Chapter 10
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Domestic and International Aviation Law Questions Over Chapter Ten
1.
While attempting to land a single-engine tailwheel airplane in a crosswind at a private
uncontrolled airfield, you lost control and the aircraft “ground-looped.”
a.
The right wingtip was damaged to the extent that it will have to be repaired or
replaced before further flight. Are you required to notify any government agency of this
event? Explain.
No, damage to a wingtip is excluded from the definition of substantial
damage.
b.
During the course of the ground loop, the right main landing gear leg also
failed. Now are you required to notify any government agency of this event? Explain.
No,
damage to landing gear is excluded from the definition of substantial damage
c.
When the landing gear failed, the propeller struck the ground and was bent.
Now are you required to notify any government agency of this event? Explain. If the
ground impact caused a propeller blade to separate from the aircraft would you arrive at
the same or a different answer? Explain.
You are not required to notify any government
agency of this event because it is not considered substantial damage. If the blade flew off
of the engine for no reason you would have to report the incident, however, since it came
off of the engine from the prop strike you do not have to report it.
d.
A subsequent tear-down inspection of the engine reveals that the prop strike
bent the crankshaft. Now are you required to notify any government agency of the event?
Explain.
Although, I would think of this as being substantial damage, according to the
author of our text, it is not considered substantial damage. You are not required to notify
any government agency of the event because the incident is not considered substantial
damage.
2.
You just landed a light twin without first lowering the landing gear. Both propellers are
curled back, the flaps are bent, and there are some dents and scrapes on the aircraft’s
belly skin.
a.
You believe the cause was that you were distracted in your performance of the
aircraft’s pre-landing checklist by the air traffic controller calling to point out other traffic
to you. Are you required to notify any government agency about this mishap? Explain.
No. The damage to the aircraft in this incident does not constitute substantial damage. No
serious injury occurred and damage done is excluded from accident. In fact, this incident
is not even required to be reported. NTSB Part 830
b.
You believe that the cause was a malfunction or failure of the landing gear
system, because you remember placing the gear handle in the “down” position and
observing three illuminated green lights, indicating that all three landing gear were down
and locked. Are you required to notify any government agency of this mishap? Explain.
No, the landing gear is not a flight control system and therefore does not need to be report
as an accident or incident.
c.
A tear-down inspection of the engines reveals that both crankshafts were bent
when the propellers struck the ground. Now are you required to notify any government
agency of this event? Explain.
Yes, because of the two engine rule. Now an accident
report would be required because both engines were damaged in the accident. This would
need to be reported to the NTSB as an accident.
3.
While operating at an uncontrolled airport, you have a midair collision with another
aircraft that you did not see and that had no radio with which to report its whereabouts or
intentions.
a.
Fortunately for everyone involved, your aircraft suffered no damage, and the
only damage to the other aircraft was a small hole punctured in the upper skin of a wing
by your landing gear. No one was hurt, and both aircraft landed uneventfully. Are you
required to notify any government agency of this mishap? Explain.
Yes, because any
midair collision constitutes immediate notification to the NTSB.
b.
The two aircraft involved were both blimps, which merely bounced off each
other rather comically, with no damage to either aircraft. Are you required to notify any
government agency of this mishap? Explain.
Yes, even though this does not meet the
definition of an accident, any incident involving an aircraft collision in flight requires a
report to the NTSB.
c.
The two aircraft did not collide, but missed each other by no more than a
millimeter. Are you required to notify any government agency of this event? Explain.
No,
this type of incident is not listed on the list of incidents that require reports to the NTSB.
You would file an Aviation Safety Report with NASA
4.
You are flying a large jet transport and experience a failure of one of the four turbine
engines. No one is injured, and you are able to make a successful emergency landing.
a.
The failure was apparently caused by ingesting a large bird, which caused
numerous turbine blades to break off and be blown out the engine exhaust. Are you
required to notify any government agency of this occurrence? Explain.
No, damage was
only to one engine so it is not an accident and if the turbine blades are blown out by the
exhaust it is not an incident that requires an mandatory report.
b.
The failure was catastrophic and uncontained, causing a turbine wheel to
emerge from the side of the engine cowling, penetrating and lodging in the fuselage. Now
are you required to notify any government agency of this occurrence? Explain.
Yes, a
report to the NTSB would be required for this incident because the turbine blades escaped
by a path different from the exhaust path.
5.
You are operating an aircraft equipped with a single electronic primary flight display.
While in flight the screen goes dark, displaying no information. You have no other
electronic cockpit displays. Are you required to notify any government agency of this
failure? Does your answer depend upon whether you are operating in IMC or VMC at the
time? Explain.
Yes, this would require an incident report be made to the NTSB. Complete
loss of information from more than 50% of an aircraft's cockpit displays requires an
incident report be made to the NTSB. Here, 100% of the electronic cockpit displays
failed, and it does not matter if the aircraft is in VMC or IMC.
6.
While maneuvering on an aircraft parking ramp, a line service attendant accidentally
strikes a helicopter’s main rotor blade with the gas truck, damaging it to the extent that
the blade will have to be replaced. Must any government agency be notified of this
mishap? Explain.
Yes, the NTSB must be notified of this incident. Any damage to a
helicopters rotor or blades that causes them to have to be replaced, even ground damage,
requires a report to the NTSB.
7.
You are operating a regional airliner. On takeoff roll, you observe a small general
aviation aircraft beginning to cross your runway ahead. You apply full braking and full
reverse thrust, successfully aborting the takeoff and stopping short of the other aircraft.
Are you required to notify any government agency of this occurrence? Explain.
Yes, an
incident report is required to be filed with the NTSB because a runway incursion which
required immediate corrective action to be taken to avoid a collision occurred.
8.
What accidents and incidents are you required to report to the FAA? Flight control
system malfunction or failure.
Inability of any required flight crew member to perform their normal flight duties as a
result of injury or illness.
Failure of structural components of a turbine engine excluding compressor and turbine
blades and vanes. Inflight fire. Aircraft collide in flight. Damage to property, other than
the aircraft, estimated to exceed $25,000 for repair (including materials and labor) or fair
market value in the event of total loss, whichever is less. For large multi‐engine aircraft
(more than 12,500 pounds maximum certificated takeoff weight): Inflight failure of
electrical systems which requires the sustained use of an emergency bus powered by a
back‐up source such as a battery, auxiliary power unit, or air‐driven generator to retain
flight control or essential instruments; Inflight failure of hydraulic systems that results in
sustained reliance on the sole remaining hydraulic or mechanical system for movement of
flight control surfaces. Sustained loss of the power or thrust produced by two or more
engines; and an evacuation of aircraft in which an emergency egress system is utilized.
9.
You experience an in-flight engine failure in a single-engine aircraft and make an
emergency landing on a freeway below.
a.
You land and roll off into the median without damage to the aircraft or anything
else. There are no injuries. Are you required to notify any government agency of this
event? Explain.
No. It does not qualify as an accident or incident
b.
You land on and destroy a $200,000 exotic sports car. Seeing the aircraft
coming, the car’s occupants jump out and escape unscathed, and there is no damage to
the aircraft except some scraped paint and a flat tire. The occupants of the aircraft are not
injured. Are you required to notify any government agency of this occurrence? Explain.
Yes, this incident caused damage to property in excess of $25,000 which requires an
incident report be filed with the NTSB
10.
A catering truck rolls into a parked airliner, damaging the fuselage and pressure
vessel to the extent that it will require a major repair before flight.
a.
Only the aircraft cleaning crew is aboard at the time of the collision. Is the
airline required to notify any government agency of this occurrence? Explain.
No,
because there is no intention of going to fly
b.
The passengers have not yet begun to board the aircraft at the time of the
collision, but the flight crew is aboard preparing the aircraft for departure when the
collision occurs. Is the airline required to notify any government agency of this
occurrence? Explain.
Yes, they are required to report to the NTSB because people are on
board with the intention of flight.
11.
You are involved in an accident as a flight crewmember. During the on-site phase of
the accident investigation, the NTSB wants to ask you some questions. The accident
investigation team includes some FAA personnel.
a.
If you make a statement in the presence of these FAA personnel, can it be used
against you in an enforcement action?
Yes, exception to Hearsay rule
b.
Is there a way to cooperate with the NTSB at this point by discussing the
accident with them, without running the risk of giving the FAA ammunition to suspend or
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revoke your certificate in a subsequent enforcement case? If so, describe.
Yes, get FAA to
agree not to report statements
12.
You just walked away from a spectacular crash that totally destroyed the airplane.
You have walked only a few yards when someone who obviously saw the crash comes
running up to you and says: “I can’t believe you’re alive. What happened?” You’re pretty
sure that you forgot to disengage the gust locks on the aircraft’s control surfaces before
attempting to take off.
a.
What will you say and why?
Nothing
b.
Who must you notify about this accident, and when and how?
Immediately
contact nearest NTSB field office by most expeditious means
c.
To whom are you required to submit a written report about the accident, and
when?
A written report to nearest NTSB office within 10 days after accident if able
13.
What support services does the NTSB make available to families of airline disaster
victims?
Joint Family Support Office (JFSO) to coordinate support from Red Cross and
other like organizations