PHI445 Week 4 Discussion

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445

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Business

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Nov 24, 2024

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The Effects of Business on Consumers and the Environment: Case Study: Perdue Farms This discussion assignment requires you to submit at least four posts: an initial post, two reply posts to fellow students in threads other than your own, and a revised post in response to the professor’s feedback. Prepare: In preparation for your first post in this discussion, you will become familiar with the case of Perdue Farms by means of the material listed under Required Resources (Generally). You will also find more material under Required Resources (Per Subject Heading) because the specific task for this discussion is to examine this case with an eye for any one of the following four subject headings in business ethics: (1) the environment, (2) advertising, (3) consumer safety and (4) moral responsibility. You must select one of these subject headings and your selection will be the specific focus of your work for your discussion. Accordingly, you will be responsible to complete the readings and videos listed under your chosen subject heading. Reflect: If you choose the environment subject heading, reflect on the sheer density of chickens raised at any given time in the Perdue facilities. The disposal of their discarded remains and their processing for distribution, either individually and most definitely together, pose a number of environmental concerns. If you choose the advertising subject heading, reflect on how the two videos on Perdue farms present the sharp contrast between the way the company presents its product and the way in which it has been discovered to run its chicken farms. Consider whether this is an example of failure to provide truth in advertising and how you would support such a stance. If you choose the consumer safety subject heading, reflect on the way in which chickens raised in factory farms risks consumer safety. These might include (a) bacterial contamination, (b) the effects of antibiotics on the meat that is consumed, or (c) the release of adrenaline, cortisone, and other chemicals resulting from the acute stress endured by factory farm animals, which then becomes part of the meat that is later consumed by humans.

If you choose the moral responsibility heading, reflect on the stewardship role that may fall upon humans toward non-human animals. Can we utilize them as mere means to an end (for entertainment, companionship, or food)? Or do we have special obligations toward them (e.g., not to mistreat or torture them and to slaughter them quickly and without stress) because they are sentient beings? Once you have completed the indicated readings and videos, reflect on the ethical theories that we have covered in the discussions thus far and identify one that you want to apply for your analysis in your discussion post. Also, reflect on the regulations (or lack thereof) in the factory farming industry in order to be able to examine how our nation’s laws affect the operations of the business. You will need to research the applicable laws on the factory farming industry . Finally, since Perdue Farms is an American corporation, reflect on the mixed economic system in the United States in order to articulate the setting for the operations of factory farming, and then, be able to analyze the ethical actions of Perdue given this setting. Write: In the first part of your initial post, you will need to introduce the Perdue case within the particular subject heading that you have chosen. In this introduction, you will also need to (1) articulate the relevant characteristics of our mixed economic system and (2) present the regulations for the factory farming industry. These will provide the setting for you to be able to examine how the nation’s laws affect its operations. In the second part of your initial post, present your analysis of the problem in a way that identifies which entities (Perdue as a corporation, the economic system in the USA, the regulatory control of the state, or all of these) have a role in the problem that you have presented. In your analysis, you must assess the negative effects of the interplay between business activity and one of the following: the environment, advertising, consumer safety, or corporate social responsibility. Your focus must be an ethical analysis of this interplay, and it must be well supported by reliable and/or scholarly sources by clearly identifying the ethical theory that you are applying in your analysis.

Revise: Read the feedback provided by your professor to your initial post, either directly to you or to your fellow students. Use this as an opportunity to learn from your professor, especially with regard to the best ways to apply the course material and your research to your analysis. On the basis of what you have learned in this process, post an improved revision of your initial post that applies the additional knowledge that you have gained. Remember that your grade depends on the quality of your initial and revised responses, not just on the submission of an attempt at improvement. It is thus to your advantage to post the best initial post you can and then to also improve that best effort as much as you can through revision. Taking this process seriously will help you develop the skills you need to do well on the Final Project. Requirements for Your Initial Post:  Your initial post should be at least 400 words in length and have citations and references in APA notation . It should address the prompt in its entirety. This means that you should not split your response to the prompt in multiple posts. Your examination should be both thorough and succinct. This is a combination that demands time and thought, so give yourself sufficient time to draft and revise.  Please be advised that until you post, you will not see what your fellow students are posting. Once you submit your post, you will be able to view the posts from your other classmates. You can then proceed to reply to at least two different threads based on the required material for this discussion.  Your list of references for your initial post should include the videos and the other required reading material for this discussion, the Instructor Guidance, and any other announcements presented to you by your professor. List all the course material that informed your work in the list of references and cite these too where appropriate. In addition, your references should include any other sources that you consult to inform yourself (but not Wikipedia or similar sources).  Your initial post for this discussion should be submitted no later than the end of Thursday (11:59 pm, U.S. Mountain time) .

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The discussion solution is below the image. Hello Class,

For this weeks discussion I have chosen the topic of consumer safety and how factory farming and the use of anti biotics plays a significate role in human health as well as animal health. Factory farming in itself is the practice of putting animals or multiple animals in a pen just big enough for the animal to essentially turn around and that’s it. Factory farming is a plague on society and animals alike as the multiple moves and transportation of the animals causes a great deal of stress for them. The stress caused by being cooped up so close together as well as moving the animals can cause rises in Exudative Syndrome and an Increase in adrenocortical activity. These symptoms over time cause great pain and discomfort to the animals as a result directly related to stress. “The gastrointestinal tract is the primary habitat of a variety of bacteria, including foodborne pathogens. Colonization of farm animals by pathogens such as E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella, and Campylobacter, and their subsequent distribution along the human food chain are a major public health and economic concern for the food industries.” (Rostagno, 2010) Chickens raised in factory farming have an increase in carrying salmonella from infected feed and from pecking off of the floor which contains fecal matter infected with salmonella. “And, as one might expect, the environment in which farm animals are confined also appears to be significantly contaminated. A survey of litter and dust samples from commercial turkey flocks in Canada, for example, found Salmonella at 86% of flocks… The fundamentally unhygienic conditions of intensive broiler chicken production have been described by researchers into the widespread contamination of poultry by Salmonella: "Broilers are reared in confined housing and eat, sleep and defecate on the floor or litter inside the house ... During transportation to the processing plant, some broilers may defecate inside the transport containers” (O'Brien & Leather, 1997)With factory farming the farmers have had to resort to the high use of anti-biotics to prevent the animals from getting sick from the crowding conditions. In beef the use of the anti-biotic Avoparcin is used to increase the size of the cows and how much milk they produce; however this antibiotic causes the growth of a bacteria that is resistant to Vancomycin and this bacteria makes its way into the meat in which we eat. When the meat is consumed it can also cause humans to get the bacteria which is resistant to the strongest and considered the last resort antibiotic Vancomycin meaning even the strongest antibiotic cannot cure it. As stated in this research journal “Avoparcin is closely similar in chemical structure to an antibiotic called vancomycin, used in human medicine. Vancomycin is very important for humans -- it is a drug of 'last resort'… The controversy concerning these two antibiotics has arisen because of research suggesting that bacteria have emerged which are resistant to vancomycin, and that this resistance is the result of the over-use of avoparcin on farm animals” (O'Brien & Leather, 1997). As the animals are not reliably able to take care of themselves, it is up to us as humans to do the right thing and take care of them in the most humane way possible. Yes, in the end they are food or produce something

that we consume such as milk. But that does not mean that we should treat them as only that, a means to an end to produce the maximum amount of product and nothing else. Even farm animals can be great companions and have a sense of personality. We should not be preforming depopulation matters when the chickens become to big or to old. This is not morally right in the sense that just because they are sentient they should not be treated as just a “thing”. The USDA has just issued a new law regulating the purchase of antibiotics “This rule went into effect last month on June 11, 2023. For animal owners, this means that all antibiotics purchases will require a veterinary prescription. These antibiotics have to be purchased from a licensed pharmacy and they are no longer available for purchase over the counter. To accept prescriptions, feed stores also must be licensed.” (The Livestock Project, 2023) This is to help the overuse of antibiotics and reduce the number of things that are transferred to our consumable food. The ethical theory that can be applied to this in my opinion would be utilitarianism, as it requires the farmers to do the right thing to reduce pain and suffering for the most amount of people, but to include the animals as well.

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PHI445 Week 4 Discussion

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