Week 4 Video Part 1
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Washington State University *
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338
Subject
Accounting
Date
Nov 24, 2024
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Joint Products: multiple products made simultaneously up to a split-off point, where products become
separable
Ex: the production of gasoline, kerosene, and plastic
Take oil, run it through a process, and it produces these three joint products
○
-
Ex: oil and natural gas
Process (exploration), drill for it, out of the ground comes oil and natural gas
○
-
Ex: canned pineapples, pineapple juice, and animal feed (by product?)
Pineapple goes through a process to make these products
○
-
Note: No longer focused on OH
-
Objectives of Joint Costs allocation:
Determine the most appropriate way to allocate an inseparable cost
1.
Satisfy GAAP requirements
2.
Comply with tax laws
3.
-
Joint Cost Allocation Methods (gets less simple the further you get down the line)
Physical units method
1.
Weighted average method
2.
Sales value at split-off method
3.
Net realizable value (NRV) method
4.
Constant gross margin percentage method
5.
Example
We've got logs from a tree that go through a process
Out of that process comes four different types of lumber (A, B, C, and D) - "grades" of
lumber
Grade A lumber is highest quality, Grade D lumber is lowest quality
○
The logs going through the process has a $800 joint cost
We have to allocate this to the four different types of lumber
○
-
Physical units method
Grade
Board
feet
Allocation % (board feet for specific
grade/total board feet)
Allocation (allocation % *
joint cost)
A
100
10 (i.e., 100/1000)
80 (i.e., 0.1*800)
B
200
20
160
C
300
30
240
D
400
40
320
-
Weighted average method
Grade
Board
feet
Weight
Weighted BF
(board feet *
weight)
Allocation %
(weighted BF/total
weighted BF)
Allocation Cost
(Allocation % *
joint cost)
A
100
1.75
175
15.6%
$124.80
B
200
1.1
220
19.6%
$156.80
C
300
1.1
330
29.3%
$234.40
D
400
1
400
35.5%
$284.00
-
Sales value at split-off method
Grade
Board
feet
Market value @
split-off
Allocation % (MV @ split-
off/total MV @ split-off)
Allocation (Allocation
% * joint cost)
-
Guided Notes and Exam Prep Part 1
Tuesday, November 7, 2023
4:25 PM
Week 4 Page 1
feet
split-off
off/total MV @ split-off)
% * joint cost)
A
100
$1/bf = $100
12.2%
$97.60
B
200
$0.90/bf= $180
22.0%
$176.00
C
300
$0.80/bf = $240
29.3%
$234.40
D
400
$0.75/bf = $300
36.5%
$292.00
Net realizable value method
Sometimes, there is no market for the product at the split-off point
This occurs when we have a separable process that occurs after the split-off point that
makes our product marketable
Ex: packaging the lumber
□
○
All the logs go through separable processes before they can become a marketable product
Unlike the initial joint process, these processes are separable and we can directly trace
final product costs to these processes
○
Grade
Board
feet
Final
price
Cost to
process
split-off
Estimated
sales value
at split-off
(Final
price - Cost
to process
split-off?)
Estimated
market
value at
split-off
(Estimated
sales value
@ split-off *
Board feet)
Allocation
%
(Estimated
MV @ split-
off/total
estimated
MV @ split-
off)
Allocatio
n
(Allocatio
n % *
joint
cost)
A
100
$1.25/b
f
$0.10/bf
$1.15/bf
$115
13.1%
$104.80
B
200
$1.00/b
f
$0.05/bf
$0.95/bf
$190
21.7%
$173.60
C
300
$0.95/b
f
$0.05/bf
$0.90/bf
$270
30.9%
$247.20
D
400
$0.80/b
f
$0.05/bf
$0.75/bf
$300
34.3%
$274.40
-
Constant Gross Margin Percentage Method
Total revenues - joint cost - further processing cost = gross margin
○
Gross margin/revenue = gross margin percentage
○
Revenue
$930 (100*1.25 + 200*1 + 300*0.95 + 400*0.8)
Joint costs
800
Further processing costs
55 (100*0.1 + 900*0.05)
Gross margin
$75
Gross margin %
8%
Grade
A
B
C
D
Total
Final market value
125
200
285
320
930
Gross margin (final MV * 8%)
10
-
-16
-23
-26
-75
COGS
115
184
262
294
855
Separable costs
-10
-10
-15
-20
-55
Allocated joint cost
105
174
247
274
800
-
Quiz Questions
In a joint product costing scenario, what is the split-off point?
1.
Week 4 Page 2
In a joint product costing scenario, what is the split-off point?
The point at which the joint products are first separable and can be identified as individual
products
a.
1.
Which statement best differentiates joint products from by-products in a production process?
Joint products are the main products produced, while by-products are secondary products
that are much less valuable than the main products
a.
2.
Which of the following joint cost allocation methods is the simplest?
Weighted average method
a.
3.
Assume that a food processing company has a joint process to produce two different types of
canned peaches (LS Peaches and J Peaches). During a particular production cycle, the company
produced 5,000 cans of LS Peaches that can be sold at the split-off point for $3 each and have a
final sales price of $4.50 after further processing. They also produced 10,000 cans of J Peaches
which have a potential sales value of $2.50 each at the split-off point and a final sales price of
$3.75 after additional processing. If the company incurred a total of $35,000 in joint costs and
decides to allocate $11,667 to LS Peaches and $23,333 to J Peaches, which joint costing method is
most likely being used?
Physical units method
a.
4.
Week 4 Page 3
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