EBK EXPERIMENTAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY: A M
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305687875
Author: Gilbert
Publisher: CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT
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Chapter 9.2, Problem 21E
(a)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:The radial initiation step of light interaction with Freon 12 in the stratosphere needs to be shown.
Concept Introduction : The
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:The radical produced in the reaction and ozone molecule produced a product is to be described.
Concept Introduction : Free radicals are an uncharged molecule having an unpaired valence electron.
These are typically highly reactive and short-lived molecule
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Students have asked these similar questions
5. For the chlorination of ethane, represented by the equation: CH3CH3 + Cl2 + hv→ CH3CH2CI + HCI, the following
radical-mediated mechanism has been proposed:
Cl2 2 Cl· + CI -
CH4 + Cl. → CH3· + HCI
CH3: + Cl2 → CH3CI + Cl·
k1, k.1
k2
k3
CH3* + Cl· 2CH3CI
ka, k.4
Additionally, it has been possible to establish, under certain experimental conditions, that the reaction is first
order with respect to the methane, and three halves with respect to chlorine.
a) Classify the different steps of this mechanism (i.e. initiation, propagation, etc.).
b) Derive the rate law for the chlorination of ethane, based on the mechanism proposed.
c) Identify which is the rate-determining step. Justify your selection.
d) Indicate which are the assumptions and approximations you used so that this model could work (i.e. pre-
equilibrium condition, steady state approximation, neglecting the contribution of a step, etc.).
Deduce possible reactions steps (no photolysis) for Mechanism II following X + 03 → XO + O₂
step such that the sum of all mechanism steps does not destroy or create any ozone.
xxxxvi
Chapter 9 Solutions
EBK EXPERIMENTAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY: A M
Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 1ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 2ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 6ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 8ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 9ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 18ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 20ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 21ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 22ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 24ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 1ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 2ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 6ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 9ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 10ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 12ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 13ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 14E
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What is a radical? What elementary steps are involved in a reaction mechanism involving radicals?arrow_forward12. Which of the following is the correct mechanism for the elimination reaction of 2bromo-2,3-dimethylbutane with methoxide? Il Br XX(X ||| H A. I B. II Br H OCH 3 OCH 3 X C. III D. IV IV Br -Br OCH3 OCH 3arrow_forwardThe answer is in the bracket. Thank you!!arrow_forward
- 4. Why are most radical reactions considered "propagation" steps?arrow_forwardA minor route for ozone destruction in the ozone hole involves Mechanism II with bromine as X' and chlorine as X (or vice-versa). The CIO and BrO free radical molecules produced in these processes then collide with each other and rearrange their atoms to eventually yield O, and atomic chlorine and bromine. Write out the mechanism for this process, and add up the steps to determine the overall reaction.arrow_forwardNitric oxide, NO·, is another radical also thought to cause ozone destruction by a similar mechanism. One source of NO· in the stratosphere is supersonic aircraft whose jet engines convert small amounts of N2 and O2 to NO·. Write the propagation steps for the reaction of O3 with NO·.arrow_forward
- 4. Write the free radical chain mechanism for the following bromination reaction: BrCC13 hv + Br HCC13arrow_forward2.) The reaction between acetone (CH3COCH3) and bromine in acid solution was studied and the following rate data collected. Determine the rate law by calculating the reaction orders with respect to each reactant and the value for the rate constant, k. Show ALL work. [Acetone] [Br2] [H3O*] (M) Rate Trial (mol*L·l*s•l) 5.8 x 10-5 5.8 x 10-5 (M) (M) 0.30 0.050 0.050 0.30 0.100 0.050 1.2 x 104 3.2 x 10-4 3 0.30 0.050 0.100 4 0.40 0.050 0.200arrow_forward4. The decomposition of acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) to methane and carbon monoxide is an example of a free radical chain reaction. The overall reaction is believed to occur through the following sequence of steps: k1 CH3CHO + CHз * +CНО * k2 CH3CНО + CH3 * CH4 + CH3CО * k3 CH3CO * - CO + CH3 * k4 CH3 * +CH3 * → C2H6 Free radical species are indicated by the * symbol. In this case, the free radical CHO * that is generated in the first reaction is kinetically insignificant and thus you can ignore this d[CH,] « ([CH,CнO])3/2 holds. substance. According to the experimental observation, Using the steady state approximation, derive the 3/2 order relation of this reaction and find the rate constant K in ICH, = K([CH3CHO])³/2. NOTE: The final reaction is a second order reaction. dlCaHel = -2k4[CH3 +]? dt dt dtarrow_forward
- 1arrow_forwardMost supersonic planes produce exhaust of hot gases containing many compounds, including nitric oxide (NO). Nitric oxide is a radical that is believed to play a role in ozone depletion. Choose propagation steps that show how nitric oxide can destroy ozone in a chain process. (Several choices may be correct.) □ O=N-O O=N-O + 0₂ O=N. DO=N-6 .Ö. O=N-0 02 0₂ + DO=N- + 03 O=N. O=N. O=N-0 02 O=N- O=N-O 02 .Ö. O=N. .Ö. 0₂arrow_forward2A + B --> 3C + 2D The rate of formation of C in the above reaction is measured at 2.2 mol dm-3 s-1. What are the rates of formation and consumption of D, A, and B? Ans: 1.5 mol dm-3 s-1, 1.5 mol dm-3 s-1, and 0.73 mol dm-3 s-1 respectively.arrow_forward
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