Case Paper 3

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Nov 24, 2024

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1 Case Paper 3: Malawi Public Sector Soherwardy Sheezan Dr. Brian Daenzer Trine College BAN 5003: Operations Analytics 09/17/2022

2 Case Paper 3: Malawi Public Sector Question 1 There are many important points in the article concerning strategic planning in Malawi Public sector. According to the article, Strategic Planning in the Malawi public sector has several important goals. One of these goals is to improve the quality of health services. Currently, the Malawi government does not have enough health workers. It is estimated that the country will fall short of the WHO recommended level of 4.45 health workers per thousand people by 2030 if current trends continue (Kayuni, 2017). This gap requires greater investments in the health workforce as well as efforts to optimize existing health workforce resources. Malawi is one of the poorest countries in the world, and its economy is highly dependent on subsistence agriculture. This reduces growth potential, makes the country more vulnerable to climate shocks, and results in widespread food insecurity. In addition, erratic electricity supplies hinder value addition and economic diversification. Despite a large public investment budget, the country continues to experience fiscal deficits. Furthermore, the country's public debt continues to rise due to the high costs of domestic borrowing. In FY21/22, the fiscal deficit increased to 9.1 percent of GDP due to expansionary government policies and weak revenue performance. Expansionary policies have led to an increase in government expenditure, particularly wage and interest payments, as well as fertilizer subsidies. Development expenditure, on the other hand, has been strong due to initiatives to respond to the COVID-19 outbreak and irrigation and water projects.

3 Strategic Planning in Malawi has begun as part of a reform package. If successful, it will improve governance and responsiveness and lead to improved service and cost reduction (Kayuni, 2017). However, the process must be implemented effectively and must be followed to see its full benefits. Strategic Planning in Malawi can be a complex process involving multiple stakeholders. In a time of tightened budgets and limited funding, a plan covering all health institutions in the country is important. In this context, a 10-year strategic plan can include midterm reviews. The process is complicated and requires comprehensive data. Question 2 A strategic plan is a document that details how an organization plans to gain a competitive advantage and become the best in the business. It provides a long-term perspective, provides a framework for evaluating and monitoring results, and helps an organization develop new programs (Bryson, 2018)). A strategic plan also grounds an organization in its vision and mission. It should be the center of efforts to mitigate the consequences of any potential changes or disruptions. One of the most challenging steps in strategic planning is bringing together the various parts of an organization. Many organizations have an uneasy fear of bringing in too many cooks at once, but the process requires collaboration. Building strategic plans in silos is a huge mistake. It takes the right mix of people and cross-functionality to make them successful. In addition, a good strategic plan must be executed effectively. Another challenge in developing a strategic plan is ensuring the plan is updated and relevant. Fast-growing companies are constantly facing new challenges. A strategic plan that is not up to date with current trends may be obsolete in a few years (Bryson, 2018). It is vital that

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4 an organization adopt a strategic plan that is constantly being evaluated and re-adopted. A strategic plan is never static and will need to be updated as business changes and new technologies emerge. The process of creating a strategy can take hundreds of hours and include presentations, status meetings, and progress reports. The process also tends to fail when the strategy does not align with reality. Teams produce mediocre actions to satisfy leadership, and the strategy ends up being abandoned. In such cases, a strategy is not only not sustainable, it could also be ineffective. Hence, strategy development requires an in-depth analysis of the business model, its goals, and its execution context. Another important issue in strategic planning is how to effectively collaborate with stakeholders. There are numerous tools that can be used to enhance the collaboration process. One of these tools is scenario planning. Scenarios provide a framework that helps the organization plan for the future. The process can be improved by digital collaboration and white boarding tools. For example, scenario planning can be a powerful tool for building robust strategic plans and preparing for business disruptions. In addition to the challenges faced by the organization, it is important to consider the cultural environment. Without a clear understanding of the culture of the business, strategies are likely to fall by the wayside (Kurpiela & Teuteberg, 2022). Employees will be more likely to default to projects that are easy and familiar. Moreover, strategic planning is the best time to define the core mission and values of an organization. It sets the tone for an action plan and compels stakeholders to reflect on the purpose of their practice. A clear vision and mission help a strategic plan be effective. You can

5 start by developing a mission statement. The process is highly productive and will help you clarify your core mission. Once you've written your mission statement, you can move on to the next step, which is creating a strategic plan. Question 3 The knowledge I have gained from the case study about strategic planning will help me to solve an operational problem or problems. Creating an effective strategic plan can be a challenging process. It involves gathering input from multiple people in the company, including the owners, employees, and key customers (Teixeira & Junior, 2019). While some companies are able to create their strategy on their own, it may be more useful to hire an experienced strategist. The first step is to define the strategic objectives of the company. The strategic objectives are then translated into short, mid, and long-term plans. These plans give the company a framework for moving forward. The next step is to develop detailed business plans that estimate the economic opportunity, resources, and timeframe required to implement the strategic initiatives. Once these plans are completed, they should be prioritized and approved. When they are approved, the plans should be integrated into the operating budgeting process. The next step is to visualize the future state of the organization. During this stage, the organization should identify resources and areas for improvement. It must also establish the strategies that will implement the plan. The plan should also identify what adjustments need to be made to address future challenges. In addition, the organization should determine how to adapt the plan in response to changes in the external environment.

6 The strategic planning process can be difficult if the company is too political and turf- protecting. The result can be a lack of creativity, accountability, and ongoing clarity. In addition, most strategic plans fail because of lack of follow-up. When the process goes off track, the plan remains on a shelf, and it never becomes fully integrated with the company. The process of determining a strategic plan should be a collaborative effort. Key stakeholders need to agree on the process and its benefits. A strategic plan will give the organization a shared vision and a shared approach. The team needs to understand what the goals are for the next three to five years. During this phase, it's vital to choose a person or group of people to implement the strategy. Ideally, the team will consist of 12-15 people. The strategic plan must be easy to understand and actionable. Make sure the plan outlines the roles and responsibilities of all those involved. The strategy should be translated into specific goals and performance targets. Effective goals express what should be accomplished, when, where, and how. They should also be measurable, achievable, and time-bound. Often, strategic plans can involve cultural or organizational changes. The goal-setting process requires that a responsible person to be appointed to lead the strategy implementation process (Teixeira & Junior, 2019). Once the goals are written, the organization must develop an action plan to achieve them. Often, a strategic plan will need to be modified in order to meet the requirements of changing business conditions. The functional leaders need to stay abreast of these changes. In addition to keeping updated with the strategic plan, they need to develop short-term goals and to- dos for each functional area.

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7 A strategic planning process should also include people with knowledge of operations. These people are the people who can determine whether a strategy is viable and can be implemented successfully. Strategy development must also take into consideration the long-term goals of the company. Addressing only short-term concerns can be counterproductive to the company's mission. Question 4 To create a process improvement model, you must first define the problem and the solution. Then, you must analyze and identify what needs to change and how you will communicate the results to senior management. Afterward, you must test the solution. Finally, you must embed the changes in the process. For example, you may change the approvals process to incorporate a new workflow. Then, you can test the results by asking people who will be affected by the change for their input. To create a process improvement model, start by mapping the processes in your company. Map out the inputs, outputs, costs, and other factors. You may also need to identify bottlenecks and issues that need to be addressed. Once you've done this, you can identify where improvement opportunities exist. Some improvements may be easy to implement while others may take time. You can even create a compliance dashboard to track the progress of your process improvement work. The goal of a process improvement model is to increase the efficiency of a team and its users. These improvements will increase the quality of the results and ultimately benefit customers. Almost every process contains waste, which is any part of the process that doesn't add

8 value to the customer. Eliminating waste will increase the efficiency of your team and produce better results. When a process is too complex or has multiple steps, it can become ineffective. Ineffective processes lead to delays and a higher cost. A process improvement model helps teams keep processes in their minds and operate efficiently and consistently. Without process improvement, your competitors will improve their processes and you'll soon be left behind. The first step is identifying the process owners and identifying the areas that need improvement. The next step is to identify the key drivers of failure. Identify the reasons customers call and make mistakes. Then, focus your process improvement efforts on addressing the root causes of deficiencies and improving customer satisfaction. After that, you'll be able to determine whether your process improvement model is making the difference. In addition to visualizing your process improvement model, you should make sure that the process improvement activities are carried out on a regular basis. Some teams may review their progress in every stand-up meeting, while others might allocate monthly or quarterly meetings to the process improvement efforts. It is important to follow a regular cadence and make the activities as effective as possible.

9 References Bryson, J. M. (2018). Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organizations: A guide to strengthening and sustaining organizational achievement . John Wiley & Sons. Kayuni, H. M. (2017). Strategic planning in the Malawi public sector: Potential tool for progress or regression?. Public Organization Review , 17 (3), 373-391. Kurpiela, S., & Teuteberg, F. (2022). Strategic planning of product-service systems: A systematic literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production , 130528. Teixeira, G. F. G., & Junior, O. C. (2019). How to make strategic planning for corporate sustainability?. Journal of Cleaner Production , 230 , 1421-1431.

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