Calculus, Early Transcendentals
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781337613927
Author: Stewart
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9.3, Problem 34E
Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of curves. Use a graphing device to draw several members of each family on a common screen.
32.
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Students have asked these similar questions
1. Abel's Theorem. The goal in this problem is to prove Abel's theorem by following a series of steps
(each step must be justified).
Theorem 0.1 (Abel's Theorem).
If y1 and y2 are solutions of the differential equation
y" + p(t) y′ + q(t) y = 0,
where p and q are continuous on an open interval, then the Wronskian is given by
W (¥1, v2)(t) = c exp(− [p(t) dt),
where C is a constant that does not depend on t. Moreover, either W (y1, y2)(t) = 0 for every t in I or
W (y1, y2)(t) = 0 for every t in I.
1. (a) From the two equations (which follow from the hypotheses),
show that
y" + p(t) y₁ + q(t) y₁ = 0 and y½ + p(t) y2 + q(t) y2 = 0,
2. (b) Observe that
Hence, conclude that
(YY2 - Y1 y2) + P(t) (y₁ Y2 - Y1 Y2) = 0.
W'(y1, y2)(t) = yY2 - Y1 y2-
W' + p(t) W = 0.
3. (c) Use the result from the previous step to complete the proof of the theorem.
2. Observations on the Wronskian. Suppose the functions y₁ and y2 are solutions to the differential
equation
p(x)y" + q(x)y' + r(x) y = 0
on an open interval I.
1. (a) Prove that if y₁ and y2 both vanish at the same point in I, then y₁ and y2 cannot form a
fundamental set of solutions.
2. (b) Prove that if y₁ and y2 both attain a maximum or minimum at the same point in I, then y₁ and
Y2 cannot form a fundamental set of solutions.
3. (c) show that the functions & and t² are linearly independent on the interval (−1, 1). Verify that
both are solutions to the differential equation
t² y″ – 2ty' + 2y = 0.
Then justify why this does not contradict Abel's theorem.
4. (d) What can you conclude about the possibility that t and t² are solutions to the differential
equation
y" + q(x) y′ + r(x)y = 0?
Question 4 Find an equation of
(a) The plane through the point (2, 0, 1) and perpendicular to the line x =
y=2-t, z=3+4t.
3t,
(b) The plane through the point (3, −2, 8) and parallel to the plane z = x+y.
(c) The plane that contains the line x = 1+t, y = 2 − t, z = 4 - 3t and is
parallel to the plane 5x + 2y + z = 1.
(d) The plane that passes through the point (1,2,3) and contains the line
x = 3t, y = 1+t, and z = 2-t.
(e) The plane that contains the lines L₁: x = 1 + t, y = 1 − t, z = 2t and
L2 : x = 2 − s, y = s, z = 2.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Calculus, Early Transcendentals
Ch. 9.1 - Write a differential equation that models the...Ch. 9.1 - Write a differential equation that models the...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.1 - Determine whether the given function is a solution...Ch. 9.1 - Determine whether the given function is a solution...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 9ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 12ECh. 9.1 - Show that the given function is a solution of the...
Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 14ECh. 9.1 - (a) For what values of r does the function y = erx...Ch. 9.1 - (a) For what values of k does the function y = cos...Ch. 9.1 - Which of the following functions are solutions of...Ch. 9.1 - (a) Show that every member of the family of...Ch. 9.1 - (a) What can you say about a solution of the...Ch. 9.1 - (a) What can you say about the graph of a solution...Ch. 9.1 - A population is modeled by the differential...Ch. 9.1 - The Fitzhugh-Nagumo model for the electrical...Ch. 9.1 - Explain why the functions with the given graphs...Ch. 9.1 - The function with the given graph is a solution of...Ch. 9.1 - Match the differential equations with the solution...Ch. 9.1 - Suppose you have just poured a cup of freshly...Ch. 9.1 - Psychologists interested in learning theory study...Ch. 9.1 - Von Bertalanffys equation states that the rate of...Ch. 9.1 - Differential equations have been used extensively...Ch. 9.2 - A direction field for the differential equation y'...Ch. 9.2 - A direction field for the differential equation...Ch. 9.2 - Match the differential equation with its direction...Ch. 9.2 - Match the differential equation with its direction...Ch. 9.2 - Match the differential equation with its direction...Ch. 9.2 - Match the differential equation with its direction...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.2 - Use the direction field labeled III (above) to...Ch. 9.2 - Sketch a direction field for the differential...Ch. 9.2 - Sketch a direction field for the differential...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 9.2 - (a) Use Eulers method with each of the following...Ch. 9.2 - A direction field for a differential equation is...Ch. 9.2 - Use Eulers method with step size 0.5 to compute...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 22ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 9.2 - (a) Use Eulers method with step size 0.2 to...Ch. 9.2 - The figure shows a circuit containing an...Ch. 9.3 - Solve the differential equation. 1. dydx=3x2y2Ch. 9.3 - Solve the differential equation. 2. dydx=xy4Ch. 9.3 - Solve the differential equation. 2. dydx=xyCh. 9.3 - Solve the differential equation. 4. xy=y+3Ch. 9.3 - Solve the differential equation. 3. xyy=x2+1Ch. 9.3 - Solve the differential equation. 4. y+xey=0Ch. 9.3 - Solve the differential equation. 5. (ey1)y=2+cosxCh. 9.3 - Solve the differential equation. 8. dydx=2xy2+1Ch. 9.3 - Solve the differential equation. 9. dpdt=t2pp+t21Ch. 9.3 - Solve the differential equation. 10. dzdt+et+z=0Ch. 9.3 - Find the solution of the differential equation...Ch. 9.3 - Find the solution of the differential equation...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 15ECh. 9.3 - Find the solution of the differential equation...Ch. 9.3 - Find the solution of the differential equation...Ch. 9.3 - Find the solution of the differential equation...Ch. 9.3 - Find the solution of the differential equation...Ch. 9.3 - Find an equation of the curve that passes through...Ch. 9.3 - Find the function f such that f(x) = xf(x) x and...Ch. 9.3 - Solve the differential equation y = x + y by...Ch. 9.3 - Solve the differential equation xy = y + xey/x by...Ch. 9.3 - (a) Solve the differential equation y=2x1y2. (b)...Ch. 9.3 - Solve the equation eyy + cos x = 0 and graph...Ch. 9.3 - Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of...Ch. 9.3 - Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of...Ch. 9.3 - Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of...Ch. 9.3 - Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of...Ch. 9.3 - Find a function f such that f(3) = 2 and (t2 +...Ch. 9.3 - Solve the initial-value problem in Exercise 9.2.27...Ch. 9.3 - In Exercise 9.2.28 we discussed a differential...Ch. 9.3 - In an elementary chemical reaction, single...Ch. 9.3 - A sphere with radius 1 m has temperature 15C. It...Ch. 9.3 - A glucose solution is administered intravenously...Ch. 9.3 - A certain small country has 10 billion in paper...Ch. 9.3 - A tank contains 1000 L of brine with 15 kg of...Ch. 9.3 - The air in a room with volume 180 m3 contains...Ch. 9.3 - A vat with 500 gallons of beer contains 4% alcohol...Ch. 9.3 - A tank contains 1000 L of pure water. Brine that...Ch. 9.3 - An object of mass m is moving horizontally through...Ch. 9.3 - A model for tumor growth is given by the Gompertz...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 1APCh. 9.3 - Prob. 2APCh. 9.4 - A population grows according to the given logistic...Ch. 9.4 - A population grows according to the given logistic...Ch. 9.4 - The Pacific halibut fishery has been modeled by...Ch. 9.4 - Suppose a population P(t) satisfies...Ch. 9.4 - Suppose a population grows according to a logistic...Ch. 9.4 - The population of the world was about 6.1 billion...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 10ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.4 - Biologists stocked a lake with 400 fish and...Ch. 9.4 - (a) Show that if P satisfies the logistic equation...Ch. 9.4 - For a fixed value of M (say M = 10), the family of...Ch. 9.4 - Consider a population P = P(t) with constant...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 21ECh. 9.4 - In a seasonal-growth model, a periodic function of...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 24ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 25ECh. 9.5 - Determine whether the differential equation is...Ch. 9.5 - Determine whether the differential equation is...Ch. 9.5 - Determine whether the differential equation is...Ch. 9.5 - Determine whether the differential equation is...Ch. 9.5 - Solve the differential equation. 5. y' + y = 1Ch. 9.5 - Solve the differential equation. 6. y' y = exCh. 9.5 - Solve the differential equation. 7. y' = x yCh. 9.5 - Solve the differential equation. 8. 4x3y + x4y' =...Ch. 9.5 - Solve the differential equation. 9. xy+y=xCh. 9.5 - Solve the differential equation. 10. 2xy+y=2xCh. 9.5 - Solve the differential equation. 11. xy2y=x2,x0Ch. 9.5 - Solve the differential equation. 12. y3x2y=x2Ch. 9.5 - Solve the differential equation. 13....Ch. 9.5 - Solve the differential equation. 14....Ch. 9.5 - Solve the differential equation. 15. y+ycosx=xCh. 9.5 - Solve the differential equation. 16. y+2xy=x3ex2Ch. 9.5 - Solve the initial-value problem. 17....Ch. 9.5 - Solve the initial-value problem. 18....Ch. 9.5 - Solve the initial-value problem. 15....Ch. 9.5 - Solve the initial-value problem. 16....Ch. 9.5 - Solve the initial-value problem. 17....Ch. 9.5 - Solve the initial-value problem. 18....Ch. 9.5 - Solve the initial-value problem. 19....Ch. 9.5 - Solve the initial-value problem. 20....Ch. 9.5 - Solve the differential equation and use a...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 26ECh. 9.5 - Bernoulli Differential Equations A Bernoulli...Ch. 9.5 - Bernoulli Differential Equations A Bernoulli...Ch. 9.5 - Bernoulli Differential Equations A Bernoulli...Ch. 9.5 - Solve the second-order equation xy" + 2y' = 12x2...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 31ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 32ECh. 9.5 - The figure shows a circuit containing an...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 34ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 35ECh. 9.5 - A tank with a capacity of 400 L is full of a...Ch. 9.5 - An object with mass m is dropped from rest and we...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 40ECh. 9.5 - Show that the substitution z = 1/P transforms the...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 42ECh. 9.6 - For each predator-prey system, determine which of...Ch. 9.6 - Each system of differential equations is a model...Ch. 9.6 - The system of differential equations...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.6 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.6 - Prob. 6ECh. 9.6 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.6 - Graphs of populations of two species are shown....Ch. 9.6 - Populations of aphids and ladybugs are modeled by...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 11ECh. 9 - (a) What is a differential equation? (b) What is...Ch. 9 - What can you say about the solutions of the...Ch. 9 - What is a direction field for the differential...Ch. 9 - Explain how Euler's method works.Ch. 9 - What is a separable differential equation? How do...Ch. 9 - What is a first-order linear differential...Ch. 9 - (a) Write a differential equation that expresses...Ch. 9 - (a) Write the logistic differential equation. (b)...Ch. 9 - (a) Write Lotka-Volterra equations to model...Ch. 9 - Determine whether the statement is true or false....Ch. 9 - Determine whether the statement is true or false....Ch. 9 - Determine whether the statement is true or false....Ch. 9 - Determine whether the statement is true or false....Ch. 9 - Determine whether the statement is true or false....Ch. 9 - Prob. 7TFQCh. 9 - Determine whether the statement is true or false....Ch. 9 - (a) A direction field for the differential...Ch. 9 - (a) Sketch a direction field for the differential...Ch. 9 - (a) A direction field for the differential...Ch. 9 - (a) Use Euler's method with step size 0.2 to...Ch. 9 - Solve the differential equation. 5. y=xesinxycosxCh. 9 - Solve the differential equation. 6. dxdy=1t+xtxCh. 9 - Solve the differential equation. 7. 2yey2y=2x+3xCh. 9 - Solve the differential equation. 8. x2yy=2x3e1/xCh. 9 - Solve the initial-value problem. 9....Ch. 9 - Solve the initial-value problem. 10. (1 + cos x)...Ch. 9 - Solve the initial-value problem. 11. xy' y = x ln...Ch. 9 - Solve the initial-value problem y' = 3x2ey, y(0) =...Ch. 9 - Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of...Ch. 9 - Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of...Ch. 9 - (a) Write the solution of the initial-value...Ch. 9 - The von Bertalanffy growth model is used to...Ch. 9 - A tank contains 100 L of pure water. Brine that...Ch. 9 - One model for the spread of an epidemic is that...Ch. 9 - The Brentano-Stevens Law in psychology models the...Ch. 9 - The transport of a substance across a capillary...Ch. 9 - Populations of birds and insects are modeled by...Ch. 9 - Suppose the model of Exercise 22 is replaced by...Ch. 9 - Barbara weighs 60 kg and is on a diet of 1600...Ch. 9 - Find all functions f such that f' is continuous...Ch. 9 - A student forgot the Product Rule for...Ch. 9 - Let f be a function with the property that f(0) =...Ch. 9 - Find all functions f that satisfy the equation...Ch. 9 - Find the curve y = f(x) such that f(x) 0, f(0) =...Ch. 9 - A subtangent is a portion of the x-axis that lies...Ch. 9 - A peach pie is taken out of the oven at 5:00 pm....Ch. 9 - Snow began to fall during the morning of February...Ch. 9 - (a) Suppose that the dog in Problem 9 runs twice...Ch. 9 - A planning engineer for a new alum plant must...Ch. 9 - Find the curve that passes through the point (3,...Ch. 9 - Recall that the normal line to a curve at a point...Ch. 9 - Find all curves with the properly that if the...Ch. 9 - Find all curves with the property that if a line...
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