Statistics: The Art and Science of Learning from Data (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780321997838
Author: Alan Agresti, Christine A. Franklin, Bernhard Klingenberg
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 9.3, Problem 36PB
Crossover study A crossover study of 13 children suffering from asthma (Clinical and Experimental Allergy, vol. 20, pp. 429–432, 1990) compared single inhaled doses of formo-terol (F) and salbutamol (S). The outcome measured was the child’s peak expiratory flow (PEF) 8 hours following treatment. The data on PEF follow:
Let µ denote the population
- a. Form the 13 difference scores, for instance 310 − 270 = 40 for child 1 and 330 − 365 = −35 for child 9, always taking F − S. Construct a dot plot or a box plot. Describe the sample data distribution.
- b. Carry out the five steps of the significance test for a mean of the difference scores, using H0: µ = 0 and Ha: µ ≠ 0.
- c. Discuss whether the assumptions seem valid for this example. What is the impact of using a convenience sample?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Compute a 95% CI for the mean age.
Winter visitors are extremely important to the economy of Southwest Florida. Hotel occupancy is an often-
reported measure of visitor volume and visitor activity. Hotel occupancy data for February in two
consecutive years are as follows.
Current Year
Previous Year
Оссирied Rexms
1470
1458
Total Rooms
1750
1800
a.
Formulate the hypothesis test that can be used to determine if there has been an increase in the
proportion of rooms occupied over the one-year period.
b. What is the estimated proportion of hotel rooms occupied each year?
Using a 0.05 level of significance, what is your hypothesis test conclusion? What is the p-value?
C.
d. What is the 95% confidence interval estimate of the change in occupancy for the one-year period?
Compute a 95% CI for the mean white blood countfollowing admission.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Statistics: The Art and Science of Learning from Data (4th Edition)
Ch. 9.1 - H0 or Ha? For parts a and b, is the statement a...Ch. 9.1 - H0 or Ha? For each of the following, is the...Ch. 9.1 - Burden of proof For a new pesticide, should the...Ch. 9.1 - Financial aid The average financial aid package...Ch. 9.1 - Low-carbohydrate diet A study plans to have a...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 6PBCh. 9.1 - Proper hypotheses? Explain what is wrong with each...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 8PBCh. 9.1 - P-value Indicate whether each of the following...Ch. 9.2 - Psychic A person who claims to be psychic says he...
Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 11PBCh. 9.2 - Get P-value from z For a test of H0: p = 0.50, the...Ch. 9.2 - Get more P-values from z Refer to the previous...Ch. 9.2 - Find test statistic and P-value For a test of H0:...Ch. 9.2 - Dogs and cancer A recent study4 considered whether...Ch. 9.2 - Religion important in your life? Americans ages 18...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 17PBCh. 9.2 - Prob. 18PBCh. 9.2 - Testing a headache remedy Studies that compare...Ch. 9.2 - Gender bias in selecting managers For a large...Ch. 9.2 - Gender discrimination Refer to the 95% confidence...Ch. 9.2 - Garlic to repel ticks A study (J. Amer. Med....Ch. 9.2 - Exit-poll predictions According to an exit poll of...Ch. 9.2 - Which cola? The 49 students in a class at the...Ch. 9.2 - How to sell a burger A fast-food chain wants to...Ch. 9.2 - A binomial headache A null hypothesis states that...Ch. 9.2 - P-value for small samples Example 4, on whether...Ch. 9.3 - Which t has P-value = 0.05? A t test for a mean...Ch. 9.3 - Practice mechanics of a t test A study has a...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 30PBCh. 9.3 - Low carbohydrate diet In a recent study,8 272...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 32PBCh. 9.3 - Facebook friends Many students brag that they have...Ch. 9.3 - Lake pollution An industrial plant claims to...Ch. 9.3 - Weight change for controls A disadvantage of the...Ch. 9.3 - Crossover study A crossover study of 13 children...Ch. 9.3 - Too little or too much wine? Wine-pouring vending...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 38PBCh. 9.3 - Assumptions important? Refer to the previous...Ch. 9.3 - Anorexia in teenage girls Example 8 described a...Ch. 9.3 - Sensitivity study Ideally, results of a...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 42PBCh. 9.4 - Dr. Dog In the experiment in Example 4, we got a...Ch. 9.4 - Error probability A significance test about a...Ch. 9.4 - Fracking errors Example 6, in testing H0: p = 0.5...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 46PBCh. 9.4 - Anorexia decision Refer to the previous exercise....Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 48PBCh. 9.4 - Errors in medicine Consider the test of H0: The...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 50PBCh. 9.4 - Detecting prostate cancer Refer to the previous...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 52PBCh. 9.5 - Misleading summaries? Two researchers conduct...Ch. 9.5 - Practical significance A study considers whether...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 55PBCh. 9.5 - Fishing for significance A marketing study...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 57PBCh. 9.5 - Prob. 58PBCh. 9.5 - Interpret medical research studies a. An...Ch. 9.6 - Find P(Type II error) A study is designed to test...Ch. 9.6 - Gender bias in selecting managers Exercise 9.20...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 62PBCh. 9.6 - P(Type II error) large when p close to H0 For...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 64PBCh. 9.6 - Power for infertility trial Consider Example 13...Ch. 9.6 - Exploring Type II errors Refer to the web app from...Ch. 9 - H0 or Ha? For each of the following hypotheses,...Ch. 9 - Write H0 and Ha For each of the following...Ch. 9 - Prob. 69CPCh. 9 - Free-throw accuracy Consider all cases in which a...Ch. 9 - Brown or Whitman? Californias governor election in...Ch. 9 - Prob. 72CPCh. 9 - Prob. 73CPCh. 9 - Prob. 74CPCh. 9 - Prob. 75CPCh. 9 - Start a hockey team A fraternity at a university...Ch. 9 - Prob. 77CPCh. 9 - Prob. 78CPCh. 9 - Prob. 79CPCh. 9 - Prob. 80CPCh. 9 - Prob. 81CPCh. 9 - Two ideal children? Is the ideal number of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 83CPCh. 9 - Prob. 84CPCh. 9 - Blood pressure When Vincenzo Baranellos blood...Ch. 9 - Increasing blood pressure In the previous...Ch. 9 - Tennis balls in control? When it is operating...Ch. 9 - Prob. 88CPCh. 9 - Prob. 89CPCh. 9 - CI and test Refer to the previous exercise. a. For...Ch. 9 - Prob. 91CPCh. 9 - Religious beliefs statistically significant? A...Ch. 9 - Prob. 93CPCh. 9 - Prob. 94CPCh. 9 - Prob. 95CPCh. 9 - Prob. 96CPCh. 9 - Prob. 98CPCh. 9 - Baseball home team advantage In Major League...Ch. 9 - Prob. 100CPCh. 9 - Prob. 101CPCh. 9 - Prob. 102CPCh. 9 - Prob. 103CPCh. 9 - Prob. 104CPCh. 9 - Prob. 105CPCh. 9 - Prob. 106CPCh. 9 - Prob. 107CPCh. 9 - Prob. 108CPCh. 9 - Significance Explain the difference between...Ch. 9 - More doctors recommend An advertisement by Company...Ch. 9 - Prob. 111CPCh. 9 - Bad P-value interpretations A random sample of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 113CPCh. 9 - Prob. 114CPCh. 9 - Prob. 115CPCh. 9 - Prob. 116CPCh. 9 - Prob. 117CPCh. 9 - Prob. 118CPCh. 9 - Prob. 119CPCh. 9 - Prob. 120CPCh. 9 - Prob. 121CPCh. 9 - True or false A 95% confidence interval for =...Ch. 9 - Prob. 123CPCh. 9 - Prob. 124CPCh. 9 - Prob. 125CPCh. 9 - Prob. 126CPCh. 9 - Prob. 127CPCh. 9 - Prob. 128CP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- An epidemiologic survey of roller-skating injuries in Metroville, a city with a population of 100,000 (during the midpoint of the year), produced the following data for a particular year:The crude death rate for all causes was:arrow_forwardFive students provided data regarding the number of hours they spent on studying (TimeStudy) and their GPA. The data are as follows. Answer the following questions. TimeStudy GPA Student 1 2.00 3.50 Student 2 4.00 3.70 Student 3 5.00 3.30 Student 4 3.00 2.60 Student 5 4.00 3.40 Where SS(residual)=∑i(yi−yˆi)^2 is 0.6829 Calculate (by hand) the SStotal and SSmodel. What does mean by “goodness of fit”? What is the F-ratio for testing the “goodness of fit”? Is it statistically significant? Calculate this question by hand. What does tobs = 3.47 mean? What does tcrit = 3.47 mean? If the ƞ2 in an experiment is 0.6, give any possible value of ω2.arrow_forwardA sample of 10 diesel trucks were run both hot and cold to estimate the difference in fuel economy. The results, in mpg. are presented in the following table. (From "In-use Emissions from Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles," J. Yanowitz, Ph.D. thesis, Colorado School of Mines, 2001.) Truck Hot Cold 4.56 4.26 2 4.46 4.08 3 6.49 5.83 5.37 4.96 5 6.25 5.87 6 5.90 5.32 4.12 3.92 8 3.85 3.69 4.15 3.74 10 4.69 4.19 Find a 98% confidence interval for the difference in mean fuel mileage between hot and cold engines.arrow_forward
- Data consistent with summary quantities in the article "Effects of Fast-Food Consumption on Energy Intake and Diet Quality Among Children" on total calorie consumption on a particular day are given for a sample of children who did not eat fast food on that day and for a sample of children who did eat fast food on that day. Assume that it is reasonable to regard these samples as representative of the population of children in the United States. No Fast Food 2323 1910 1001 1722 1461 2045 2135 1973 1844 1769 1757 1819 1640 1498 2661 Fast Food 2543 1778 954 2348 2454 2287 2546 1215 910 1531 895 2227 1831 1270 2137 (a) Use the given information to estimate the mean calorie intake for children in the United States on a day when no fast food is consumed. (Give the answer to one decimal place.) 1788.4 1x 0 (b) Use the given information to estimate the mean calorie intake for children in the United States on a day when fast food consumed. (Give the answer to one decimal place.) x (c) Use the…arrow_forwardHoaglin, Mosteller, and Tukey (1983) presented data on blood levels of beta-endorphin as a function of stress. They took beta-endorphin levels for 19 patients 12 hours before surgery and again 10 minutes before surgery. The data are presented below, in fmol/ml Based on these data, what effect does increased stressed have on endorphin levels. What type of test is this? Participant 12 hours before 10 minutes before 1 10 6.5 2 6.5 14.0 3 8.0 13.5 4 12 18 5 5.0 14.5 6 11.5 9.0 7 5.0 18.0 8 3.5…arrow_forwardAre seatbelts effective at saving lives? We wish to examine whether or not the use of seatbelts reduces fatalities at the a = 0.01 level of significance. Let pN represent the proportion of non-seatbelt wearing passengers who were involved in a crash and died and py represent the proportion of seatbelt wearing passengers who were involved in a crash and died. NOTE: The data used in this study were obtained through observational study...no experiment was conducted! Which would be correct hypotheses for this test? O Ho:PN = pY, H1:PN > pY Ho: PN = pY, H,:PN Py In a random sample of 321 non-seatbelt wearing passengers involved in a car crash, 30 were killed. In a random sample of 492 seatbelt wearing passengers involved in a car crash, 13 were killed. Find the test statistic (2 decimal places): Give the P-value (4 decimal places - if less than 0.001 answer 0): Which is the correct result: Reject the Null Hypothesis O Do not Reject the Null Hypothesis Which would be the appropriate…arrow_forward
- Estriol Level and Birth Weight. J. Greene and J. Touchstone conducted a study on the relationship between the estriol levels of pregnant women and the birth weights of their children. Their findings, “Urinary Tract Estriol: An Index of Placental Function,” were published in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Vol. 85(1), pp. 1–9). The data from the study are provided on the WeissStats site, where estriol levels are in mg/24 hr and birth weights are in hectograms. a. Decide whether finding a regression line for the data is reasonable. If so, then also do parts (b)–(d). b. Obtain the coefficient of determination. c. Determine the percentage of variation in the observed values of the response variable explained by the regression, and interpret your answer. d. State how useful the regression equation appears to be for making predictions.arrow_forwardA study was conducted to examine the effect of diet cola consumption on calcium levels in women. A sample of 16 healthy women aged 18 to 40 were randomly assigned to drink 24 ounces of either diet cola or water. Their urine was collected for three hours after ingestion of the beverage and calcium excretion (in mg) was measured. The data are stored in ColaCalcium.arrow_forwardCell Phones and Cancer In a study of 420,095 Danish cell phone users, 135 subjects developed cancer of the brain or nervous system (based on data from theJournal of the National Cancer Institute as reported in USA Today).Test the claim of a somewhat common belief that such cancers are affected by cell phone use. That is, test the claim that cell phone users develop cancer of the brain or nervous system at a rate that is different from the rate of 0.0340% for people who do not use cell phones. Because this issue has such great importance, use a 0.005 significance level. Based on these results, should cell phone users be concerned about cancer of the brain or nervous system?arrow_forward
- Each year the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) releases fuel economy data on cars manufactured in that year. Below are summary statistics on fuel efficiency (in miles/gallon for city driving) from random samples of cars with manual and automatic transmissions manufactured in 2012. We want to know if there is a statistical difference between the average fuel efficiencies between the two different types of transmission. Automatic Transmission Manual Transmission T1 = 15.7 S1 = 3.6 N1 = 26 T2 = 19 S2 = 4.65 N2 = 34 Мean SD Sample Size (a) Calculate the standard error for the appropriate sampling distribution: SE (b) We want to calculate a 91% confidence interval for the difference between the gas mileages for the automatic transmission and the manual transmission cars. What is the critical t-score that we should use to build our confidence interval? teritical (c) Calculate the margin of error, the lower bound, and the upper bound for the 91% confidence interval. Margin of Error =…arrow_forwardSociodemographic differences in lung cancer worry. Hahn (2017) evaluated sociodemographic differences in how people worry about lung cancer. Some of the differences observed across demographic of interest were between males and females [t[45]=0.69; higher mean worry among men], smokers and nonsmokers [t[45]=2.69; higher mean worry among smokers]. However, at least one of these results were not statistically significant. Use the information provided to state which t test or t test did not reach the .05 level of significance in this study. (a) Compute the proportion of variance using omega-squared. (b) Suppose the pooled sample standard deviation for this test is 0.74. Using this value, compute estimated Cohen's d.arrow_forwardData consistent with summary quantities in the article "Effects of Fast-Food Consumption on Energy Intake and Diet Quality Among Children" on total calorie consumption on a particular day are given for a sample of children who did not eat fast food on that day and for a sample of children who did eat fast food on that day. Assume that it is reasonable to regard these samples as representative of the population of children in the United States. No Fast Food 2342 1929 1020 1741 1480 2064 2154 1992 1863 1788 1776 1838 1659 1517 2680 Fast Food 2522 1757 933 2327 2433 2266 2525 1194 889 1510 874 2206 1810 1249 2116 (a) Use the given information to estimate the mean calorie intake for children in the United States on a day when no fast food is consumed. (Give the answer to one decimal place.) 1856.2 (b) Use the given information to estimate the mean calorie intake for children in the United States on a day when fast food is consumed. (Give the answer to one decimal place.) 1774.1 (c) Use the…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...AlgebraISBN:9780079039897Author:CarterPublisher:McGraw Hill
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...
Algebra
ISBN:9780079039897
Author:Carter
Publisher:McGraw Hill
Hypothesis Testing using Confidence Interval Approach; Author: BUM2413 Applied Statistics UMP;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hq1l3e9pLyY;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Hypothesis Testing - Difference of Two Means - Student's -Distribution & Normal Distribution; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UcZwyzwWU7o;License: Standard Youtube License