Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 6th Edition
6th Edition
ISBN: 9788131525579
Author: Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher: Cenage Learning
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Question
Chapter A1, Problem A1.23QAP
Interpretation Introduction
(a)
Interpretation:
The calibration of calcium ion selective electrode is used for the determination of pCa and the table for this data is shown below-
| 5.00 | -53.8 |
| 4.00 | -27.7 |
| 3.00 | +2.7 |
| 2.00 | +31.9 |
| 1.00 | +65.1 |
The relation between potential and the and the pCa is linear. Using the data, a least square straight line is to be plotted using the spreadsheet.
Concept introduction:
The least square method is a method in which the best result is obtained for the set data point by minimizing the sum of offset or residuals from the plot of curve statistically.
Interpretation Introduction
(b)
Interpretation:
The least square expression is to be determined for the best straight line through the point.
Concept introduction:
The least square method is a method in which the best result is obtained for the set data point by minimizing the sum of offset or residuals from the plot of curve statistically.
Interpretation Introduction
(c)
Interpretation:
The standard deviation is to be determined for the slope and the intercept of the least-square line.
Concept introduction:
The slope of line is also called as gradient of line which is used to define the direction and steepness of the line.
The intercept line is the y −axis of line at which point it crosses X −axis.
Interpretation Introduction
(d)
Interpretation:
The value pCa of serum solution is to be determined in which the electrode potential value is 10.7mV. The absolute and relative standard deviation for pCa is to be determined when obtained result is from the single voltage measurement.
Concept introduction:
The standard deviation method is used for the quantification of the amount of variation or for the dispersion for the set of the data values.
Interpretation Introduction
(e)
Interpretation:
The absolute and relative standard deviation for pCa is to be determined when the result obtained from the part (d) in millimeters is the mean value of two replicate measurements and this calculation is to be repeated for the eight measurements.
Concept introduction:
The standard deviation method is used for the quantification of the amount of variation or for the dispersion for the set of the data values.
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Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition
Consider the following equilibrium:
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) = 2NH3 (g) AG⁰ = -34. KJ
Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 8.06 atm of nitrogen (N2) and 2.58 atm of ammonia (NH3) at 106. °C. Answer the following questions about this
system:
?
rise
Under these conditions, will the pressure of N2 tend to rise or fall?
☐ x10
fall
Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding H₂?
In other words, if you said the pressure of N2 will tend to rise, can that be
changed to a tendency to fall by adding H₂? Similarly, if you said the
pressure of N2 will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise
by adding H₂?
If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate
the minimum pressure of H₂ needed to reverse it.
Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
yes
no
☐
atm
☑
5
00.
18
Ar
Chapter A1 Solutions
Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 6th Edition
Ch. A1 - Prob. A1.1QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.2QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.3QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.4QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.5QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.6QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.7QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.8QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.9QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.10QAP
Ch. A1 - Prob. A1.11QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.12QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.13QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.14QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.15QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.16QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.17QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.18QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.19QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.20QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.21QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.22QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.23QAPCh. A1 - Prob. A1.24QAP
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