Guided Reading Questions for Anatomy & Physiology Introduction

GUIDED READING QUESTIONS (GRQ) 1 LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO A&P Read Modules 1.2-1.5, 4.1-4.2 Do not hesitate to use the Internet when a question is not directly addressed in the textbook. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Q1. Flow chart / diagram the six structural levels of organization of the human body. Q2. Review Figure 1.5 and classify the 11 organ systems as: Supportive — provides structure and support to human body Regulatory — regulates other organs in body Maintenance — maintains cells of the body Continuity — generation of offspring Cardiovascular system Digestive system Endocrine system Integumentary system Lymphatic system Muscular system Nervous system Reproductive system Respiratory system Skeletal system Urinary system Q3. Use directional terms to fill in the following blanks: The mouth is __________ to the eye. The elbow is __________ to the shoulder. The nose is __________ to the neck. The colon is _________ to the heart. The spine is _________ to the esophagus. 1 of 4

The hand is _________ to the diaphragm. Q4. In your own words, define homeostasis. Q5. Match the following components of a negative feedback loop: TERM ANSWER DEFINITION Stimulus A. Recognizes stimulus via receptor signal; typically in brain/endocrine system. Receptor or sensor B. Physiological change that restores homeostasis Control center C. Variable outside of normal physiological range Effectors D. Senses stimulus and sends chemical or electrical signal Response E. Signals created by control center to alter variable Q6. Flowchart / diagram a negative feedback loop using the above-defined terms. Q7. What is a key aspect of a positive feedback loop that differentiates it from a negative feedback loop? A) Positive feedback loops lack an initial stimulus B) Positive feedback loop receptors relay stimuli signals to control centers C) Positive feedback loop effector responses are amplified D) Positive feedback loops require a negative feedback loop to cease Q8. Match the epithelial tissue to the functions listed below [hint: may need to read sections 4.1 and 4.2 before answering this question]. I) Gas exchange II) Move urine III) Protect from mechanical force 2 of 4 A: Simple squamous epithelium

Q9. What are four types of gradients found in the human body? [hint: one was not mentioned in the assigned reading] Q10. What are two ways that cells communicate? Q11. What are the constituents of the ground substance of the extracellular matrix? Q12. Which type of protein fiber provides rigidity to the extracellular matrix? Q13. Match the cell junction to their function. JUNCTION ANSWER FUNCTION 3 of 4 B: Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium C: Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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Tight junction A. Allow substances to move from adjacent cells Desmosomes B. Provide resistance to mechanical stress Gap junctions C. Make intercellular spaces impermeable 4 of 4

GRQ-1_Intro

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