Recitation9_2023

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Due November 15, 2023 Recitation 9 (6 questions, total 19 points) 1) Human tumor suppressor protein p53 is 393 amino acids long. (2pts) a. What would be the minimum number of nucleotides required to encode myoglobin? b. Why might the size of the myoglobin primary RNA transcript be larger than your answer above? 2) Which of the following nucleotide sequences would code for the polypeptide sequence arginine - glycine - leucine? Explain your answer. Use the genetic code as shown in the codon table (select all that apply). (2pts) A. 5’ - AGAGGAUUG - 3’ B. 5’ - ACACCCACU - 3’ C. 5’ - GGGAAAUUU - 3’ D. 5’ - CGGGGUCUA - 3’ E. 5’-AGAGGAUUU-3’ 3) The following is the secondary structure of a tRNA molecule. (2pts) a. During translation, which mRNA codon(s) could the tRNA bind to? b. Which amino acid would the tRNA molecule be charged with? 4) The following sequence represents a very short portion of a sense strand that is part
of a coding region. The first codon is the start codon for the protein. (4pts total, 1pt each) 5'-TAATGCCGAGCTTCGAATTATAGAGG-3 a) Define the reading frame, with the knowledge that the first start codon sequence will define the open reading frame used by the ribosome. Shown below is a hypothetical example of how to depict an open reading frame for 5’….ATGNNNNN…3’ sequence using brackets underneath each codon, where numbers represent the order of the codons. b) Find two point mutations (changing a single base to another base) that will result in a stop codon in this reading frame. c) Are there positions along the sequence that are insensitive to point mutations? d) What could happen to gene expression if there was a deletion in the promoter upstream of this gene? 5) Answer TRUE or FALSE. If the statement is TRUE, explain or give a supporting example. If the statement is FALSE, either correct the statement or give a counterexample. (6pts total, 1.5pts each) a. Termination codons can occur due to single base pair substitutions in a gene. b. Wobble allows a codon in mRNA to hybridize to more than one tRNA c. A frameshift mutation causes a change in a single amino acid in the resulting polypeptide. d. RNA can be used as a template to make DNA. 6) A wild-type allele for a tRNA-encoding gene produces a tRNA that recognizes the codon GAA, which is normally charged with the amino acid glutamic acid (Glu). A mutant tRNA version with an altered anticodon is found, such that it now recognizes TAA instead of GAA (while still charged with Glu!). Given this information, show and explain how the translated products would differ between the cells using wild-type tRNA or the mutant for the following mRNA sequence: (3pts) 5’ – AUG UAU CGU AGU GGU GUU UAA CAU AAU UUU – 3’ ° Codon chart for reference:
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