(a) Interpretation: The E or Z configuration for the given double bond is to be determined. Concept introduction: When assigning priorities to substituents, the atom having the greater atomic number has a higher priority. In the case of comparison between isotopes, the one having the greater atomic mass gets the higher priority. If the substituents are attached by the same atom, then the set of atoms one bond away from the point of attachment is compared. In each set, the highest priority atoms are compared. If the sets of atoms one bond away from the point of attachment are identical, then the sets of atoms one additional bond away from the point of attachment are compared. If the higher priority groups attached to the double bonded carbon atoms are on the same side of the double bond, the alkene is assigned Z configuration. If the higher priority groups attached to the double bonded carbon atoms are on the opposite side of the double bond, the alkene is assigned E configuration. When more than one double bond is present, each is assigned E or Z configuration, and the location of each double bond appears immediately before the E or Z designation.

Question

#1. Retro-Electrochemical Reaction: A ring has been made, but the light is causing the molecule to un- cyclize. Undo the ring into all possible molecules. (2pts, no partial credit) hv

Answer 1

Question

Chapter C, Problem C.25P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The E or Z configuration for the given double bond is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

When assigning priorities to substituents, the atom having the greater atomic number has a higher priority. In the case of comparison between isotopes, the one having the greater atomic mass gets the higher priority. If the substituents are attached by the same atom, then the set of atoms one bond away from the point of attachment is compared. In each set, the highest priority atoms are compared. If the sets of atoms one bond away from the point of attachment are identical, then the sets of atoms one additional bond away from the point of attachment are compared. If the higher priority groups attached to the double bonded carbon atoms are on the same side of the double bond, the alkene is assigned Z configuration. If the higher priority groups attached to the double bonded carbon atoms are on the opposite side of the double bond, the alkene is assigned E configuration. When more than one double bond is present, each is assigned E or Z configuration, and the location of each double bond appears immediately before the E or Z designation.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The E or Z configuration for the given double bond is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

When assigning priorities to substituents, the atom having the greater atomic number has a higher priority. In the case of comparison between isotopes, the one having the greater atomic mass gets the higher priority. If the substituents are attached by the same atom, then the set of atoms one bond away from the point of attachment is compared. In each set, the highest priority atoms are compared. If the sets of atoms one bond away from the point of attachment are identical, then the sets of atoms one additional bond away from the point of attachment are compared. If the higher priority groups attached to the double bonded carbon atoms are on the same side of the double bond, the alkene is assigned Z configuration. If the higher priority groups attached to the double bonded carbon atoms are on the opposite side of the double bond, the alkene is assigned E configuration. When more than one double bond is present, each is assigned E or Z configuration, and the location of each double bond appears immediately before the E or Z designation.

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#1. Retro-Electrochemical Reaction: A ring has been made, but the light is causing the molecule to un- cyclize. Undo the ring into all possible molecules. (2pts, no partial credit) hv

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I have a question about this problem involving mechanisms and drawing curved arrows for acids and bases. I know we need to identify the nucleophile and electrophile, but are there different types of reactions? For instance, what about Grignard reagents and other types that I might not be familiar with? Can you help me with this? I want to identify the names of the mechanisms for problems 1-14, such as Gilman reagents and others. Are they all the same? Also, could you rewrite it so I can better understand? The handwriting is pretty cluttered. Additionally, I need to label the nucleophile and electrophile, but my main concern is whether those reactions differ, like the "Brønsted-Lowry acid-base mechanism, Lewis acid-base mechanism, acid-catalyzed mechanisms, acid-catalyzed reactions, base-catalyzed reactions, nucleophilic substitution mechanisms (SN1 and SN2), elimination reactions (E1 and E2), organometallic mechanisms, and so forth."