Lab-12-Ecology-Worksheet

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Railey Sullivan BSC 108 Lab 12: Ecology Lab Worksheet Ecology Lab Instructions: Answer the questions below, based on the three experiments you complete for this lab. Experiment 2 – Estimating Population Size - Tagging Part 1: Mark Bluegill Length (cm) Mass (g) 1 18.4 567.165 The rest of the data are provided for you in the table. Determine the average length of all 100 fish by adding each length listed in the table and dividing by 100. Determine the average mass of all 100 fish by adding each mass listed in the table and dividing by 100. Average Length (cm) Average Mass (g) 18.6 453.132 Part 2: Recapture Complete the table below by finding the averages as directed in Part 1. Average Length (cm) Average Mass (g) Number of Fish with Tags 17.9 433.534 1 Experiment 3 – Effect of Predator Introduction on Population Size Part 1: Mark Bluegill Length (cm) Mass (g) Tagged? Yes or No Page 1 | 4

Click or tap here to enter text. BSC 108 Lab 12: Ecology Lab Worksheet 1 21.5 493.914 no Complete the table below by finding the averages and ranges as directed in Part 1. Average Length (cm) Average Mass (g) 16 435.772 Part 2: Recapture Complete the table below by finding the averages as directed in Part 1. Average Length (cm) Average Mass (g) Number of Fish with Tags 18.2 483.954 0 Ecology Lab 1. What are the three assumptions of the mark and recapture estimate? 1) Marks are not lost or overlooked 2) The population doesn’t change by reproduction, immigration, or growth. 3) Marked and unmarked animals are completely the same, except for the presence or absence of marks 2. Based on the assumptions described in the Background of the Lab, why might the mark and recapture method of population estimation be more accurate in a lake than in a stream or river? they mix back evenly into the population, which then the population is resampled to find out what percentage of the sample has the mark from the first capture in a more condensed, enclosed area 3. What are some characteristics of the collecting locations that might make the samples collected from each location distinct from the others? the temperature of some collecting locations, the depth of the specific zone, and the resources offered Experiment 2 - Estimating Population Size Page 2 | 4

Click or tap here to enter text. BSC 108 Lab 12: Ecology Lab Worksheet 4. Is there a significant difference (more than 5 cm) between this average length and the average length from Part 1: Mark? If so, what could account for the variability? no, there is only about a centimeter difference in both average lengths. But a specific fishing zone could account for the variability if there is less than in part 1. The recaptured fish could be shorter in length cause of this 5. Is there a significant difference (more than 20 grams) between this average mass and the average mass from Part 1: Mark? If so, what could account for that variability? yes, there is about a 20-gram difference in both average masses. The resources offered could account for the variability since part 2 was significantly less. The recaptured fish could be less dense cause of this 6. How many bluegill fish are in the lake? Calculate your population estimate (N) using the equation: N = MC/R Where: M = total # of fish caught and marked on first visit (100) C = total # of fish caught on second visit (100) R = # of marked (tagged) fish that were caught on second visit (during recapture in Part 2) 10,000 fish Experiment 3 – Effect of Predator Introduction on Population Size 7. Why is it important to wait a year before performing the second population estimate? it important to wait a specific amount of time to allow the fish to repopulate and readapt to their environment with predators introduced 8. Is there a significant difference (more than 10 cm) between the average length in Experiment 3 and the averages from before introduction of the bass in Experiment 2? If so, why might predation shift the average up or down? there was not a significant difference between the length before and after the introduction of a predator. Predation could shift the average down because of fish staying in a certain zone and not moving around to grow because of the presence of bass. 9. Is there a significant difference (more than 10 grams) between the average mass in Experiment 3 and the average masses from before the introduction of the bass Page 3 | 4

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Click or tap here to enter text. BSC 108 Lab 12: Ecology Lab Worksheet in Experiment 2? If so, why might predation shift the average up or down? yes, there is a significant difference in the average mass before and after the introduction of bass. The predators could of made the bluegill fight for survival of the fittest, making the strongest one more dense and more resources available to them. 10.How many bluegill fish are in the lake after the predator bass fish were introduced? Calculate your population estimate (N) using the equation: N = MC/R Where: M = total # of fish marked on first visit (100) C = total # of fish caught on second visit (100) R = # of marked (tagged) fish that were caught on second visit (during recapture in Part 3) 10,000 fish 11.How does your population estimate compare to the one from Experiment 1? Was the hypothesis in the Background correct? Why or why not? my population estimate was around the same as my previous one. The hypothesis in the background was not correct, even though it would make sense that there would be less bluegill when recaptured during the spring. None of my fish came back with their previous markings in part 2 12.What are two other environmental factors that could affect the bluegill population? How and why would they affect it? the weather could affect the bluegill population because it would change the temperature in the water. Also, the assumption of overfishing or underfishing of bluegill and bass. Less bass would lead to more bluegill and less bluegill would lead to more bass Page 4 | 4

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