Statistics: The Art and Science of Learning from Data (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780321997838
Author: Alan Agresti, Christine A. Franklin, Bernhard Klingenberg
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9.4, Problem 50PB
a.
To determine
Explain the reason for the type-I error being false positive.
b.
To determine
Explain the reason for the type II error being false negative.
c.
To determine
State the disadvantage of the experiment.
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If a treatment has a very small effect, what is a likely outcome for a hypothesis test evaluating the treatment?
a. A Type I error
b. A Type II error
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Identify the type I error and the type II error that correspond to the given hypothesis.
The percentage of households with more than 1 pet is greater than 65%.
Identify the type I error.
Identify the type II error.
As a general guideline, the research hypothesis should be stated as the
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tentative hypothesis.
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alternative hypothesis.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Statistics: The Art and Science of Learning from Data (4th Edition)
Ch. 9.1 - H0 or Ha? For parts a and b, is the statement a...Ch. 9.1 - H0 or Ha? For each of the following, is the...Ch. 9.1 - Burden of proof For a new pesticide, should the...Ch. 9.1 - Financial aid The average financial aid package...Ch. 9.1 - Low-carbohydrate diet A study plans to have a...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 6PBCh. 9.1 - Proper hypotheses? Explain what is wrong with each...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 8PBCh. 9.1 - P-value Indicate whether each of the following...Ch. 9.2 - Psychic A person who claims to be psychic says he...
Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 11PBCh. 9.2 - Get P-value from z For a test of H0: p = 0.50, the...Ch. 9.2 - Get more P-values from z Refer to the previous...Ch. 9.2 - Find test statistic and P-value For a test of H0:...Ch. 9.2 - Dogs and cancer A recent study4 considered whether...Ch. 9.2 - Religion important in your life? Americans ages 18...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 17PBCh. 9.2 - Prob. 18PBCh. 9.2 - Testing a headache remedy Studies that compare...Ch. 9.2 - Gender bias in selecting managers For a large...Ch. 9.2 - Gender discrimination Refer to the 95% confidence...Ch. 9.2 - Garlic to repel ticks A study (J. Amer. Med....Ch. 9.2 - Exit-poll predictions According to an exit poll of...Ch. 9.2 - Which cola? The 49 students in a class at the...Ch. 9.2 - How to sell a burger A fast-food chain wants to...Ch. 9.2 - A binomial headache A null hypothesis states that...Ch. 9.2 - P-value for small samples Example 4, on whether...Ch. 9.3 - Which t has P-value = 0.05? A t test for a mean...Ch. 9.3 - Practice mechanics of a t test A study has a...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 30PBCh. 9.3 - Low carbohydrate diet In a recent study,8 272...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 32PBCh. 9.3 - Facebook friends Many students brag that they have...Ch. 9.3 - Lake pollution An industrial plant claims to...Ch. 9.3 - Weight change for controls A disadvantage of the...Ch. 9.3 - Crossover study A crossover study of 13 children...Ch. 9.3 - Too little or too much wine? Wine-pouring vending...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 38PBCh. 9.3 - Assumptions important? Refer to the previous...Ch. 9.3 - Anorexia in teenage girls Example 8 described a...Ch. 9.3 - Sensitivity study Ideally, results of a...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 42PBCh. 9.4 - Dr. Dog In the experiment in Example 4, we got a...Ch. 9.4 - Error probability A significance test about a...Ch. 9.4 - Fracking errors Example 6, in testing H0: p = 0.5...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 46PBCh. 9.4 - Anorexia decision Refer to the previous exercise....Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 48PBCh. 9.4 - Errors in medicine Consider the test of H0: The...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 50PBCh. 9.4 - Detecting prostate cancer Refer to the previous...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 52PBCh. 9.5 - Misleading summaries? Two researchers conduct...Ch. 9.5 - Practical significance A study considers whether...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 55PBCh. 9.5 - Fishing for significance A marketing study...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 57PBCh. 9.5 - Prob. 58PBCh. 9.5 - Interpret medical research studies a. An...Ch. 9.6 - Find P(Type II error) A study is designed to test...Ch. 9.6 - Gender bias in selecting managers Exercise 9.20...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 62PBCh. 9.6 - P(Type II error) large when p close to H0 For...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 64PBCh. 9.6 - Power for infertility trial Consider Example 13...Ch. 9.6 - Exploring Type II errors Refer to the web app from...Ch. 9 - H0 or Ha? For each of the following hypotheses,...Ch. 9 - Write H0 and Ha For each of the following...Ch. 9 - Prob. 69CPCh. 9 - Free-throw accuracy Consider all cases in which a...Ch. 9 - Brown or Whitman? Californias governor election in...Ch. 9 - Prob. 72CPCh. 9 - Prob. 73CPCh. 9 - Prob. 74CPCh. 9 - Prob. 75CPCh. 9 - Start a hockey team A fraternity at a university...Ch. 9 - Prob. 77CPCh. 9 - Prob. 78CPCh. 9 - Prob. 79CPCh. 9 - Prob. 80CPCh. 9 - Prob. 81CPCh. 9 - Two ideal children? Is the ideal number of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 83CPCh. 9 - Prob. 84CPCh. 9 - Blood pressure When Vincenzo Baranellos blood...Ch. 9 - Increasing blood pressure In the previous...Ch. 9 - Tennis balls in control? When it is operating...Ch. 9 - Prob. 88CPCh. 9 - Prob. 89CPCh. 9 - CI and test Refer to the previous exercise. a. For...Ch. 9 - Prob. 91CPCh. 9 - Religious beliefs statistically significant? A...Ch. 9 - Prob. 93CPCh. 9 - Prob. 94CPCh. 9 - Prob. 95CPCh. 9 - Prob. 96CPCh. 9 - Prob. 98CPCh. 9 - Baseball home team advantage In Major League...Ch. 9 - Prob. 100CPCh. 9 - Prob. 101CPCh. 9 - Prob. 102CPCh. 9 - Prob. 103CPCh. 9 - Prob. 104CPCh. 9 - Prob. 105CPCh. 9 - Prob. 106CPCh. 9 - Prob. 107CPCh. 9 - Prob. 108CPCh. 9 - Significance Explain the difference between...Ch. 9 - More doctors recommend An advertisement by Company...Ch. 9 - Prob. 111CPCh. 9 - Bad P-value interpretations A random sample of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 113CPCh. 9 - Prob. 114CPCh. 9 - Prob. 115CPCh. 9 - Prob. 116CPCh. 9 - Prob. 117CPCh. 9 - Prob. 118CPCh. 9 - Prob. 119CPCh. 9 - Prob. 120CPCh. 9 - Prob. 121CPCh. 9 - True or false A 95% confidence interval for =...Ch. 9 - Prob. 123CPCh. 9 - Prob. 124CPCh. 9 - Prob. 125CPCh. 9 - Prob. 126CPCh. 9 - Prob. 127CPCh. 9 - Prob. 128CP
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- What is meant by the sample space of an experiment?arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between events and outcomes? Give an example of both using the sample space of tossing a coin 50 times.arrow_forwardFailing to reject an invalid null hypothesis (continuing to incorrectly assume a null is valid) is called: the beta-risk. the level of confidence. the level of significance. the power of the test. the alpha-risk.arrow_forward
- An article claims that 70% of adults over 50 take vitamin supplements. To test this claim, you take a sample and do your math. Based on your results, you end up rejecting the claim. Later it turns out that the claim was in fact correct. What type of error did you make, if any? No error was made. A type II error A type I errorarrow_forwardRead this passage carefully, once you have generated a hypothesis, list what the null hypothesis would be, and identify the dependent and independent variables.arrow_forwardStay safe and healthy. Exercise: Apply the procedure in testing the hypothesis. A survey was conducted at a community college of 102 randomly selected students who dropped a course in the current semester to learn why students drop courses. Personal drop reasons include financial, transportation, family issues, health issues, and lack of child care. Course drop reasons include reducing ones load, being unprepared for the course, the course was not what was expected, dissatisfaction with teaching, and not getting the desired grade. Work drop reasons include an increase in hours, a change in shift, and obtaining full-time employment. Test whether gender is independent of drop reason at the 1% level of significance. Use "Data_Example and Exercises file". SLIDESMANIA.COM Dec 8, 2021 (Edited Dec 8, 2021) Result ACTUAL/OBSERVED Count of Drop Reason Column Labels - Career Row Labels Course Institution Personal Work Grand Total Female 10 12 18 6 11 57 Male 11 9 6 12 46 Grand Total 21 21 26 12…arrow_forward
- Identify whether the given hypothesis is null or alternative. If it is an alternative hypothesis, identify if it is a directional (one tailed) or non-directional (two tailed) test. The training group scores will not be different from the control group scores. 000 Alternative Hypothesis, non-directional Alternative Hypothesis, directional Null Hypothesisarrow_forwardTen individuals went on a low-fat diet for 12 weeks to lower their cholesterol. The data are recorded in the table below. Do you think that their cholesterol levels were significantly lowered? Conduct a hypothesis test at the 5% level. Starting cholesterol level Ending cholesterol level 140 140 200 230 110 130 240 220 200 190 180 150 190 200 360 300 280 300 260 240 a. State the null hypothesis. b What is the test statistic?arrow_forwardUsing the accompanying data of restaurant sales, determine if the vanance of weekday sales is the same as that of weekend sales for each of the three variables (lunch, dinner, and delivery). Click the icon to view the restaurant sales data. Is there sufficient evidence at the 0.01 level of significance to condude that the vanance of weekday sales is the same as that of weekend sales for lunch sales? Determine the null hypothesis, H. and the alternative hypothesis. H₁. Let weekend sales be population 1 and weekday sales be population 2. H₂ Hi 11 (Type integers or decimals. Do not round.) Compute the test statistic (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Survey data Date Day Lunch Sales $ Dinner Sales $ Delivery Sales $ 4-Apr Wednesday 358 789 293 11-Apr Wednesday 386 665 299 18-Apr Wednesday 426 628 289 25-Apr Wednesday 331 729 253 3-Apr Tuesday 296 848 325 10-Apr Tuesday 308 572 328 17-Apr Tuesday 297 568 358 24-Apr Tuesday 229 529 402 5-Apr Thursday 402 808 273 12-Apr Thursday 420…arrow_forward
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