Chapter 9, Problem 9C.16E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible isomers of the complex $\left[\text{CO}\text{Cl}\left(\text{NCS}\right){\left({\text{OH}}_{\text{2}}\right)}_4\right]\text{Cl}{\text{.H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ have to be given and isomeric structures have to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Isomers:

The compounds with same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement of the atom are said to be isomers.

Linkage isomers:

Linkage isomerism occurs with ambidentate ligands that are capable of coordinating in more than one way.

Example:

${\text{SCN}}^{\text{-}}{\text{/NCS}}^{\text{-}}$.  The only difference is the atoms bind to the central ion.  The ligand must have more than one donor atom but bind to ion in only one place.

Hydrate Isomers:

Hydrate isomers results from replacement of a coordinated group by a solvent molecule in this case it is a water molecule.

Stereo isomers:

Stereo isomers are the isomers that have same molecular formula but differ in spatial arrangement of atoms.  Stereo isomers can be sub divided into two groups,

• Optical isomers
• Geometrical isomers

Geometric isomers:

If there is restricted rotation in a molecule there arise geometric isomerisms.  Geometric isomers are also known as Cis- trans isomerism.

• If the two atoms locked in same side of the molecule then it is called as cis isomers.
• If the two atoms locked in opposite side of the molecule then it is called as trans isomers.