Understanding the Circulatory System: Lab 11 Insights

Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L Student Name: MA ERICKA RENEE SAUVE Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): 2XVADW Lab Report Format Expectations Utilize college level grammar and professional formatting when completing this worksheet. Submissions without proper formatting, all required photos or sufficient responses will be rejected. Pre- lab Questions 1. Describe the pathway of blood traveling through the closed system of the circulatory system starting with the right atrium. Pathway of closed circulatory system start from the Entering of blood into right antrum then blood enters the right ventricle Then Through pulmonary trunk it enters into lungs where gases are exchanged at capillary levels where blood is oxygenated now this oxygenated blood goes to Left atrium through pulmonary veins then into Left ventricles and from left ventricles it goes into aorta now this blood distributed in the whole body and deoxygenated blood comes into heart through inferior vena cava and superior vena cava then into right atrium and cycle is repeated. 2. What are the main resistance vessels of the circulatory system? Arterioles are the small arterial vessels that are consider major resistance vessels 3. How are they (the resistance vessels you noted in Question 2) controlled? Resistance is mainly due to Smooth muscle layere prevelent in arterioles. Sympathetic and parasympathetic controle the diameter by vasoconstriction and vasodilation which decreases and increases the resistacne respectively.

Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L EXPERIMENT 1: MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF BLOOD VESSELS Introduction Questions For the following questions, provide reasonable estimates as stated. These estimates must be realistic for credit. ( Hint : These estimates are provided in the lab materials, so your responses should be close to those values.) 1. Give an estimate for how many times the heart beats over the course of a lifetime. Heart beat how many Times depends on age of individual. I roughly averages about 4309920000 beats 2. Give an estimate of how many liters of blood circulate in the human body every minute. about 5 L. 3. The heart must constantly deliver oxygen via blood cells to the rest of the cells in the human body. Provide an estimate of how many cells there are in the human body. About 28 trillion cells are in our body.

Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L Data and Observations 1. Label the arrows in the following two slides. A. Tunica adventitia. B. Tunica intima. C. Tunica media. D. Lipids E. Tunica intima F. Tunica adventitia.

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Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L G. Tunica media.

Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L

Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L Results and Discussion 1. What differences did you observe in the structure of an artery versus the structure of a vein? Veins has prevalent tunica intima while arteries don't have such prevelent intima and arteries diamond is greater with greater elasticitiy. 2. Which vessels allow diffusion of oxygen and nutrients across their cell layers? Capillaries allows Diffusion. 3. List the vessels in order of ascending pressure within the circulatory system. Veins, venules , capillaries, arterioles, arteries.

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Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L EXPERIMENT 2: VIRTUAL MODEL - THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Introduction Questions 1. In the previous experiment, you studied the “microscopic” structure of the circulatory system. In this experiment, you will use the virtual model to examine the “macroscopic” anatomy of the circulatory system. Define the term “macroscopic” and ensure you provide a reasoning for when you would transition from describing a study as “microscopic” vs. “macroscopic”. Macroscopic means things that we can see with naked eye without use of microscope. So it is naked eye vision which transition where we can say things is microscopic or macroscopic. 2. The names of arteries and veins often correspond to their location or the system they service. Based on this fact, what organ do you think the renal artery supplies? These are renal vessels renal artery and renal veins which are names according to their location and service as renal means kidney.

Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L Data and Observations Insert screenshot of the descending aorta below.

Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L Insert screenshot of the brachial veins below.

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Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L Insert screenshot of the femoral artery below.

Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L Results and Discussion 1. In what body region does the aorta originate? Aorta originates in chest cavity at T4 level 2. What branch of the external carotid artery supplies the chin/jaw region with blood? Maxillary artery. 3. Is the common iliac artery anterior or posterior to the common iliac vein? It is present anteriorly to the common iliac vein. 4. What is the name of the artery in the pelvic region that directly feeds into the femoral artery? It is the obturator artery which feeds into femoral artery.

Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L EXPERIMENT 3: BLOOD PRESSURE Introduction Questions 1. What is systolic pressure? Diastolic pressure? pressure generated during contractions of hear is systolic pressure whilr pressure during relaxing phase of heart is diastolic pressure 2. Why is pressure a sensible reading to measure circulatory health? Because pressure is related to direct pumling of heart and henc hewrt functioning. 3. Explain the “lub-dub” sounds of the heartbeat. closure of mitral and tricuspid valves produce lub while dub is produced by Pulmonary and aortic valves closure. 4. Why is it important for blood to flow in only one direction? It doesn't allows the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood so it is important to be unidirectional

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Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L Data and Observations Record your observations as required by the experimental procedure in the table below. Table 1: Blood Pressure and Pulse Readings Activity Blood Pressure (Systolic/Diastolic; mmHg) Pulse (beats/minute) Basal (Normal) 120/80 72 Lying Down 100/60 62 After Exercise 130/90 110 Results and Discussion 1. Why do blood pressure and heart rate change after exercise? Requirement of blood after exercise increased which caused increased pumping of hear. This increased pumping increases blood pressure and heart rate as well. 2. How might the results in Table 2 change if someone else preformed the activities? Why? It may change when other helper helps in allowing the arm to take rest and bp will decrease .

Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L EXPERIMENT 4: FETAL PIG DISSECTION - THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Introduction Questions 1. What is the process that is responsible for moving molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration? Diffusion is process responsible for such movements. 2. In what part of the circulatory system does this happen (in reference to Question 1, above)? Diffusion takes at capillaries level where nutrients are exchanged betweem tissues and blood capillaries

Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L Data and Observations Insert a high resolution photo of the fetal pig you observed at the end of the experimental procedure, before you prepare it for storage . Your photo must include: ● Your handwritten name and access code must be clearly visible in the background. ● The required anatomical features according to the experimental procedure. Photos not meeting these requirements, or that are of too low a resolution to clearly make out these features, will result in this lab submission being rejected.

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Lab 11 The Circulatory System BIO202L Results and Discussion 1. Write a paragraph describing the features of the fetal pig circulatory system you observed. ( Hint : Your response should be 6-10 sentences.) Pig has closed circulatory system consisting of Heart , blood vessels, and blood Heart has 4 chambers 2 atria upper chamber of Heart and 2 ventricles lower parts of heart heart pumps from left ventricle blood enters Aorta and arteries and veins and from veins it come back to heart in right chambers of heart from where blood goes to lungs and lungs oxygenate the blood send blood to left chambers and cycle repeated

BIO202 Lab 11

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