lab_manual_integumentary_lab_atlas

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Name: Zharia Robinson-Jackson Date: 12/20/2023 Integumentary System Lab Last updated: 6/15/2023 Activity 1: Skin Overview Part 1: Skin Overview ● Open Visible Body Suite. ● Search for and select the Animation "Function of the Skin. " ● Watch the animation and answer the following questions. 1. List the functions of the integumentary system. The functions of the Integumentary system are that it absorbs nutrients, regulates internal body temperatures, and eliminates waste. 2. Homeostasis is the process by which a healthy internal bodily state is maintained through physiological regulation. In 1–2 sentences, explain how the skin is involved in homeostasis. The skin provides a barrier between the environment and tissues and organs within the body. The skin is the largest organ in the body. It also provides sensation and vitamin D synthesis. 3. All skin tissue is composed of three main layers. Name the three layers of skin from superficial to deep. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin that provides are barrier between the body and the surrounding environment. The dermis is the middle layer of skin. The dermis had sensory nerve receptors that respond to touch and pass signals to nerves of the peripheral nerve system. The hypodermis is the deepest fatty layer of skin tissue, it’s in contact with the muscles underneath it. Part 2: Touch ● Open the Integumentary System View "Touch Receptors. " Explore the touch receptors found in the dermis and epidermis. Select the structures to learn their names and functions. 1. Using the information learned in this activity, match the following terms to their respective function:

__ C __ Tactile (Merkel) epithelial cells __ D __ Tactile (Meissner’s) corpuscles __ A __ Free nerve endings __ B __ Lamellar (Pacinian) corpuscles a. Detect pain, temperature, itch, and tickle b. Transmit signals related to touch and vibration c. Transmit signals related to touch d. Detect light touch, pressure, and vibration Part 3: Melanin and Melanocytes ● Open the Integumentary System View "Skin (Dark Pigmentation). " Explore melanocytes by reading their definition to learn how melanin and melanocytes are related. 1. In 1– 2 sentences, describe the role of melanocytes. Melanocytes are epidermal cells that produce melanin which is a pigment that protects skin from UV damage. Melanocytes transfer melanosomes through dendrites to keratinocytes . 2. In 1–2 sentences, compare the melanocytes of individuals with darker skin to the melanocytes of individuals with lighter skin. Individuals with darker skin have more active melanocytes which produce more melanin. Individuals with lighter skin and people with all skin tones have a similar concentration of melanocytes.

Activity 2: Hair Overview Part 1: Hair Overview ● Open the Integumentary System View "Hair Follicle (Curly Hair) " and select any part of the hair follicle. Click the drop down arrow next to the structure name and you should now see the structure "Hair. " Click on "Hair " and read the structure definition. 1. List the functions of hair. Some functions of hair is protection for the skin, increases sensory function, and aids in regulating body temperature. Hair insulates the scalp, protects the eyes and ears from foreign particles and helps sense light touch. 2. Remember that homeostasis is the process by which a healthy internal bodily state is maintained through physiological regulation. In 1–2 sentences, explain how hair is involved in homeostasis. Hair is involved in homeostasis because it serves as protection for the skin, increases sensory function and aids in regulating body temperature. Part 2: Curly Hair vs Straight Hair ● Open the Integumentary System View "Hair Follicle (Curly Hair). " Explore the structures to learn their names and functions. ● Open the Integumentary System View "Hair Follicle (Straight Hair). " Explore the structures to learn their names and functions. ● Use what you have learned in those two models to answer the following question. 1. In 2–3 sentences, describe some of the factors that influence the appearance of hair in straight hair vs. curly hair. Some factors that influence the appearance of hair in straight hair vs. curly hair is the amount of pigments present, the hair follicles shape, and the dermal papilla’s size and shape. The hair bulb’s position in relation to the follicle is

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another factor. Straight hair follicles are round in cross-section and curly hair follicles are tightly curled, that has a “C-shaped” curve.

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