a) Interpretation: The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of phenylacetylene is to be drawn. Concept introduction: In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg 2+ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate. To draw: The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of ethynylbenzene.

Question

Use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to calculate pH of a buffer containing 0.050M benzoic acidand 0.150M sodium benzoate. The Ka of benzoic acid is 6.5 x 10-5

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 9.SE, Problem 20MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of phenylacetylene is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of ethynylbenzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of propyne is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of propyne.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-1-butyne is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-1-butyne.

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Use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to calculate pH of a buffer containing 0.050M benzoic acidand 0.150M sodium benzoate. The Ka of benzoic acid is 6.5 x 10-5

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What is the pH of a 1.0 L buffer made with 0.300 mol of HF (Ka = 6.8 × 10⁻⁴) and 0.200 mol of NaF to which 0.160 mol of NaOH were added?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 9.SE, Problem 20MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of phenylacetylene is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of ethynylbenzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of propyne is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of propyne.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-1-butyne is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-1-butyne.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 9.SE, Problem 20MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of phenylacetylene is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of ethynylbenzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of propyne is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of propyne.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-1-butyne is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-1-butyne.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 9.SE, Problem 20MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of phenylacetylene is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of ethynylbenzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of propyne is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of propyne.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-1-butyne is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-1-butyne.

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Answer 5

Chapter 9.SE, Problem 20MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of phenylacetylene is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of ethynylbenzene.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of propyne is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of propyne.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-1-butyne is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-1-butyne.

Answer 6

Chapter 9.SE, Problem 20MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of phenylacetylene is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of ethynylbenzene.

Answer 7

Chapter 9.SE, Problem 20MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of phenylacetylene is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of ethynylbenzene.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of propyne is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of propyne.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of propyne is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of propyne.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-1-butyne is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-1-butyne.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-1-butyne is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the first step attack of the Ï€ electrons of the triple bond on the electrophilic Hg²⁺ ion takes place to yield a mercury containing vinylic carbocation intermediate. In the second step nucleophilic attack of water takes place on the carbocation. A new C-O bond is formed leading to the formation of a protonated mercury containing enol. In the third step water abstracts a proton from the protonated enol to yield the organomercury intermediate.

To draw:

The electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of 3-methyl-1-butyne.

Answer 12

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Answer 23

Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 2P Ch. 9.3 - What products would you expect from the following...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 4P Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 5P Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 6P Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 7P Ch. 9.5 - Using any alkyne needed, how would you prepare the...Ch. 9.7 - The pKa of acetone, CH3COCH3, is 19.3. Which of...Ch. 9.8 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains the electron pushing mechanism for the formation of the organo-mercury intermediate obtained during the mercury catalyzed hydration of phenylacetylene.

Chapter 9 Solutions