers to the molecular or ionic geometry.
Recall that for predicting geometry, double and triple bonds count as only one electron pair.
The Lewis diagram for NOCI is:
6=N_C:
The electron-pair geometry around the N atom in NOCI is
There is/are
lone pair(s) around the central atom, so the geometry of NOCI is
The Lewis diagram for CS₂ is:
S=C=S
The electron-pair geometry around the C atom in CS2 is
There is/are
lone pair(s) around the central atom, so the geometry of CS2 is
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The Lewis structure of N2H2 shows ________.
a nitrogen-nitrogen triple bond
a nitrogen-nitrogen single bond
each nitrogen has one nonbonding electron pair
each nitrogen has two nonbonding electron pairs
each hydrogen has one nonbonding electron pair
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The molecular structure of ibuprofen, a widely used pain reliever. Ibuprofen has a limited solubility to water, less than 1mg/mL.
Identify which part of the molecule contributes to its water solubility and water insolubility.
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what is the difference between Ionic and covalent bonds?
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Refer to the structure given below and answer the
given questions:
CI
C 18
5
13
1
10
15 16 17 19
6
12
14
11
20
1
ОН О
5
Red numbers for Carbon Blue numbers for Nitrogen Green numbers for Oxygen
HNN
9
00
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- Draw and upload a Lewis structure for CH4. as well as answer the following questions. -what is the hybrizatjon around the carbon? - what is the electron pair geometry for your drawing? -what is the bond angle between the C-H bonds of CH4 what is the molecular shape for CH4?arrow_forwardDraw the Lewis Structure for NH2CH2CO2H. Now answer the following questions based on your Lewis structure: (Enter an integer value only.) # single bonds in the entire molecule # double bonds in the entire molecule # lone pairs in the entire moleculearrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structures of the neutral atom and the ion of Carbon. Determine the number of electrons gained or lost in forming an ion.arrow_forward
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