Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047799
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter CHST3, Problem 1DQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The comparison between the synthetic DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) and the natural DNA, to avoid the implications on the innocent person in any kind of crime scene.
Introduction:
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1) A forensic scientist is required to collect blood samples from the crime scene and
analyze it to help the investigators understand who participated to the murder.
i) As a first step, the scientist needs to extract DNA. Indicate why red blood cells are not a
good target for the analysis, and list at least two chemicals/compounds that are required to
extract the DNA, explaining why they are used.
ii) The sample has been collected in a small amount, so that (s)he decides to use PCR to
analyze it. Describe why PCR is better suited to address small samples with respect to
Southern blotting and how is selectivity addressed with this technique.
You are a forensic scientist in charge of DNA samples in a case where a man was murdered. You conduct gel electrophoresis on the samples to determine the DNA profile of the samples. The rows of bands have been marked to make it easier to reference the bands. The sample marked 'evidence' came from under the victim's fingernails, likely indicating a struggle. There are two suspects in the case, both of whom are brothers, they are marked suspect 1 and suspect 2, for brother 1 and brother 2, respectfully. Does the evidence collected match the DNA profiles of either brother? If yes, which one? If no, then would it be likely that the actual criminal is a family member of the brothers? If yes, what could the relation be (mom, dad, cousin, aunt, or uncle)?
Note: there is a sister in their family, their parents are both still alive, and they have a robust extended family. The brothers are not twins.
In a crime lab, what precautions should be taken to make sure the DNA wasn't contaminated?
Chapter CHST3 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics (9th Edition) - Standalone book
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What does a guy need to do (e.g. how different does his DNA profile need to be?) to be excluded as a possible contributor to a DNA profile from an evidence sample?arrow_forwardWhy can a DNA sample not be a reliable source of evidence?arrow_forwardWhat is DNA phenotyping, and how do law enforcement agencies use this profiling method?arrow_forward
- To pinpoint a Criminal, Forensic Department uses the technique called? A) DNA Editing B) DNA Splicing C) DNA Fingerprinting D) DNA Amplificationarrow_forwardTHe DNA profiles of five people potentially involved in a robbery are shown in DNA Profile #2. The profile on the left side was obtained from DNA belongíng the robber. The four other profiles were obtained from the suspects. Which of the potential suspects is most likely the robber?arrow_forwardFor what purpose is DNA fingerprinting used A) to sequence DNA from bacteria B) to separate DNA fragments C) to identify individuals who have committed crimes D) to identify single nucleotide polymerasearrow_forward
- Suppose you are arrested for a serious crime and a DNA profile is created and entered into databases. Later, you are proven innocent. Should you have the right to have your DNA profile removed from all databases?arrow_forwardCan you please check my answer and make sure it is correct. Question: How can DNA evidence be used to convict or exonerate a defendant? Why is DNA evidence so powerful? Answer: DNA evidence can be used to perform DNA profiling to determine the genotype of the specific DNA sample. With just a small amount of DNA, PCR can produce billions of copies of that specific segment. The segments that are used are from non-coding regions that contain STR’s or short tandem repeats. These very short DNA sequences are repeated and are specific to individuals because we inherit them from our mother and father. Gel electrophoresis separates the PCR products based on their size and each band is compared to the allele ladder. This process helps to identify the alleles present in the original samples. DNA profiling is performed at many loci to be able to tell the genetic difference between different individuals with a lot of certainty. The DNA from the different suspects is compared to the allele…arrow_forwardQ7 is based on the DNA fingerprint below presented to jurors in a murder trial. Lane 1 represents DNA taken from the murdered victim. Lane 2 through 5 are DNA samples taken from suspects in the crime. Lane 6 is from a bloodstain found near the victim. Q7: Present a brief argument of what can be learned from the DNA evidence presented in the gel above. Hints: a) Which, if any, of the suspects is connected to the crime scene? b) What else is interesting about the DNA fingerprints of two of the other suspects?arrow_forward
- Brenda is a junior student in the biomedical program at her school. She is starting the PCR genetic testing lab activity. She is about to obtain her DNA sample but doesn’t want like the taste of NaCl solution. Her friend, Mark, let her use some of his DNA. What laboratory tule did the students break? A. Obtaining and handling DNA sample without wearing googles or gloves B. Improper use of human DNA samples C. Violating Patient Confidentiality D. Disposing of bio hazardous material in a regular trasharrow_forward1) Make up a crime scene scenario (or find a real one) in which DNA from a nonhuman provided critical evidence.arrow_forwardRefer to the DNA profiles comparing the DNA obtained from the three suspects with the crime-scene DNA. Use a ruler to align the bands found under the crime-scene DNA with any of the bands found in the suspects’ DNA. Place the ruler at the bottom of the bands. Take notes on whether any of the suspects’ DNA shares the same bands as the crime-scene DNA. Analyze your notes on each suspect’s DNA profile. Do any suspects share all the DNA bands found in the evidence DNA?arrow_forward
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