Ten Lessons in Introductory Sociology2nd EditionKenneth A. Gould; Tammy L. Lewis Publisher: Oxford University Press Academic USISBN: 9780190663872
Ten Lessons in Introductory Sociology
Solutions for Ten Lessons in Introductory Sociology
Problem 1SE:
Simulation (Example 1) If we flip a coin 10 times, how often do we get 6 or more heads? A first step...Problem 2SE:
Simulation Suppose you are carrying out a randomized experiment to test whether loud music...Problem 3SE:
Empirical versus Theoretical A Monopoly player claims that the probability of getting a 4 when...Problem 4SE:
Empirical versus Theoretical A person was trying to figure out the probability of getting two heads...Problem 5SE:
Empirical vs. Theoretical A friend flips a coin 10 times and says that the probability of getting a...Problem 6SE:
Empirical vs. Theoretical A magician claims that he has a fair coin-“fair” because both sides, heads...Problem 7SE:
Criminal Court Judges Criminal cases are assigned to judges randomly. The list of the criminal...Problem 8SE:
Random Assignment of Professors A study randomly assigned students attending the Air Force Academy...Problem 9SE:
Which of the following numbers could not be probabilities, and why? a.5.63b.0.063c.0.063d.163e.1.63Problem 10SE:
Which of the following numbers could not be probabilities, and why? a.125b.0.74c.0.001d.5.61e.150Problem 11SE:
Cards (Example 2) There are four suits: clubs , diamonds , hearts , and spades , and the following...Problem 12SE:
Playing Cards Refer to exercise 5.11 for information about cards. If you draw one card randomly from...Problem 13SE:
Guessing on Tests a. On a true/false quiz in which you are guessing, what is the probability of...Problem 14SE:
Guessing on Tests Consider a multiple-choice test with a total of four possible options for each...Problem 15SE:
Four Children (Example 3) The sample space given here shows all possible sequences for a family with...Problem 16SE:
Three Coins The sample shows the possible sequences for flipping three fair coins or flipping one...Problem 17SE:
Birthdays What is the probability that a baby will be born on a Friday OR a Saturday OR a Sunday if...Problem 18SE:
Playing Cards If one card is selected from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards, what is the probability...Problem 19SE:
College Poll A StatCrunch poll asked people if college was worth the financial investment. They also...Problem 20SE:
College Poll Refer to the table given for Exercise 5.19. a. If a person is chosen randomly, what is...Problem 21SE:
College Pol: “AND” (Example4) Refer to the table given for Exercise 5.19. If a person is chosen...Problem 22SE:
College Poll: “AND” Refer to the table given for Exercise 5.9. If person is chosen randomly from the...Problem 23SE:
College Poll: “OR” (Example 5) Refer to the table given for Exercise 5.19. a. If a person is chosen...Problem 24SE:
College Poll: OR Refer to the table given for Exercise 5.19. a. If a person is chosen randomly from...Problem 25SE:
College Poll: "OR" (Example 6) Refer to the table given for Exercise 5.19. If a person is chosen...Problem 26SE:
College Poll: OR Refer to the table given for Exercise 5.19. If a person is chosen randomly from the...Problem 27SE:
College Poll: Mutually Exclusive (Example 7) Referring to the table given in Exercise 5.19. name a...Problem 28SE:
College Poll: Not Mutually Exclusive Refer to the table given in Exercise 5.19. Suppose we select...Problem 29SE:
Mutually Exclusive Suppose a person is selected at random from a large population. Label each pair...Problem 30SE:
Mutually Exclusive Suppose a person is selected at random from a large population. Label each pair...Problem 31SE:
"OR" for Homeowners In the United States, the percentage of adults who own their own home is about...Problem 32SE:
"OR" with Rain Suppose a weather forecaster says the probability that it will rain on Saturday is 60...Problem 33SE:
Fair Die (Example 8) Roll a fair six-sided die. a. What is the probability that the die shows an odd...Problem 34SE:
Roll a Die Roll a fair six-sided die. a. What is the probability that the die shows an odd number OR...Problem 35SE:
Grades Assume that the only grades possible in a history course are A, B, C, and lower than C. The...Problem 36SE:
Changing Multiple-Choice Answers One of the authors did a survey to determine the effect of students...Problem 37SE:
Voting Suppose that in an election, adults are classified as having voted, being registered to vote...Problem 38SE:
Ages The mothers of Mrs. Moss's first grade students are in their twenties, thirties, and forties....Problem 39SE:
"AND" and "OR" Consider these categories of people, assuming that we are talking about all the...Problem 40SE:
"AND" and "OR" Assume that we are talking about all students at your college. a. Which group is...Problem 41SE:
"AND" and "OR" Considering all the adults in the United States, which group is larger: people who...Problem 42SE:
"AND" and "OR" Considering all the students at your school, which group is larger: students who play...Problem 43SE:
Thumbtacks When a certain type of thumbtack is tossed, the probability that it lands tip up is...Problem 44SE:
Thumbtacks When a certain type of thumbtack is tossed, the probability that it lands tip up is...Problem 45SE:
Multiple-Choice Exam An exam consists of 12 multiple-choice questions. Each of the 12 answers is...Problem 46SE:
Driving Exam A driving exam consists of 30 multiple-choice questions. Each of the answers is either...Problem 47SE:
College poll Again: Is College Worth it (Example 9) A person is selected randomly from the men in...Problem 48SE:
College Poll A person is selected randomly from the entire group whose responses are summarized in...Problem 49SE:
College Poll (Example 10) Use the data given in Exercise 5.47. a. Find the probability that a...Problem 50SE:
College Poll Use the data given in Exercise 5.47. a. Find the probability that a randomly chosen...Problem 51SE:
Independent? Suppose a person is chosen at random. Use your understanding about the world of...Problem 52SE:
Independent? About 12#37; of men and 10#37; of women are left-handed. If we select a person at...Problem 53SE:
Independent? Suppose a person is chosen at random. Use your knowledge about the world to decide...Problem 54SE:
Independent? Ring sizes typically range from about 3 to about 14. Based on what you know about...Problem 55SE:
College Poll (Example 11) Refer to the table in Exercise 5.47. Suppose a person is randomly selected...Problem 56SE:
College Poll Assume a person is selected randomly from the group of people represented in the table...Problem 57SE:
Hand Folding (Example 13) When people fold their hands together with interlocking fingers, most...Problem 58SE:
Dice When two dice are rolled, is the event “the first die shows a 1 on top” independent of the...Problem 59SE:
Happiness and Tradition Views (Example 13) In the 2012 General Social Survey (GSS), people were...Problem 60SE:
Happiness Using the table in Exercise 5.59, determine whether being unhappy is independent of...Problem 61SE:
Coin (Example 15) Imagine flipping three fair coins. a. What is the theoretical probability that all...Problem 62SE:
Die Imagine rolling a fair six-sided die three times. a. What is the theoretical probability that...Problem 63SE:
Die Sequences (Example 16) Roll a fair six-sided die five times, and record the number of spots on...Problem 64SE:
Babies Assume that babies born are equally likely to be boys (B) or girls (G). Assume a woman has...Problem 65SE:
Recidivism (Example 16) Florida's recidivism rate is 33. This means that about 33 of released...Problem 66SE:
Seat Belt Use Scat belt use in Michigan in 2012 is estimated at 95, which means 95 of people use...Problem 67SE:
Cervical Cancer (Example 18) According to a study published in Scientific American, about 8 women in...Problem 68SE:
Cervical Cancer About 8 women in 100,000 have cervical cancer C, so PC=0.00008 and P(no C) =0.99992....Problem 69SE:
Simulating Coin Flips (Example 18) a. Simulate flipping a coin 20 times. Use the line of random...Problem 70SE:
Simulation a. Explain how you could use digits from a random number table to simulate rolling a fair...Problem 71SE:
Law of Large Numbers Refer to Histograms A, B, and C, which show the relative frequencies from...Problem 72SE:
Law of Large Numbers The table shows the results of rolling a fair six-sided die. Using the table,...Problem 73SE:
Coin Flips Imagine flipping a fair coin many times. Explain what should happen to the proportion of...Problem 74SE:
Coin Flips, Again Refer to the following figure. a. After a large number of flips, the overall...Problem 75SE:
Law of Large Numbers: Gambling Betty and Jane are gambling. They are cutting cards (picking a random...Problem 76SE:
LLN: Grandchildren Consider two pairs of grandparents. The first pair has 4 grandchildren, and the...Problem 77SE:
LLN: Coin If you flip a fair coin repeatedly and the first four results are tails, are you more...Problem 78SE:
LLN: Die The graph shows the average when a six-sided die is rolled repeatedly. For example, if the...Problem 79SE:
Jury Duty A jury is supposed to represent the population. We wish to perform a simulation to...Problem 80SE:
Left-handed Some estimates say that 10#37; of the population is left-handed. We wish to design a...Problem 81SE:
Simulation: Four-Sided Die a. Explain how you could use a random number table (or the random numbers...Problem 82SE:
Simulation: Six-Sided Die a. Explain how you could use a random number table to simulate rolling a...Problem 83CRE:
Capitalism According to a Pew poll conducted in 2012, 228 out of Republican viewed “Capitalism” as...Problem 84CRE:
Socialism According to Pew poll conducted in 2012, 235 out of 489 Democrats viewed “Socialism” as...Problem 85CRE:
Independent Variables Use your general knowledge to label the following pairs of variables as...Problem 86CRE:
Independent Variables Use your general knowledge to label the following pairs of variables as...Problem 87CRE:
Death Penalty According to a Gallup poll conducted in 2013, 67 of men support the death penalty in...Problem 88CRE:
Gay and Lesbian Relationships According to a Gallup conducted poll in 2012, 64 of men and 66 of...Problem 89CRE:
Internet Access A 2013 Pew poll said that 93 of young adults in the United States have Internet...Problem 90CRE:
SAT ores The probability of a randomly selected person having a grade of 500 or above on the...Problem 91CRE:
Birthdays Suppose all the days of the week are equally likely as birthdays. Alicia and David are two...Problem 92CRE:
Pass Rate of Written Driver’s Exam In California, about 92#37; of teens who take the written...Problem 93CRE:
Rich Happier 2012 A Gallup poll asked, "Do you think that rich people in America today are happier...Problem 94CRE:
Rich Happier 1990 A Gallup poll asked, "Do you think that rich people in America today are happier...Problem 95CRE:
Likely to Become Rich? A Gallup poll conducted in 2012 asked people who were not rich whether they...Problem 96CRE:
Benefits from Rich A Gallup poll conducted in 2012 asked people, "Do you think the United States...Problem 97CRE:
Virginia Juveniles In Virginia, in 2010, re-arrests occurred within one year for 46 of juveniles...Problem 98CRE:
California Recidivism In California, the recidivism rate for prisoners is 67.5. That is 67.5 of...Problem 99CRE:
California Recidivism and Gender Women return to prison at a lower rate than men do (58.0#37; for...Problem 100CRE:
Blue Eyes About 17#37; of American men have blue eyes and 17#37; of American women have blue eyes....Problem 101CRE:
Construct a two-way table with 60 women and 80 men in which both groups show equal percentage of...Problem 102CRE:
Construct a two-way table with 60 women and 80 men in which there is a higher percentage of...Problem 103CRE:
Law of Large Numbers A famous study by Amos Tversky and Nobel laureate Daniel Kahneman asked people...Problem 104CRE:
Law of Large Numbers A certain professional basket-ball player typically makes 80#37; of his basket...Problem 105CRE:
Simulating Guessing on a Multiple-Choice Test Suppose a student takes a 10-question multiple-choice...Problem 106CRE:
Simulating Guessing on a True/False Test Perform a simulation of a student guessing on a true/false...Problem 107CRE:
Red Light/Green Light A busy street has three traffic lights in a row. These lights are not...Problem 108CRE:
Soda A soda-bottling plant has a flaw in that 20#37; of the bottles it fills do not have enough soda...Problem 109CRE:
GSS: Political Party The General Social Survey (GSS) is a survey done nearly every year at the...Problem 110CRE:
GSS: Political Party Refer to the table given in Exercise 5.109. a. If one person is chosen randomly...Problem 111CRE:
GSS: AND Refer to the table given in Exercise 5.109. Suppose we select a person at random from this...Problem 112CRE:
GSS: AND Refer to the table given in Exercise 5.109. Suppose we select a person at random from this...Problem 113CRE:
GSS: OR Select someone at random from the 1858 people in the table given in Exercise 5.109. What is...Problem 114CRE:
GSS: OR Select someone at random from the 1858 people in the table given in Exercise 5.109. What is...Problem 115CRE:
GSS: OR Assume one person is chosen randomly from the 1858 people in the table given in Exercise...Problem 116CRE:
GSS: OR Assume that one person is chosen randomly from the table given in Exercise 5.109. What is...Problem 117CRE:
GSS: Mutually Exclusive Referring to the table given in Exercise 5.109, name a pair of mutually...Problem 118CRE:
GSS: Mutually Exclusive Referring to the table given in Exercise 5.109, name a pair of events that...Problem 119CRE:
Political Party, Again A person is selected randomly from the sample summarized in the for Exercise...Problem 120CRE:
Political Party Use the table in Exercise 5.109. A person is selected randomly from the sample...Problem 121CRE:
Political Party, Again Refer to the table for Exercise 5.109. a. Find the probability that a...Problem 122CRE:
Party, Again Refer to the table for Exercise 5.109. a. Find the probability that a randomly chosen...Problem 123CRE:
Coin Flips Let H stand for heads and let T stand for tails in an experiment where a fair coin is...Problem 124CRE:
Cubes A hat contains a number of cubes: 15 red, 10 white, 5 blue, and 20 black. One cube is chosen...Problem 125CRE:
Mutually Exclusive Suppose a person is selected at random. Label each pair of events as mutually...Problem 126CRE:
Mutually Exclusive Suppose a person is selected at random. Label each pair of events as mutually...Problem 127CRE:
“OR” The Humane society of the United States reported that 39 of households owned one or more dogs...Problem 128CRE:
“OR” Suppose you discovered that on your college campus, 4 of the female students were married and 4...Problem 129CRE:
UFOs When two people meet, they are sometimes surprised that they have similar beliefs. A survey of...Problem 130CRE:
Seat Belt Use In 2009, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration said that 84 of drivers...Problem 131CRE:
Independent Imagine rolling a red die and a blue die. From this trial, name a pair of independent...Problem 132CRE:
Mutually Exclusive Imagine rolling a red die and a blue die. From this trial, name a pair of...Browse All Chapters of This Textbook
Chapter 1 - Introduction To DataChapter 2 - Picturing Variation With GraphsChapter 3 - Numerical Summaries Of Center And VariationChapter 4 - Regression Analysis: Exploring Associations Between VariablesChapter 5 - Modeling Variation With ProbabilityChapter 6 - Modeling Random Events: The Normal And Binomial ModelsChapter 7 - Survey Sampling And InferenceChapter 8 - Hypothesis Testing For Population ProportionsChapter 9 - Inferring Population MeansChapter 10 - Associations Between Categorical Variables
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