Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321775658
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 9TYU
MAKE CONNECTIONS The proton pump shown in Figures 7.17 and 7.18 is a type of ATP synthase (see Figure 9.14). Compare the processes shown in the two figures, and say whether they are involved in active or passive transport (see Concepts 7.3 and 7.4).
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Can you explain why when the pH level was changed from 0 to 5, the ATP production was affected despite the supply of glucose being constant at just 1 mol for both treatments (At 0 pH and 5 pH). What is the reason on why this could have happened?
Coupled transport across a cell membrane:
O requires isomerization of a pigment molecule by a photon.
O requires ATP hydrolysis to power the transporter's conformational changes.
O always transports both cargo molecules in the same direction.
O None of these options describe coupled transport.
O cannot occur if either cargo molecule can achieve transit alone through the
transporter.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.1 - WHAT IF? If the following redox reaction...Ch. 9.2 - VISUAL SKILLS During the redox reaction in...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.3 - What process in your cells produce the CO2 that...Ch. 9.3 - VISUAL SKILLS The conversions shown in Figure...Ch. 9.4 - WHAT IF? What effect would an absence of O2 have...Ch. 9.4 - WHAT IF? In the absence of O2 as in question 1,...Ch. 9.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Membranes must be fluid to...Ch. 9.5 - Consider the NADH formed during glycolysis. What...
Ch. 9.5 - WHAT IF? A glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from...Ch. 9.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the structure of a fat...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 9.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 9.6 - VISUAL SKILLS During intense exercise, can a...Ch. 9 - Describe the difference between the two processes...Ch. 9 - Which reactions in glycolysis are the source of...Ch. 9 - What molecular products indicate the complete...Ch. 9 - Briefly explain the mechanism by which ATP...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.5CRCh. 9 - Prob. 9.6CRCh. 9 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. The immediate...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 9 - 3. The final electron acceptor of the electron...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 9 - What is the oxidizing agent in the following...Ch. 9 - When electrons flow along the electron transport...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 9 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The proton pump shown in Figures...Ch. 9 - INTERPRET THE DATA Phosphofructokinase is an...Ch. 9 - DRAW IT The graph here shows the pH difference...Ch. 9 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION AIP synthases are found in...Ch. 9 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY In the 1930s, some physicians...Ch. 9 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 9 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is sold...
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- K+ [Select] [Select] A Na+ Primary active transport is being shown by transporter [Select] which uses [Select] ATP [Select] B The transported molecules in this mechanism are being moved [Select] to move Glucose active transport is being shown by transporter [Select] which uses the gradient. Secondary to move against the gradient. When both the molecules move through a transporter in the same direction as in B, this type of transport is called antiport.arrow_forwardIn the situations described below, what is the free energy change if 1 mole of Na* is transported across a membrane from a region where the concentra- tion is 1 µM to a region where it is 100 mM? (Assume T = 37 °C.) (a) In the absence of a membrane potential. (b) When the transport is opposed by a membrane potential of 70 mV. (c) In cach case, will hydrolysis of 1 mole of ATP suffice to drive the trans- port of 1 mole of ion, assuming pH 7.4 and the following cytoplamic concentrations: ATP= 4.60 mM, P = 5.10 mM, ADP = 310 µM?arrow_forwardPart B → you were dealing with an uncharged molecule rather than an ion, would your answer for part A be higher or lower, assuming all other conditions remained the same? Explain Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences. Not all terms will be used. Submit Provide Feedback, 포 would higher would not lower the same Request Answer The actual value for an uncharged molecule would be the membrane potential 8 be reduced much more because the ATP-driven pumping Reset Help since the internal concentration have to fightarrow_forward
- In facilitated diffusion, what is the role of the transport protein? > View Available Hint(s) O Transport proteins allow solutes to move passively down their concentration gradient across the membrane. O Transport proteins provide the energy for diffusion of the solute. O Transport proteins provide a low-resistance channel for water molecules to cross the membrane. O Transport proteins provide a protein site for ATP hydrolysis, which facilitates the movement of a solute across a membrane. Transport proteins organize the phospholipids to allow the solute to cross the membrane.arrow_forwardImage shows reaction for hydrogen ion transport from outside mitochondrion to inside mitochondrion. Part a) What is ∆G ̊ for hydrogen ion transport. Part b) Outside the mitochondria there is a pH of 6.4 and inside mitochondria, there is a pH of 7.4. Calculate Q and ∆G for the reaction shown in the image. Part c) How many hydrogen ions needed per one ATP?arrow_forwardCalculate ΔGinward. Is energy required for transport to happen? The internal pH of a lysosome= 4.0 and the pH of the cytosol is 7.0. For a cell at 25°C with a -40 mV lysosome membrane potential. What is the ΔGinward for the proton gradient into the lysosome?arrow_forward
- Please help me with thisarrow_forward3 Diagram A below illustrates schematically a classic experiment designed to test the chemi- osmotic hypothesis. Phospholipid vesicles were made to contain beef heart mitochondrial ATP syn- thase and bacteriorhodopsin, a light driven proton pump isolated from Halobacterium holobium. Under light illumination, proton translocation by bacteriorhodopsin results in ATP synthesis when ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) are added to the suspension of vesicles. Diagram B shows a plot of the rate of ATP synthesis as a function of the proton gradient ApH. Bacteriorhodopsin in synthetic vesicle 100F A outside inside 5아 Fo F1 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 A pH (a) how this differs from its orientation in mitochondria. Given the orientation of the components of ATP synthase complex in diagram A, describe (b) cavity of the vesicle become the region of low proton concentration or the region of high proton con- centration? Explain your reasoning. Under light illumination to activate bacteriorhodopsin to drive ATP…arrow_forward21. The heart of Peter Mitchell’s theory of chemiosmosis implies that the connection betweenelectron transport and the synthesis of ATP is indirect. Explain this statement.arrow_forward
- Complex 2 EXTRACELLULAR SPACE glucose 3 Na plasma membrane K* electrochemica gradient Na electrochemical gradient glucose concentration gradient CYTOSOL ADP ATP Complex 1 Digoxin is a complex 1 inhibitor. Suppose digoxin was added to the cell and the fluids from the extracellular space and cytosol were subjected to Benedict's test. Describe the expected result from the test.arrow_forwardArrange the sequence of events in Oxidative Phosphorylation. (1-5) As the H+ ions move through the ATP synthase it'll provide the power to make the ATP synthase to turn. As it turns, a phosphate group is added to an ADP, forming a proton gradient-energy as ATP. With the help of a channel protein called ATP synthase, these H* ions are transferred back to the matrix. The electrons are passed to another electron carrier called cytochrome C (cyt C), which carries the = electrons to enzyme complex IV. Here, the last batch of H* ions are pumped into the intermembrane space. Enzyme complexes I and Il then transport the electrons through ubiquinone (Q), a mobile electron carrier. Q is reduced to QH, in the process and delivers the electrons to enzyme complex III. As this happens, more H* ions are pumped into the intermembrane space. The NADH and FADH2 produced from the previous stages of cellular respiration bring electrons across the transport chain to initiate the oxidative phosphorylation.arrow_forwardabout ATP synthase [Cellular Respiration] Which of the following interactions provides the mechanical energy needed to promote ATP production? Non-polar interaction Salt bridge formation Polar interaction : Attractive Polar interaction : Repulsivearrow_forward
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