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Anthropology

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Oct 30, 2023

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Animal Camouflage Animals usually blend into their natural backgroud by producing colors smailar to their natural surroundings.this technique is known as camouflages.lt can be used both to protect animals hunting for prey.Camouflage makes lt difficult todistinguish animals in the wild because their difficult to distinguish animals in the wild because their colors match those of their environment. Some animals change colors through multiple thiy physical structures.Just as a prise scatters visible light to reflect the colors of the rainbows,these structures convert available light into a particular mix of colors.Polar bears,for example actually have black skin and clear hairs.But when light shins on a polar bear,each of its hairs bends the light,bouning it around so that the animal appears white. Other animals actually change the color of their skin by producing pigments called biochromes.These pigments absorb some light waves and reflect others.Octopuses use biochromes to change not only the color of their skin but also the patterin.When an ocatopus feels threatened,it can seemingly disappear into the surrounding terrain. pop art After World War ll,the United States begin to enjoy a period of peace and prosperity,during which Americans found they had more money and leisure time.The mass-produced consumer goods that flooded stores were marketed in colorful advertisements.This led to the emergence of a new type of culture.Rock and roll music became popular and television shows began to replace radio shows for entertainment.In the art world,the pop art moverment responded to these changes. Until then,the dominant style of art was abstract expressionism,which was mostly appreciated by elites.But pop art was based on everday objects instead of philosohical ideals.Pop artists depicted them in realistic images modeled after advertisements.and they reproduced their artwork in large quantities using the tools of commercial mass- production.The aim was to destory ideas about originality and to blur the lines between ‘high’art and ‘low’’art. Roy Lichtenstein,renowned for his comic book -inspired works,and Jasper Johns were some of the pioneers of the movement.But AndyWarhol was perhaps the most well- known.In addition to creating paintings of Campbell’s Soup cans,he used images of prominent figures such asMarilyn Monroe,Elvis Presley,and Michael Jackson for his portraits.Furthermore,he developed his own technique to produce art,combining traditional paitings with printed images.The blend of old and new methods created unique works. The pop art movement was important because art became aceessible to everyone and not just rich people.Because pop art incorporated elements from mass media and everyday iteams,it was well-liked by the general public.In fact,many regarded it as ‘art for everyone’. The environmental threat of avocados over the past decide,global avocado producition has more than loubed.This trend will likely continue as more consumers are familiar with the health benefits of avocados,which are an excellent source of vitamins and healthy fat.Unfortunately,the

increased popularity of avocados has had a negative effect on the environment. One issue is that the cultivataion of avocados contributes to deforestion.The cultivation of this fruit is highly profitable,so more and more land is being cleared to grow it .For example,approximately 30,000acres of forest are lost annually in mexico to creatae new avocado farms,which is a concern because the destrution of forests is linked to global warming.It also puts an increaing number of native plant and animal species at risk due to habitat loss. Avocados cause futher problems because the trees that prduce this fruit are water intensive.On orange,70liters of water is needed to produce a single avocado.By comparison,only 22 liters is used to grow an ornage.Avocado cultivation has depleted water resources in many parts of the world,and,in some caces,it has even led to signficant water shortages for the local people. The amount of energy used to transpot avocados is also a concern.Although avocados are primarily gorwn in Central and South America,the largest markets for this fruit are in Europe and the United Stages.Avocados must be kept below 13degrees Celsius during shipment as they willl ripen early if they are exposed to higher temperatures.Therefore,a large amount of energy is required to transport avocados from producers to consumers. Right-Handedness among Humans Handedness is a prefernce for using either the right or left hand.By some estimates,over 90 percent of people are right-handed.This makes humans unique.Population groups of other primates,such as chimpanzees,inclde roughly the same number of right -and left -handed individuals. The tendency toward right -handedness among humans is not a new phenmomen.Arch aeologists who study our early ancestors have found evidence that many individuals shared this characteristic is the past.For example,they examined a large number of stone tools created from 1.9to1.4million years ago.Right-handed individuals produced slightly more than half of these tools.Studies of preserved teeth from 600,000years ago show that this trend became stronger over time.The wear on the teeth indicates that the vast majority of individuals used their hand to put food in their mouth. While there is much evidence of right-handedness being a common human trait for a long period of time,scientists are still uncertain of the reason.One theory is that it is related to social cooperation.Early humans shared tools and worked together on tasks.This is possible that humans became mainly right-handed as they resided in groups and cooperated with each other over many generations. Another potential explanation is based on how the brain is split into two hemispheres.The left side controls the right part of the body and vice versa. In humans, the left hemisphere also handles language. It is likely that as humans began to use the language regularly,the left side of the brain became dominant.This could result in a preference for using the right side of the body. How a Camel Survives in the Desert Deserts are areas of land with very little water.

Most are characterized by extreme heat throughout the year.Therefore,desert animals must be able to cope with the lack of mosisture and high tempreatures.An example of an animal that has successfully adapted to the desert ecosystem is the camel. A camel is able to survise in the desert because it uses water very efficiently,In fact,most camels can go for 7to 10days without drinking.One reason for water vapor in a camel’s breath is chaned into a liquid before it escapes into the air.This then returns to the camels body.A camel is also able to conserve water because it does not sweat until its body temperature reaches 41 degrees Cesius.Most animals begin sweating when they are much cooler than this. The ability to tolerate heat is another factor that makes a camel well suited to a desert environment.Most importanly,a camel’s fat is stored primarily in the hump on its back.The lack of fat on the rest of the body means that heat can be released very quickly.In addition, a camel’s body temperature drops significantly at night.Starting each day with a low body temperature allows a camel to endrure the heat for a long period of time.Finally,a camel has tinck pads on its feet.these offer protection from the hot desert sand as a camel walks. The Great Pyramid of Giza The Great Pyramid of Giza is the only on of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World that stil exists.Construction was completed around 2560 BC.For about 3,800 years,the pyramid was the tallest manmade structure until the Lincoln Cathearel was erected in AD 1311. Archaeologists are uncertain about how the ancient Egyptians built such a massive structure.In particular,the method used to transport the 2,3 million stone blocks that comprise the pyramid is not known.The smallest of these weighs 1,3tons while the largest is a almost 80 tons. One theroy is that the blocks were placed on sleds and then drgged to the site of the pyramid.As the pyramid became taller,ramps were placed aroundit.This allowed blocks to be added to the upper levels.The labor would have been doon entirely by people as the ancient Egyptians did not use oxen or horses as work animals.lt is brlieved that it took 30,000 workers 20 years to construct the Great Pyramid .Significant resources were also needed to feed and accommodate so many workers. The obvious qustion is why so much effort was put into building this structure.The Great Pyramid served as a tomb for the Egytian ruler Khufu.The ancient Egyptians believed that their kings-known as pharaohs - were gods rather than mortals.Therefore,they had to have impresive tombs.These burial places included not only the body but also the things needed to enjoy the afterlife.For exampie ,pharaohs were usually buried with beautiful robes,expensive wines,and treasures such as rings and necklaces.Also,the interior walls were painted with pictures of the dead person’s life.In effect,the pyramids were monuments to the pharaohs.

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