10.Carboxylic Acid and Derivatives - Student Copy

1. Indicate the compound type (acyl halide, amide, anhydride, carboxylic acid, ester) for the following compounds. Also provide their IUPAC names. HO li H OCH 3 w Br Br سلمك

Could you check the answers I have, and answer the blank ones?

Write the chemical equation for a pentanoate ion acting as base when it reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCI). Which is formula of this rule of reaction?

Use the flow chart and chemical structures shown to answer the question below. X, Y, and Z in diethyl ether • add HCI (aq) • separate HN. но Вох 1 Вох 2 NH2 CH: organic phase aqueous phase X Y Z • add NaOH (aq) • separate • add NaOH (ag) • add diethyl ether • separate Воx 5 Вох 6 aqueous phase Вох 3 Вох 4 organic phase aqueous phase organic phase • add HCI (aq) • add diethyl ether • separate T Воx 7 Вох 8 organic phase aqueous phase Which compound(s) will be found in Box 4 layer? [Choose all that apply] n Y

Name: 2) When water is introduced into an ester under high temperature conditions, esters are hydrolyzed into their carboxylic acid and alcohol components. Draw the structure of the resulting carboxylic acid and alcohol when the ester shown below is hydrolyzed. + H20 3) Why is it important that the test tube be thoroughly dry before making esters? Use the principles of chemical equilibrium to explain your answer.

Draw a reaction showing the reactants (the ester and water) and the products (the alcohol and the carboxylic acid) for each ester below. You can google the structures of the esters. Ester 1 aspirin, Ester 2 benzocaine, Ester 3 gamma-butyrolactone

True or False: Write True if the statement is correct and False if otherwise.i. Esters are formed by the reaction of a salt with an acid.ii. In such reactions, the —OR group from the alcohol replaces the —OH group in the carboxylic acid.iii. Esters are polar compounds, but they cannot form hydrogen bonds to each other.iv. Their boiling points are lower than those of alcohols and acids of similar molecular massv. Esters cannot be converted back to carboxylic acids and alcohols under either acidic or basicconditions.vi. Thioesters are sulfur-containing analogs of esters in which a —SR group has replaced the —COOHgroup.vii. Polyesters are polymers in which the monomers (diacids and dialcohols) are joined through esterlinkages.viii. An ester is named as an alkyl carboxylate.

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Esterication is the reaction of a carboxylic acid (RCOOH) with an alcohol (R'OH) to form an ester (RCOOR') with loss of water. Equation [1] is an example of an intermolecular esterication reaction. Equation [2] is an example of an intramolecular esterication reaction; that is, the carboxylic acid and alcohol are contained in the same starting material, forming a cyclic ester as product. The equilibrium constants for both reactions are given. Explain why Keq is different for these two apparently similar reactions.

Ester formation and ester hydrolysis are exactly the same reaction only written in reverse. General reaction of ester formation: H*, heat R—с—он + Н—о—R' R—с—о-R' + H,O carboxylic acid alcohol carboxylic or phenol ester General reaction of ester hydrolysis: || R—с—OR' + H—оН R—с—оН +R—ОH ester carboxylic acid alcohol or phenol What determines which direction the reaction proceeds and what actually forms? o the boiling point of the carboxylic acid o the presence (or absence) of heat as well as the concentration of reactants and products o the molecular weight of reactants and products o the presence (or absence) of heat as well as the catalyst