Lab Bone

The Hand 2. *** note you will not be given a disarticulated hand to identify the various bones. You would be asked to identify the bones in an intact hand. a. Carpal bone s : identify the eight carpal bones: i. Scaphoid (thumbside) ii. Lunate iii. Triquetrum iiii. Pisiform v. Trapezium (thumbside) vi. Trapezoid vii. Capitate viii. Hamate b. Metacarpals: number them as #1-5 c. Phalanges : identify as proximal, middle, distal and #1-5 i. ** note that the thumb does not have a middle phalanx The Pelvic Girdle and Bony Pelvis (Pelvic Girdle : composed of 2 coxal bones; Bony Pelvis : pelvic girdle, sacrum and pubic symphysis) a. The hip bone: comprised of three bones i. Ilium 1. Iliac crest 2. Anterior and posterior superior iliac spine 3. Greater sciatic notch 4. Auricular surface; forms sacroiliac joints with sacrum ii. Ischium 1. Ischial tuberosity 2. Ischial spine 3. Ischial ramus iii. Pubis 1. Pubic symphysis 2. Pubic tubercle 3. Pubic arch b. Obturator foramen 3

Now let’s apply what you have learned. Complete these questions after you finished lab and lecture materials pertaining to Chapter 6. Grading notes: -1% for each incorrect/missing answer for question #2. -3% for each incorrect long answers & drawings. 1. A pre-teenage girl was skateboarding along a railing when she lost her balance and fell on the pavement. She immediately felt severe stabbing pain in her lower leg. After X-raying the region, the doctor told her that she had an oblique fracture of the superior portion of the bone. The doctor told the girl’s parents that they had no need to worry about the epiphyseal plates. The break was inferior to the tuberosity. Using the illustration, below, name the bone which was broken (also include if it was the right or left side). And then draw the location of the girl’s bone fracture. Right Tibia Anterior View On the illustration also indicate the location of the epiphyseal plates. Why would the doctor be concerned about the girl’s epiphyseal plate? Would stunt the growth of the bone. 2. Give the anatomical/scientific name of the bone which is involved in each of the following: A. fracture of the shin bone- Tibia B. broken knee- Patella C. broken tail bone- Coccyx or Sacrum D. broken collar bone- Clavical E. shattered funny bone/olecranon process – Ulna F. compression fracture of the glenoid fossa- Scapula G. bruised heel- Calcaneus H. broken neck- Cervical Spine I. lump on forehead- Frontal Bone J. broken finger- Phalanges K. cleft palate- Maxilla L. ear ache (middle/inner ear)- Cochlea M. broken jaw- Mandible N. hammer toe- Phalanges O. broken hip- Pelvis P. sore palm- Carpals Q. fallen arches (feet)- Tarsals R. bruised breastbone- Sternum S. broken nose- Nasal Bone T. dislocated thumb- Phalanx 3. During a rhinoplasty procedure, the perichondrium of the nasal cartilages is peeled off. Would lack of a perichondrium affect appositional growth or interstitial cartilage growth? Explain your answer. Appositional Growth adds chondrocytes to the outside edge of cartilage. Removing the perichondrium in turn would remove chondrocytes which would affect appositional growth. 4. A person develops a parathyroid tumor and produces excessive amounts of PTH. What effect does this hormone have on bone? Would administration of large doses of vitamin D help the situation? Explain. Large amounts of PTH would cause osteoclasts to break down bone due to the low amount of calcium in blood stream. Kidneys would convert Vitamin D to its active form to help decrease the rate of loss of bone density because Vitamin D increases calcium uptake in GI tract. 6