RELIGON 205 Test 2

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School

Iowa State University *

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205

Subject

Anthropology

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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Indigenous Traditions 1. Identify how the history of Colonialism intersects with the academic study of Religion a. Describe how outsiders (academics/missionaries, etc.) traditionally labeled indigenous traditions. Insiders may have more of an essentialism approach due to personal experiences. Outsiders may have more of a functionalism approach due to factual investogation and observability. Both insiders and outsiders can relate to family approach system because everybody can relate to at least one aspect. b. What is Deloria’s thesis in “Anthropologist and Other Friends” about the effect of anthropologists on indigenous communities? How does it relate to the paradigm of Insiders/Outsiders? Deloria's thesis talks about how the anthropologist caused the Indigenous people today to be seen as invisible and extinct because they defined the Indigenous people in their books relate by it causes the outsiders to only see what they anthropologists saw and not see the whole picture 2. Identify the key “family resemblances” of Indigenous religious traditions approach where nothing is defined by an essense or function but overlapping traits. ex- belief system, community, central strories, rituals, ethics, sacredness a theory that assumes nothing is defined by only one essence or function; therefore, what we call religions are defined by a set of traits that they share to one degree or another 3. Explain why Indigenous communities view land as sacred a. How do views of “land” differ between indigenous and non-indigenous Americans? Indigenous groups believe certain lands are sacred. Some groups "go to church" in the woods to be with nature. Similar to Jerusalem from Christians, certain land is important to Indigenous groups. Land is a source of power and should be respected. Non-Indigenous American: land is a resource - to be developed, exploited, bought, sold for profit, nearly unrestricted individual or corporate ownership Indigenous American: specific places are a source of sacred power

relationship to land which is more communitarian than individual b. What is an example of a land dispute between Indigenous people and the US government? Ex. Devils Tower in Wyoming. Native Americans see it as a sacred ground and see it as disrespect when climbers use it for hobby. However, some climbers argue that climbing is their church and they also have a right. The park has tried to encourage respect between the two but climbers can climb whenever they want. 4. Identify key events in the Haudenosaunee Creation Story a. According to this story and the Thanksgiving address, what is the relationship of humanity to the earth? 5. Identify the story and function of the Sioux Sacred Pipe a. How is the ritual of the Sacred Pipe connected to Sioux views on the earth? The Earth is their sacred place, their mother show that they need to take care of the Earth because they only get this one Can you define and explain the significance of the following key terms? From Lecture videos: Indigenous “Primitive” label given by colonists, negative connotation, unchanging, not progressing Vine Deloria Jr. – argument about anthropologists Kinship reverence for ancestors sacred time (rhythmic time) Orality The traditions and features unique to purely verbal storytelling. Haudenosaunee creation story Sky woman in sky, tree gets uprooted, she falls into tons of water, sea turtle lets her sit on his back, recreates sky world on turtle, gives birth to daughter and dies, daughter has one good and one bad twin Haudenosaunee Thanksgiving Address Sioux Arval Looking Horse Sacred Pipe essential to the Sioux for their rituals and for healing

White Buffalo Woman brought pipe and oral traditions to Lakota Sweat Lodge Mato Tipila (Lodge of the Bear/Devil’s Tower) (Media Assignment) Bear’s Ear Monument (Media Assignment)

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