NU 726 Week 7 Discussion 1

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Nov 24, 2024

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1 Week 7 Discussion 1: Synthesizing the Literature A literature review synthesis is important because it enables the researcher to identify the main points about a subject of interest. The synthesis enables the investigator to arrange themes and note what different authors say about them. The synthesis makes it easy for the reader to identify areas of consensus and disagreement (Snyder, 2019). For instance, the SPP involves a practice-based inquiry project assessing the impact of regular screening for depression among single mothers aged 18 and older and the effect on referrals to treatment. A literature review synthesis will enable the learner to establish if the regular screening for depression in single mothers increases referrals to treatment. The synthesis will highlight different findings on referrals associated with depression diagnosis through regular screening. The findings of the literature review will direct the SPP by identifying the possible outcomes. However, failure to achieve a synthesis has implications for the research process. The lack of a synthesis compromises the research focus because the researcher needs to identify the existing gaps in previous studies (Snyder, 2019). For example, failure to accomplish the synthesis will affect the SPP negatively because the student will need to identify the outcomes of previous trials to establish factors to assess in the current study. The two headers the student anticipated inserting in Chapter II are screening for depression and referrals to treatment. The header for screening for depression is important because it highlights the findings of different studies focusing on the effectiveness of regular screening for depression diagnosis. The literature review in this section will identify the high- reliability and accuracy screening tools. The SPP will use the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) tool. Hence, the information covered in this section will establish its efficacy in detecting depression. The other header comprises referrals to treatment, which will help the

2 learner discover if depression screening increases referrals to treatment in single mothers with a positive outcome. Screening for depression Barkin et al. (2021) discovered that the PHQ-9 screening tool effectively identified changes in depression scores before and after implementing a ‘visiting moms participants’ program. The PHQ-9 revealed a decrease of four points at the end of the program. Participants with mild depression diagnosis at the beginning of the program had different scores at the closure of the program. They completed in the category of no depression as indicated by the PHQ-9 scores of 0 to 4. The research outcomes confirmed that depression screening using PHQ- 9 is reliable because the tool detects changes in depression scores among married and single mothers (Barkin et al., 2021). The article by Ajayi et al. (2023) agrees with Barkin et al. (2021) about the efficacy of the PHQ-9 tool in detecting depression in single mothers. Ajayi et al. (2023) administered the PHQ-9 in national, French, and English languages. The tool achieved 75% specificity and sensitivity in depression diagnosis in adolescents. The PHQ-9 tool identified various depression symptoms, and the total scores showed an individual’s risk for depression (Ajayi et al., 2023). The two articles confirm that screening using the PHQ-9 tool is critical in the early diagnosis of depression among single and married women after delivery. Also, they verify that the tool is applicable in settings using different languages. The SPP will use the information to identify the scores indicating depression. Also, the project will verify the PHQ-9 effectiveness in depression diagnosis among single mothers. .

3 References Ajayi, A. I., Chamdimba, E., Sawadogo, N., Gitahi, N., Tarnagda, A. M., Ilboudo, A. K., Munthali, A., Thakwalaka, C., Otukpa, E.O., Ushie, B.A., & Kabiru, C. W. (2023). Socio-ecological factors associated with probable depression among pregnant and parenting adolescent girls: findings from a cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso and Malawi. Reproductive Health , 20 (1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-023-01588-x Barkin, J. L., Beals, L., Bridges, C. C., Ezeamama, A., Serati, M., Buoli, M., Erickon, A., Chapman, M., & Bloch, J. R. (2021). Maternal functioning and depression scores improve significantly with participation in visiting moms® program. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association , 27 (1), 54-63. https://doi.org/10.1177/1078390319877444 Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research , 104 , 333-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039

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