2023 Module Nine Lesson Two Assignment

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Rocky Mount High School *

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12

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Chemistry

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Nov 24, 2024

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7

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Name: ______________________________________ Date: ________________________ Student Exploration: Solubility and Temperature NCVPS Chemistry Fall 2014 Vocabulary: concentration, dissolve, homogeneous mixture, solubility, solubility curve, solute, solution, solvent 50% of Assignment Grade Simulation Portion: Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo .) 1. What happens when you stir a spoonful of sugar into hot water? ______________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 2. When sugar or another substance is dissolved in water, it disappears from view and forms a homogeneous mixture with the water, also called a solution . If you can’t see the sugar, how can you tell that it is there? __________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 3. Does sugar dissolve more easily in hot water or cold water? _________________________ Gizmo Warm-up A solution generally consists of two parts, a solute that is dissolved and a solvent that the solute is dissolved into. For example, sugar is a solute that is dissolved into the solvent water. In the Solubility and Temperature Gizmo™, you will study how temperature affects how much solute will dissolve in a solution. To begin, check that Potassium nitrate is selected and the Temp. of the water is 20 °C. Click OK . 1. In this solution, what is the solute? ________________ What is the solvent? ___________ 2. Click Add 10 g to mix 10 g of potassium nitrate into the water. A. Did all of the potassium nitrate dissolve? ___________
B. How can you tell? ____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________
Activity A: Solubility Get the Gizmo ready: Click Reset . Check that the Temp. is 20 °C and that Potassium nitrate is selected. Question: How do we find how much solute can be dissolved in a solvent? 1. Observe: Click OK . Click Add 20 g , and observe the potassium nitrate being mixed into the solution. On the right, select the BAR CHART tab and turn on Show numerical value . The bars show how much solute has been added and how much has piled up on the bottom. Did all of the solute dissolve? _________________________________________________ 2. Experiment: Click Add 20 g again. A. Did all of the solute dissolve? Explain how you can tell. _______________________ ___________________________________________________________________ B. Based on the amount of solute added and the amount piled up on the bottom, how many grams of solute dissolved in the water? _______________________________ C. The solubility of the solution is equal to the maximum concentration of the solute. What is the solubility of potassium nitrate in 20 °C water? _____________________ 3. Experiment: Click Reset , and select Sodium chloride . With the Temp. still set to 20 °C, click OK . Add sodium chloride to the beaker until it starts piling up at the bottom. A. How much sodium chloride did you add? __________________________________ B. How much sodium chloride piled up at the bottom? __________________________ C. How much sodium chloride dissolved in the water? __________________________ D. What is the solubility of sodium chloride in 20 °C water? ______________________ 4. Apply: At 20 °C, how much sodium chloride could be dissolved into 2 L of water? ________ How much potassium nitrate could be dissolved into the same amount of water? _________
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Activity B: Solubility and temperature Get the Gizmo ready: Click Reset . Set the Temp. to 10 °C. Select Potassium nitrate , and click OK . Question: How does temperature of the solvent affect solubility? 1. Predict: Based on your own experience, how do you expect temperature to affect solubility? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 2. Gather data: Use the Gizmo to measure the solubility of potassium nitrate at each temperature given in the table below. Then, graph the resulting solubility curve at right. Take a picture and insert a picture in the bottom of the graph if you cannot draw in this document. Temperature Solubility (g/100 mL) 10 °C 20 °C 30 °C 40 °C 50 °C 60 °C 70 °C 80 °C 90 °C 3. Infer: Based on your graph, what would you predict is the solubility of potassium nitrate at a temperature of 5 °C? 95 °C? Check your 5 °C prediction with the Gizmo. 25 °C predicted solubility: _________ 25 °C actual solubility: ____________ 98 °C predicted solubility: __________ (Impossible to find actual solubility using Gizmo.) 4. Explain: Potassium nitrate absorbs a large amount of heat energy from the water as it dissolves. How does this explain the solubility curve you graphed for potassium nitrate? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________
(Activity B continued on next page)
Activity B (continued from previous page) 5. Gather data: Now use the Gizmo to measure the solubility of sodium chloride at each temperature given in the table below. Then, graph the solubility curve of sodium chloride. Take a picture and insert a picture in the bottom of the graph if you cannot draw in this document. Temperature Solubility (g/100 mL) 10 °C 20 °C 30 °C 40 °C 50 °C 60 °C 70 °C 80 °C 90 °C 6. Infer: Based on your graph, what would you predict is the solubility of sodium chloride at a temperature of 5 °C? 95 °C? Check your predictions with the Gizmo. 25 °C predicted solubility: ____________ 25 °C actual solubility: _____________ 85 °C predicted solubility: ____________ 85 °C actual solubility: _____________ 7. Compare: How does the solubility curve for sodium chloride compare with the solubility curve for potassium nitrate? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 8. Infer: Potassium nitrate absorbs a lot of heat from water as it dissolves. Based on its solubility curve, what can you infer about how much heat sodium chloride absorbs? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 9. Think and discuss: What do you think the solubility curve would look like for sugar? Explain. _________________________________________________________________________
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_________________________________________________________________________ 50% of Assignment Grade Post Lab Quiz: AFTER completing the GIZMO activity and lab above, please complete the five question quiz below the simulation. 1. Scroll down past the simulation 2. Answer the questions under “Assessment Questions” 3. Click “Check your answers” 4. It will tell you if you got any of the questions wrong and why - read over those explanations. 5. Once you understand where you went wrong, go back and retry the assessment questions. 6. Once you have a 100%: a. Option 1: Take a screenshot of your score, completion, with your name in the shot and past it below. b. Option 2: Click the “Print” button and generate a PDF, submit that with this worksheet. If your name, grade, or completion is not in the submission, you will not receive full credit.