mlsp 300 lab report #2-2

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Chemistry

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May 22, 2024

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Emely Peña Joydeep Mitra MLSP 300 Date of Lab Experiment: 3/7/24 Date of Lab Report Written: 3/14/24 Lab #2: Spectroscopy Introduction: Spectroscopy is the study of absorption and emission of light using the electromagnetic spectrum/electromagnetic radiation. In this laboratory experiment, we learned how to use a spectrophotometer to find the wavelengths of several unknown solutions and their level of absorption. This will tell us how much light did the solution absorb by measuring their intensity. We found their optimal wavelength and drew an analysis about their unknown concentration and transmittance, based on their level of absorption and intensity. Materials: - Spectrometer - (8) Test tubes - Test tube rack - Unknown Solution(s) - Pipette - Water - Evan’s blue (13.6mg/dl)
Methods: In this lab, we made a 1:2 serial dilution of Evan’s blue stock solution using water. We pipetted 5mL of water and 5mL of the Evan’s blue stock solution into each test tube and made a total of eight dilutions. Next, we made sure the spectrometer was prepped and used control variables to ensure quality of usage. Then, we measured the absorbance of the unknown solution (Evan’s blue stock solution) and each dilution with their respective wavelengths on the spectrometer and recorded our results. Results: Part A) Data Table for Wavelength ( λ ) vs Absorbance (A) of Evan’s Blue Stock Solution: Wavelength ( λ ) in nm Absorbance (A) 400 0.084 410 0.082 420 0.080 430 0.114 440 0.111 450 0.102 460 0.119 470 0.137 480 0.173 490 0.192 500 0.234
510 0.229 520 0.370 530 0.422 540 0.452 550 0.558 560 0.648 570 0.722 580 0.780 590 0.825 600 max λ 0.840 610 0.825 620 0.472 630 0.716 640 0.582 650 0.460 660 0.292 670 0.199 680 0.123 690 0.058 700 0.034 710 0.015 720 0.019 730 0.012 740 0.006
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750 0.002 Graph of Wavelength ( λ ) vs Absorbance Graph#1 Part B) Data Table of the Serial Dilutions Concentration vs Absorbance Concentration (c) Absorbance (A) 1 0.808 1:2 0.426 1:4 0.216 1:8 0.115 1:16 0.056 1:32 0.030 1:64 0.015 1:128 0.006
Graph of Serial Dilutions Concentration vs Absorbance at λ max (600nm) Graph#2 Discussion: In this experiment, it was demonstrated that the more concentrated a substance is the less light it would absorb and vice versa. This can be observed in Graph #2 on the Serial Dilutions part of the lab, absorbance is proportional to concentration which is proved by Beer’s Law. In Part A of this lab, we were finding the absorbance level of Evan’s blue with its respective wavelength; but we had two of the same absorbance levels (0.825) for two different wavelengths
(590 and 610nm). I think it might've been because we forgot to switch the filter on the spectrophotometer from 340-599 nm to 600-950nm when we reached our 600 nm wavelength in our data. We did reach our optimal wavelength at 600nm that had an absorbance of 0.840, which is the desired wavelength for Evans blue. References: Lab Manual: Spectroscopy Questions and Problems:
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2) The 3 different mechanisms or devices for selecting specific wavelengths for use in spectrophotometers are: prisms/diffraction gratings, filters, and aperture. Prisms: light is being reflected off the diffraction gratings and is being split into its components wavelengths. Aperture: the diffraction grating is altered so that only the maximum wavelength is being shown as light is passing through the slit. Filter: colored pieces of glass that can only show a certain range of wavelengths.
3) The ideal characteristics of the cuvettes used in visible/UV spectrophotometers are ones made of glass/quartz. Glass demonstrates that area of the spectrum from 320-2500 nm. Quartz demonstrates the whole UV area of the spectrum from 200-2500 nm.
9) Reflection: light doesn't pass through, but bounces off the surface of a medium, Refraction: a wave is experiencing a change of direction due to its change of speed, and Light-Scattering:is when light hits a flawed surface like dust and makes it deflect from a straight path.
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