FINAL ACCOUNTING EXAM
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Question 1)
Computate Inc. produces microprocessors for laptops. Last year, the company recognized revenues of $4,000,000. Total costs for the period were $2,000,000, of which $500,000 were fixed.
If sales were to increase by $150,000, by how much would Computate’s operating income increase?
The Operating Income would increase by $93,750
Total Revenue = $4,000,000
Total costs = $2,000,000
Fixed costs = $500,000
Increase in sales = $150,000
Variable Costs:
= Total costs – Fixed costs
= 2,000,000 – 500,000
= 1,500,000
Variable Cost per Unit of Sales:
= Variable Costs / Total Revenue
= 2,000,000 / 4,000,000
= 0.375
= 37.5%
Additional Variable Costs Incurred:
= Variable Cost per Unit of Sales x Sales Increase
= 37.5% x 150,000
= $56,250
Operating Income:
= Increase in Sales – Additional Variable Costs
= 150,000 – 56,250
= 93,750
Question 2)
Premier Printing produces custom labels and stationary for companies. In conducting CVP analysis of its Personalized Package, management decided to determine how many of the
packages would need to be sold in order to justify continuing the product line. Management determined that fixed costs direct related to this particular product amounted to $27,000 annually. Premier reported $120,000 of gross sales related to this product and variable product costs of $90,000.
Assuming that each Personalized Package sells for $12 per unit, what is the minimum number of Personalized Packages that Premier needs to sell to break even and therefore justify the product line?
Fixed costs = $27,000
Gross sales = $120,000
Variable costs = $90,000
Selling price per unit = $12
Variable Cost per Unit of Sales:
= Variable costs / Gross sales
= $90,000 / $120,000
= $0.75
Contribution Margin per Unit:
= Selling price per unit – Variable cost per unit of sale
= $12 – $0.75
= $11.25
Break-Even Point in Units:
= Fixed costs / Contribution Margin per Unit
= $27,000 / $11.25
= 2,400
Premier needs to sell approximately 2,400 personalized packages to break even and therefore justify the product line. This is the minimum number of units that need to be sold to cover the fixed costs. After selling these units, the company would start making a profit. Question 3)
Jaroni Inc. produces specialty quilts and blankets using a partly manual, partly automated manufacturing process. Total sales for the previous period were $60,000. Wages, materials, and variable manufacturing overhead totaled $10,200. Salaries, depreciation, rent, and other fixed expenses amounted to $14,940. Jaroni charges $500 per customized blanket.
What is Jaroni's break-even point in Sales Dollars?
Sales = $60,000
Total Variable Costs = $10,200
Contribution Margin:
= Sales - Total Variable Costs = $60,000 - $10,200
= $49,800
CM Ratio:
= (Contribution Margin / Sales) x 100
= ($49,800 / $60,000) x 100
= 0.83 x 100
= 83%
Fixed Costs = $14,940
Break-Even Point in Sales Dollars:
= Fixed Costs / CM Ratio
= $14,940 / 83%
= $18,000
Jaroni Inc. would need to make $18,000 in sales to cover all their fixed and variable costs and to start making a profit.
Question 4)
Rough N' Tough (RNT) manufactures outdoors accessories. Management is considering producing the poles for their tents rather than continuing to purchase from their current supplier. The supplier charges $60 per set of poles.
The cost accounting team has estimated that RNT would incur the following costs if they were to produce the poles instead: $40 per set for direct materials, $10 per set for direct labor, $7 per set for variable overhead, and $20 per set for fixed overhead application.
RNT currently has unused production capacity and manufacturing equipment that could be used to manufacture the poles. RNT has planned to sell 5,000 tents this year.
What would the change in overall cost be for the company if RNT produced the poles rather than purchasing them?
The cost of manufacturing a set of poles:
= direct materials cost + direct labor cost + variable overhead cost + fixed overhead application cost
= 40 + 10 + 7 + 20 = $77
The cost of buying a set of poles from supplier = $60
The total cost if the poles are purchased from the supplier would be:
= $60 * 5,000
= $300,000
The total cost if the poles are produced in house would be:
= $77 * 50 = $385,000
The change in overall cost if RNT produced the poles rather than purchasing them would be:
= $385,000 - $300,000 = $85,000
If RNT decides to produce the poles in-house instead of purchasing them from the
supplier, it would result in an increase in overall cost by $85,000. Question 5)
Scholar Suppliers manufactures backpacks for students. The backpacks come in two sizes: Small, and Large. Scholar Suppliers anticipates the following sales volumes and prices for the coming period:
Size
Sales Volume
Selling Price
Small
3,000 backpacks
$25 each
Large
6,000 backpacks
$75 each
What is the budgeted level of revenue for the coming period?
Total revenue of small backpacks:
= sales volume * selling price
= 3,000 * $25
= $75,000
Total revenue of large backpacks:
= sales volume * selling price
= 6,000 * $75
= $450,000
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Mc
Graw
Hill
Campbell Corporation makes and sells state-of-the-art electronics products. One of its segments produces The Math Machine, an
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and expenses associated with the segment's operating activities. The relevant range for the production and sale of the calculators is
between 35,000 and 68,000 units per year.
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Unit-level variable costs
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Labor cost (37,000 × $1.00)
Manufacturing overhead (37,000 × $0.70)
Shipping and handling (37,000 × $0.34)
Sales commissions (37,000 × $1.00)
Contribution margin
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Advertising costs
Salary of production supervisor
Allocated company-wide facility-level expenses
Net loss
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(37,000)
(25,900)
(12,580)
(37,000)
146, 520
Required
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- Last year Minden Company introduced a new product and sold 25,500 units of it at a price of $90 per unit. The product's variable expenses are $60 per unit and its fixed expenses are $831,300 per year. Required: 1. What was this product's net operating income (loss) last year? 2. What is the product's break-even point in unit sales and dollar sales? 3. Assume the company has conducted a marketing study that estimates it can increase annual sales of this product by 5,000 units for each $2 reduction in its selling price. If the company will only consider price reductions in increments of $2 (e.g., $68, $66, etc.), what is the maximum annual profit that it can earn on this product? What sales volume and selling price per unit generate the maximum profit? 4. What would be the break - even point in unit sales and in dollar sales using the selling price that you determined in requirement 3?arrow_forwardLast year Minden Company introduced a new product and sold 25,800 units of it at a price of $95 per unit. The product's variable expenses are $65 per unit and its fixed expenses are $830,400 per year. Required: 1. What was this product's net operating income (loss) last year? 2. What is the product's break-even point in unit sales and dollar sales? 3. Assume the company has conducted a marketing study that estimates it can increase annual sales of this product by 5,000 units for each $2 reduction in its selling price. If the company will only consider price reductions in increments of $2 (e.g., $68, $66, etc.), what is the maximum annual profit that it can earn on this product? What sales volume and selling price per unit generate the maximum profit? 4. What would be the break-even point in unit sales and in dollar sales using the selling price that you determined in requirement 3? Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Required 1 Required 2 Required 3…arrow_forwardLast year Minden Company introduced a new product and sold 25,700 units of it at a price of $100 per unit. The product's variable expenses are $70 per unit and its fixed expenses are $838,200 per year. Required: 1. What was this product's net operating income (loss) last year? 2. What is the product's break-even point in unit sales and dollar sales? 3. Assume the company has conducted a marketing study that estimates it can increase annual sales of this product by 5,000 units for each $2 reduction in its selling price. If the company will only consider price reductions in increments of $2 (e.g., $68, $66, etc.), what is the maximum annual profit that it can earn on this product? What sales volume and selling price per unit generate the maximum profit? 4. What would be the break-even point in unit sales and in dollar sales using the selling price that you determined in requirement 3? Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Required 1 Required 2 Required 3 What…arrow_forward
- Last year Minden Company introduced a new product and sold 25,800 units of it at a price of $95 per unit. The product's variable expenses are $65 per unit and its fixed expenses are $836,100 per year. Required: 1. What was this product's net operating income (loss) last year? 2. What is the product's break-even point in unit sales and dollar sales? 3. Assume the company has conducted a marketing study that estimates it can increase annual sales of this product by 5,000 units for each $2 reduction in its selling price. If the company will only consider price reductions in increments of $2 (e.g., $68, $66, etc.), what is the maximum annual profit that it can earn on this product? What sales volume and selling price per unit generate the maximum profit? 4. What would be the break-even point in unit sales and in dollar sales using the selling price that you determined in requirement 3? Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Required 1 Required 2 Required 3…arrow_forwardLast year Minden Company introduced a new product and sold 25,500 units of it at a price of $99 per unit. The product's variable expenses are $69 per unit and its fixed expenses are $836,400 per year. Required: 1. What was this product's net operating income (loss) last year? 2. What is the product's break-even point in unit sales and dollar sales? 3. Assume the company has conducted a marketing study that estimates it can increase annual sales of this product by 5,000 units for each $2 reduction in its selling price. If the company will only consider price reductions in increments of $2 (e.g., $68, $66, etc.), what is the maximum annual profit that it can earn on this product? What sales volume and selling price per unit generate the maximum profit? 4. What would be the break-even point in unit sales and in dollar sales using the selling price that you determined in requirement 3? subpart number 4arrow_forwardYour corporation sells a product for $10 per unit. The variable expenses are $6 per unit, and the fixed expenses total $35,000 per period. By how much will net operating income change if sales are expected to increase by $40,000?arrow_forward
- Last year Minden Company Introduced a new product and sold 25,100 units of It at a price of $95 per unit. The product's varlable expenses are $65 per unit and its fixed expenses are $835,500 per year. Required: 1. What was this product's net operating Income (loss) last year? 2 What is the product's break-even point in unit sales and dollar sales? 3. Assume the company has conducted a marketing study that estimates It can Increase annual sales of this product by 5.000 units for each $2 reduction In Its selling price. If the company will only consider price reductions in increments of $2 (e.g. $68. $6, etc.). what is the maximum annual profit that It can earn on this product? What sales volume and selling price per unit generate the maximum profit? 4. What would be the break-even polnt In unit sales and In dollar sales using the selling price that you determined In requirement 3? Complete this question by entering your answvers in the tabs below. Required 1 Required 2 Required 3…arrow_forwardConsider the following scenario: Green Caterpillar Garden Supplies Inc.’s income statement reports data for its first year of operation. The firm’s CEO would like sales to increase by 25% next year. 1. Green Caterpillar is able to achieve this level of increased sales, but its interest costs increase from 10% to 15% of earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT). 2. The company’s operating costs (excluding depreciation and amortization) remain at 60% of net sales, and its depreciation and amortization expenses remain constant from year to year. 3. The company’s tax rate remains constant at 25% of its pre-tax income or earnings before taxes (EBT). 4. In Year 2, Green Caterpillar expects to pay $100,000 and $1,759,500 of preferred and common stock dividends, respectively. A. Complete the Year 2 income statement data for Green Caterpillar, then answer the questions that follow. Be sure to round each dollar value to the nearest whole dollar. Green Caterpillar…arrow_forwardConsider the following scenario: Green Caterpillar Garden Supplies Inc.'s Income statement reports data for its first year of operation. The firm's CEO would like sales to increase by 25% next year. 1. Green Caterpillar is able to achieve this level of increased sales, but its interest costs increase from 10% to 15% of earnings before Interest and taxes (EBIT). 2. The company's operating costs (excluding depreciation and amortization) remain at 60% of net sales, and its depreciation and amortization expenses remain constant from year to year. 3. The company's tax rate remains constant at 25% of its pre-tax income or earnings before taxes (EBT). 4. In Year 2, Green Caterpillar expects to pay $100,000 and $1,759,500 of preferred and common stock dividends, respectively. Complete the Year 2 Income statement data for Green Caterpillar, then answer the questions that follow. Be sure to round each dollar value to the nearest whole dollar. Net sales Less: Operating costs, except depreciation…arrow_forward
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