Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers (4th Edition)
Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134320533
Author: Michael S. Mamlouk, John P. Zaniewski
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 9.1QP
To determine

Write the difference between tar and asphalt cement.

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Explanation of Solution

Difference between tar and asphalt cement as in Table (1):

Asphalt cementTar
Asphalt occurs in natural form or by means of a by-product of petroleum refinery. It is sticky, adhesive, elastic, and easily able to stretch flex and bend without breaking.Tar cannot occur in natural form; it is obtained as a by-product when manufacturing water-gas and coke.
Asphalt is more weather resistant.Tar is more temperature susceptible, usually used to coat aggregates that are more water resistant.
Hot mix paving asphalt creates odor that can be strong and persistent.Tar has an aromatic odor.
Asphalt molecules tend to be aliphatic (referred as a straight chain).Tar tends to be aromatic (referred as cyclic or ring).
Asphalt fume causes health hazards such as skin rash, fatigue, headache, and also skin cancer.Fumes from the heated tar cause health hazards to human beings such as severe eye and skin irritation.

Uses:

They are largely used for pavement construction and maintenance.

It is used as glue with aggregate particles to create the asphalt concrete.

Uses:

They are broadly used in road works because it is superior and also used for preserving timber.

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Q2: A circular concrete culvert of diameter 120 cm carries water of depth 75 cm to irrigate a 30-hectare field. What could be the discharge of this canal if the slope was 0.002? Use Manning's n= 0.014. TWO
A farm of 40 hectares is supplied by open field drains. The spacing of these drains were selected to be 100m and the length of each drain is 600 m. If the drainage coefficient is 4 cm/day, find: 1- Discharge at the end of a field drain. 2- Total discharge passed through the collector drain. 3- The dimension of open drains, if n= 0.03, S= 0.00035 and Z= 1.5
Please use stiffness matrix method to solve.
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