ANTH-LING 203 Fall Midterm 1, Heather Clark

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< - Rame: AN e ANTH/LING 203(503): Intro. to Linguistic Anthropology . MIDTERM EXAM: October 31,2016 Exam Total 100pts. Write your iaime of ¢ach page. 1. In the movie American Tongues we leamed the difference petween dialect, accent, and slang. African American English (AAE) is an example of slang: True False > (ipoint) 2. The film Transitions: Destruction of a Mother Tongue, lists three institutions - boarding school, church and government - that were responsible for the erasure of Native American languages. How did the approaches of these institutions diminish the Native American languages? (Choose three that apply, 1 point for each correct answer) - A. The government passed a law that the Native Americans wers not allowed to speak their X ) native languages in the family . (_B,) The children leamed to be ashamed of their culture and language (C.)The children needed to know the White culture and language to be successful L The Church encouraged their traditional practices as long as they performed them in English @The children were taken from home and kept away from their tradition and language oose six statements below which describe ethnographic methods (1 point each) Analyzing conversations in social media Div_idin_g respondents into two groups: experimental and control groups f Living in the community you are working with )\ 7 7 Using information that has been collected by other researchers @ Stopping and asking people short questions about a certain topic on the street Aot the.in t= 1o do thei hinal ol F. Going to an informal meeting and taking notes about the talk Using related articles in newspapers and magazines laying online games and observing the other players 1.~ Predicting human behavior with computer systems KL)\ 4. List the two approaches that attempt to explain how language began. (2 point each) - &$\ 20OV o«$om@CV\ AW ORI\ i : hite \ 5. In the film Do You Speak American the narrator stated that African Americans and\a' ooint) )i people sound more alike now than they did in the past. True False f_ . An anthropologist conducted fieldwork abroad. He wentto a local market to sotoo\_ f;: . groceries. He picked a pepper and said to the |oco| seller that he wanted to buy '\"t;'\s . said in her language, “Do you want to buy this fruit?” He nodded"and thougt;t, e et interesting. In our culture we categorize peppers as vegetables.” He, then, dect izati in the community he works with. ore about the categorization system inthe ) . " :rr\\ this conversation, the anthropologist applies ETIC orldview towards the lo seller (circle your answer, 1 point.) 7. On the back side of this sheet define cutture (to receive full credit your answer has to include tt;ree of the distinct features of culture). (10 oints) SRV C. gl M 4

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el Name: W /4 2 8. Com . N e i ftr s cammssonsof 192 S o ness oy whole statement, 1 min?;gc}]%%- (Put the letter in the comec e the The Federal . A-/-fim——LZ;SMe\] Commissioner of Indian Affair The Native A 1990 9es Act 1887 ] R C . ) D - & — = 5 W G A_ ltis the policy of the US government to prese languages . It is important to work with Na cultures and languages B\:ll_'he White and Indians must mingle together . Teaching English will bring civilization ) “E. Respecting indigenous languages and cultures in schools will help the children develop self-esteem as Native Americans en the White and the Indian disappear “E_ English education will make the differences betwe s. “The English language as taught in America is good enough for all her people of all 1 P rve, protect and promote Native American tive Americans to ensuré the survival of their unique races.” X |dentifying endangered Native American languages is crucial 9. From the list below, choose tions that are examples of the Nonverbal Systems discussed in Ottenheimer Chapter 57 (1point for each correct answer) Looking unhappy when you say you are fine. ' Hugging or kissing a friend when you greet them tanding very close to someone when you speak to them ~“Raising your voice when you are angry 4 E. Using a lower-pitched voice to seem more professional Discriminating against renters because of how the food they cook might smell " Keeping you voice calm in emergency situations 10. The Broca's area controls these linguistic functions ( eck three that éip‘mwoint for every correct answer) g " /@Jnderstanding of word meaning _ Clarity of speech ronunciation of words ’L_ D. Ability to converse ord order 11. The International Phonetic Alphabet chart for consonants is organized by what two features? (2 point for each correct answer) x\;w‘fiOVULHF% X PmOM\V\iCE manner 0} wHa:lCthvrw Ffa((, Z

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Name: //___\ i ide (2 point for ¢ answer) N the left side with the definition on the it S ( 2 corregy 1 Phonology (V ) h\ The identification and description of language soungg 2. Phonetics (P) \{ A variant form of 2 phoneme 3. Phonemics €) ©~ A sound that functions to distinguish one word from another in a language 4. Phone () )( \ A study of language sounds 9 [ E. The analysis of the way sounds are arranged in languages 6. Allophone (%) ‘F—. Smallest identifiable unit of sound in a language ‘\ 5. Phoneme (F ) 7( 13. There are four theories to explain how children learn language. Pair the name of the theory on the left side with the definition or example on the right side. (1 point for each correct answer) 1. Innate theory (Q) “A~Children hear the words and imitate those words. They get rewards when they do it correctly or corrections when they do it wrong. 1 F Behaviorist theory (P?( B\Children develop their language skills at the same pace as their intellectual development. ECognitivist theory () Children do not learn language. They are born with brain /( capacity, which enables them to easily fit in any language they were expected to speak. ' 4. Theory theory ( @) _ | D. Children observe and learn from their caretakers and develop X their own language formula 14. On the back side of this sheet explain the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis (to receive full credit your answer has to include both aspects of the hypothesis.) (10 points)

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: /33 Name:/uﬂ’&m&%\ AB 15. Vervet monk rvet eys have a communication System because (choose t,.W_—o- that applY, 2 pomt) A they ’l:lan to go hunting together ey have thr i o , one for eagle, snake ee specific kinds of waming sounds: °'° for leopard - aNd ong g with their fellows C.th ; @N:: can live together in a cave where they have 2 12 : " n they see a danger, they send sound signals t0 wam their fellows - they teach their babies to use sign languag® 16. In the film Sou eaf community ab ) nd and Fury, there were controve D0ut th Cochlear implants. Identify thrz statements that represent the pro (imasats fO“S,::)ep&n lmp'ant:) and the contra (reasons to reject implants) in the table below. (No need o ré € Whole point for each correct answer). statement. Put the latter in the correct column. 1 ____,/_—_\. Pro P F rsies within the D | & P “A._Deaf children can live in two worlds: the hearin Deafness should be accepted as itis The Cochlear implant kills the Deaf culture " Deaf culture is unique and beautiful “E. The implant makes Deaf people like robots “F. The normal schools in general have higher quality than Deaf schools 6. Deaf children need an implant to learn spoken language as early as possible ~p.. Parents who reject implants for their kids are abusive Mig|ofe g and the Deaf worlds correct statements for American Sign Language (ASL). 17. Choose five | Cross (X) the correct statements (1 points for each correct answer). ( )ASLis based on English and has the same grammar structure (X) ASLis structured differently from spoken American English ( ) In applying ASL, a right-handed signer can sign more than a left-handed (NASL apply question words at the end of sentences. ( )ASL have two phonemes: Dez and Sig (Y) ASL recognizes regional differences, such as Northern and Southern Facial expressions are part of the grammar () Unlike spoken language, speakers of one sign language can easily understand speakers of other sign languages (y) ASL applies Time-Topic- an apple yesterday” ( ) Gestures and signs are the same thing Comment grammar, such as “Day-Past Me Eat Apple” to say “| ate

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answer) 18. Cholf)Se four ideas of linguistic relativity (1 point for each anguages are different in its hardest B. Language is a prison. It shapes the worldvieW of the sPeak;r:ntity confusion$e C. Those who speak more than oné languag® ot how another language wo @ K_nawing one language does not allow you f0 pred rk E. Bilingualism is impossible |ot more differences (&) There may be similarities amond languages: but 2 certain lines and make it diff; G. Different grammars oblige speakers t0 think alongd icult g learn a different grammar. ) There is no universal grammar poth correct, 1 point) /1{ Give two examples of diwh::&g% (must have et C " 20. Paralanguage - the sounds that accompany speech of the ways words are produced - is an important aspect of communication. Choose two statements that are correct about ralanguage. (1 point for each correct answer) Voice quality and intonation are two important B. Paralanguage only applies to spoken languageé C. Paralanguage is universal, for example rising intonation means anger he way something is said (such as whispering, hushing, or yelling) contributes to the meaning. E. Since Britons and Americans speak English, they share a similar paralanguage. in most of cultures. 21. In the film Language: The Mind, research shows that both Deaf and hearing children are using the same brain hemisphere when they produce sign or talk. True False (1 point) 22.On the back side of this sheet define Language Ideology, and give an example of either an overt expressed belief or an implicit belief from any of the movies ! we we have read so far. (10 points) s

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ANTH-LING 203 Fall Midterm 1, Heather Clark

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