C.elegans assignment SP23-REV(1)

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Allen County Community College *

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214

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Biology

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Feb 20, 2024

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WHAT?  Read the attached paper “A Transparent window into Biology: Primer on Caenorhabditis elegans” and answer the following questions. A Transparent window into Biology: Primer on Caenorhabditis elegans HOW?  This assignment should be completed as a guided annotation , rather than reading the entire paper and then responding to the questions. You are welcome to us eother external peer-reviewed articles as sources.  In-text citations are required. Anything that is not common knowledge should be cited. A detailed bibliography in APA format and links to the articles should be included. If citations cannot be verified a grade of zero will be assigned.  Splitting the reading/questions over a few days will aid in knowledge retention and understanding.  Make a copy of this document and provide your responses underneath the associated question.  You are required to synthesize the scientific information from the paper and paraphrase it in your own words.  Use of AI and/or copying information from the web/papers will be considered an act of academic dishonesty and will be reported as per UTD policy. If Turnitin shows a high match or a high AI score then the student will be reported as per UTD policy.  Use accurate vocabulary and answer to the questions. Vague answers will receive partial credit. Pay good attention to the question and the weightage of points each response carries. Make sure you answer the question being asked and use the claim, evidence, and reasoning strategy to respond to a question.  This is a Turnitin assignment. Make sure you get an email confirmation for your submission. Also, pay attention to the similarity score for your responses. Total points: 35 1. Explain giving four reasons why C. elegans are a powerful model to study eukaryotic genetics at the level of a single cell within the context of the entire organism (4 points). The first reason will be the C.elegans small size the adult’s length is 1 mm, which allows researchers to reproduce, and manipulate them easily, while being convenient to keep them in a lab. Secondly, they are transparent at all their lives stages, this allows researchers to examine all the developmental stages of the C. elegance and observe any mutations or changes that can occur at the level of a single cell and proteins under microscopy. Thirdly, they have a short generation cycle of 3 days, which allows in tracking multiple generations over a short time, genetic mapping and observing environmental changes. Lastly, C. elegans can (Silverman and others,2010). 2. Discuss three features that allow C. elegans maintenance and experimental use for genetic studies (3 points).

The first feature is the ability to manipulate the genes in C. elegans which helps researchers study neurodegenerative diseases and aging due to their relevancy to humans. Moreover, self-fertilization, because C. elegans have two sexes males and hermaphrodites they can produce offspring on their own if there were not any males available for mating; this makes it possible to maintain generations. Also, store them by freezing them and recovering them is easy and while doing so the mutations strains will be stored without being damaged or affected by other mutant suppressors. (Corsi and others, 2015) 3. Answer the questions below referring to the sexual forms of C. elegans: a. What is an “ovotestis”? (1 point). Hermaphrodites one sexual form of C. elegans produce ovotestis that produce haploid sperm that is stored b. Discuss giving three examples the advantages offered by self-fertilizing hermaphrodite for genetic analysis (3 points) c. What benefits do males offer for genetic analysis? (1 point). 4. Discuss the “dauer” stage of the worm. When does the worm enter the Dauer stage? What are the anatomical changes of the Dauer stage? (2 points) 5. Compare the C. elegans hermaphrodite and male worm (2 points): Hermaphrodite Male Anatomical features Mating Sex-chromosome makeup Number of progeny 6. If mating occurred between a male and a hermaphrodite , what percentage of its progeny will be males? Explain why. (1 point) 7. Explain what the nomenclature given below represents (2 points): a. + b. lon-2 c. Unc d. MEK-1 8. Explain the difference between forward and reverse genetics (2 points) 9. Explain the statement giving three valid reasons why “many biological problems can be studied “in miniature” at a single-cell level, instead of large number of cells in heterogenous tissues using C. elegans” (3 points) 10. You are a C. elegans researcher. You are required to use other sources/literature to formulate your answer. a. Identify a C. elegans tissue you would like to study (1 point) b. Formulate a research question and explain why this question should be explored. How will studying the tissue of “choice” help understanding the biological

phenomenon in humans. Give the advantages and limitations of the tissue in relation to the question (5 points). i. Please note that the question is worth 5 points and simply listing a tissue and giving a one sentence response about why it was chosen is not expected. The expectation is that every student responds to why a specific tissue was chosen to explore the research question by discussing the advantages of the tissue and the limitations it involves in relation to the research question. Also, if there is conservation of specific molecular pathways that allows the research question to be studied in depth then they should be discussed as well. c. Identify one assay (experiment) you would like to conduct that will help you answer your biological question (5 points). i. Note that this question is worth 5 points . This means that simply listing the assay is not going to cut it. You need to explain the experiment by including: What will be done? How will it be done? And what data will be collected?

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References Silverman, G. A., Luke, C. J., Bhatia, S. R., Long, O. S., Vetica, A. C., Perlmutter, D. H., & Pak, S. C. (2010, January 1). Modeling molecular and cellular aspects of human disease using the nematode caenorhabditis elegans . Pediatric research. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2731241/ Corsi, A. K., Wightman, B., & Chalfie, M. (2015, June 3). A Transparent Window into Biology: A Primer on Caenorhabditis elegans . Academic.oup.com. https://academic.oup.com/genetics/article/200/2/387/5936175?login=true

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